BurnsNCT07183943
Gaming Based PNF on Spatiotemporal Parameters in Upper Limb Burned Patients
A study testing Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF), Visual reality (VR) and PNF and VR in people with Burns, run by MTI University at 1 site in Egypt.
Trial summary
Burn injuries are among the most severe forms of trauma, often leading to significant physical and psychological challenges. The rehabilitation process for burn patients, particularly those with upper limb injuries, is complex due to the need for restoring functional movement and reducing scar contracture. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Burns
- What is being tested?
- Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF), Visual reality (VR) and PNF and VR
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 150 participants
- Where
- 1 siteEgypt
- Study dates
- 1 Oct 2025to 5 Jan 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Clinical diagnosis of unilateral upper extremity burn injury
- must be able to walk independently
- Agreeing to participate voluntarily in the study
- 18-65 years of age
- the ability to accurately express the level of pain that prevents cognitive, affective and verbal communication
Who cannot join
- Walking with assist device
- Having a visual deficits
- Having an orthopedic problems that affect gait
- Having a neurological disorders
- Having a musculoskeletal disorders that affect gait
- Having an undergone orthopedic surgery
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Gaming Based Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation on Spatiotemporal Parameters in Upper Limb Burned Patients
Burn injuries are among the most severe forms of trauma, often leading to significant physical and psychological challenges. The rehabilitation process for burn patients, particularly those with upper limb injuries, is complex due to the need for restoring functional movement and reducing scar contracture. Traditional rehabilitation methods focus on restoring range of motion, muscle strength, and coordination. However, these approaches can be limited in engaging patients and maintaining their motivation throughout the recovery process.
Read the detailed description
Upper limb burn injury (ULBI) often leads to significant dysfunction . Severe pain, limited range of motion in the joint and kinesiophobia may affect upper limb functionality and activities of daily living in the acute term of injury . Increased pain and limitations in range of motion and function of the upper limb may cause deterioration in reciprocal arm swing which plays a substantial role in gait pattern by contributing to the co-ordination of the trunk, pelvis and leg movements, reducing energy expenditure and improving gait stability and balance.
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) is a therapeutic exercise technique used to enhance both passive and active range of motion with the aim of improving neuromuscular control and coordination. By integrating PNF with innovative technologies such as Virtual Reality (VR) gaming systems, rehabilitation can be transformed into an engaging and immersive experience. VR provides a unique environment that can simulate real-life scenarios, offering a controlled yet dynamic setting that encourages active participation and motivation.
- Conditions
- Burns
- Being tested
- Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF), Visual reality (VR), PNF and VR
- Medical subject headings
- Burns
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF)Other
Training was performed in different positions (decubitus, sitting, and standing) according to the specific exercise. the participants performed 10 minutes of diagonal scapula exercises (anterior and posterior elevation) and 30 minutes of upper limb diagonals (Flexion-Abduction-External Rotation and Extension-Abduction-Internal Rotation), including the 5 initial minutes of stretching.
Visual reality (VR)Other
The site of the intervention was a 20-square-meter room equipped with a multimedia projector, which projected the image on the wall at a height of 1 m and 20 cm. A professional physical therapist supervised the treatment continuously, and every participant received prior instructions on the conduct of the games. The therapeutic protocol included 4 electronic games: Balance Bubble Plus, Rhythm Parade, Tennis, and Box.
PNF and VROther
The total duration of the sessions remained consistent. The participants performed 5 minutes of scapula diagonals and 15 minutes of upper limb diagonals in the weekly session. The games for the PNF/VR group were the same as those for the VR group, except for their duration. Whereas they were performed for 20 minutes each in the VR group, the session including 5 minutes of stretching.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) | Experimental | In the PNF group, The PNF sequence included scapula, upper limb, Training was performed in different positions Receives: Other: Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) |
| Visual reality (VR) | Experimental | In the VR group, the tasks were performed with the aid of a Nintendo Wii device. Receives: Other: Visual reality (VR) |
| PNF and VR | Experimental | The PNF/VR group performed both PNF and VR exercises. The duration of the exercises was modified so that half of the time was devoted to PNF and the other half to VR Receives: Other: PNF and VR |
| Control group | No intervention | No intervention |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Kinesiophobia
the Arabic version of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK) was used. The TSK is rated on a 4-point Likert scale ranging from 17 to 68, with higher scores indicating a high level of kinesiophobia . The TSK has been shown to be a reliable tool for the measurement of kinesiophobia in patients with (upper limb burn injury) ULBI.
