Multicentric Database for Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasm of the Pancreas

Pancreatic solid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) is a low-grade malignant tumor, accounting for 0.2%-2.7% of pancreatic tumors, with unique histological and biological characteristics. Its pathological features include solid-cystic and pseudopapillary structures. SPN occurs predominantly in younger individuals, with a median age of 27-31 years. Male patients tend to be older than female patients, but the incidence is significantly higher in females. This gender disparity may be related to hormonal factors or genetic susceptibility. Although most patients have excellent prognosis (10-year survival rate >95%), approximately 10% may develop metastasis or recurrence, particularly in cases with high-risk pathological features. Reported incidence rates are higher in Asia than in Western countries, with Chinese multicenter studies indicating SPN constitutes 2.8% of pancreatic tumors. SPN exhibits significant differences from other pancreatic tumors in epidemiology, morphology, immunophenotype, and genetics, warranting classification as a distinct pathological entity for clinical management and prognostic evaluation.

Real-world study (RWS) refers to the systematic collection of patient health data in real-world clinical settings [real-world data (RWD)] to address predefined medical questions, employing multidisciplinary methods for comprehensive analysis to generate real-world evidence (RWE). RWS can inform clinical decision-making, support drug development and regulatory decisions, and guide public health policies through pharmacoeconomic evaluations. As an important complement and extension to randomized controlled trials (RCTs), RWS has gained increasing attention globally in recent years. In May 2019, the U.S. FDA issued draft guidance on "Submitting Documents Using Real-World Data and Real-World Evidence to FDA for Drugs and Biologics", detailing the use of RWD/RWE for regulatory approvals. China's NMPA released the "Guideline for Real-World Evidence to Support Drug Development and Evaluation (Trial)" in January 2020, formally incorporating RWE into drug development and regulatory frameworks. Similar initiatives exist in Japan, South Korea, and the EU. As of June 2020, over 2,000 RWS studies were registered globally, including 300+ in China (70+ related to oncology).

SPN is insensitive to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, with complete surgical resection being the cornerstone of cure. R0 resection (negative margins) reduces recurrence and improves survival. For resectable SPN, surgery is strongly recommended. Despite being classified as malignant, SPN exhibits indolent growth with excellent outcomes. Most patients undergoing R0 resection achieve cure. Organ-preserving techniques (e.g., enucleation, spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy) and minimally invasive approaches (laparoscopic/robotic) are prioritized to reduce complications and enhance quality of life. However, large-scale evidence comparing surgical approaches (minimally invasive vs. open; standard vs. limited resection) remains limited.

Given SPN's rarity and slow research progress, the investigators propose establishing a multicenter RWS database to:

1. Design a tailored database system for SPN, retrospectively collecting clinical data from Shanghai Pancreatic Tumor Institute and other centers;
2. Prospectively collect and maintain SPN patient data to support clinical and translational research.