Measured: at baseline and at 12 weeks
Secondary outcomes (2)
Gait Analysis
The GAITRite (CIR System INC. Clifton, NJ, USA, 07012) electronic walkway was used to evaluate the spatio-temporal parameters during walking. Participants walked barefoot at self-selected pace. Gait analysis was started after a trial to allow the participants to become familiar with the test. Gait velocity, cadence and bilateral gait parameters of step length, stride length, percentage of stance and swing were used for analysis. In addition spatio-temporal parameters and plantar pressure distribution were analyzed during walking. The GAITRite system expresses the plantar pressure value as a percentage of the maximum pressure.
Measured: at baseline and at 12 weeks
Arm swing
The arm swing movements during walking were evaluated with free version of Kinovea 2D motion analysis software (Kinovea 0.8.15., GPLv2 license, 2019). It is a reliable method to analyze the upper extremity movements and gait analysis . For tracking the segments of the upper limbs during walking, sticker markers were placed in specific anatomical areas (left/right acromions, left/right medial and lateral epicondyles, and left/right distal radius and ulna landmarks) . The shoulder, elbow, and wrist joints were manually positioned within the Kinovea software to accurately map the participants' upper body movements. Based on the identified joint centers, the upper arm, lower arm, and full arm segments were determined. Detailed analyses were conducted to evaluate the shoulder angle (measured from the shoulder joint marker to the elbow joint marker), the elbow angle (measured from the elbow joint marker to the midpoint of the wrist joint marker).
Measured: at baseline and at 12 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted19 Sep 2025
- Study start1 Oct 2025
- Primary completion1 Jan 2026
- Study completion5 Jan 2026
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for BurnsStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- RCT
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 150 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- MTI University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Ahmed Mohamed Ahmed Abd El hady El Fahl,ph.d, MTI University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07183943
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- P.T.REC/012/005914
- Status last verified
- Jul 2026
- First submitted
- 8 Sep 2025
- Last updated
- 20 Jul 2026
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 20 Jul 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Gaming Based Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation on Spatiotemporal Parameters in Upper Limb Burned Patients
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07183943
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- P.T.REC/012/005914
- Conditions
- Burns
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 150 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- MTI UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Oct 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Jan 2026 (actual)
- Study completion
- 5 Jan 2026 (actual)
- First posted
- 19 Sep 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Burn injuries are among the most severe forms of trauma, often leading to significant physical and psychological challenges. The rehabilitation process for burn patients, particularly those with upper limb injuries, is complex due to the need for restoring functional movement and reducing scar contracture. Traditional rehabilitation methods focus on restoring range of motion, muscle strength, and coordination. However, these approaches can be limited in engaging patients and maintaining their motivation throughout the recovery process.
Detailed description
Upper limb burn injury (ULBI) often leads to significant dysfunction . Severe pain, limited range of motion in the joint and kinesiophobia may affect upper limb functionality and activities of daily living in the acute term of injury . Increased pain and limitations in range of motion and function of the upper limb may cause deterioration in reciprocal arm swing which plays a substantial role in gait pattern by contributing to the co-ordination of the trunk, pelvis and leg movements, reducing energy expenditure and improving gait stability and balance.
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) is a therapeutic exercise technique used to enhance both passive and active range of motion with the aim of improving neuromuscular control and coordination. By integrating PNF with innovative technologies such as Virtual Reality (VR) gaming systems, rehabilitation can be transformed into an engaging and immersive experience. VR provides a unique environment that can simulate real-life scenarios, offering a controlled yet dynamic setting that encourages active participation and motivation.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 4
- Model description
- RCT
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) | Experimental | Other: Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF)In the PNF group, The PNF sequence included scapula, upper limb, Training was performed in different positions |
| Visual reality (VR) | Experimental | Other: Visual reality (VR)In the VR group, the tasks were performed with the aid of a Nintendo Wii device. |
| PNF and VR | Experimental | Other: PNF and VRThe PNF/VR group performed both PNF and VR exercises. The duration of the exercises was modified so that half of the time was devoted to PNF and the other half to VR |
| Control group | No intervention | –No intervention |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 65 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Clinical diagnosis of unilateral upper extremity burn injury
- must be able to walk independently
- Agreeing to participate voluntarily in the study
- 18-65 years of age
- the ability to accurately express the level of pain that prevents cognitive, affective and verbal communication
Key exclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Walking with assist device
- Having a visual deficits
- Having an orthopedic problems that affect gait
- Having a neurological disorders
- Having a musculoskeletal disorders that affect gait
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF)Training was performed in different positions (decubitus, sitting, and standing) according to the specific exercise. the participants performed 10 minutes of diagonal scapula exercises (anterior and posterior elevation) and 30 minutes of upper limb diagonals (Flexion-Abduction-External Rotation and Extension-Abduction-Internal Rotation), including the 5 initial minutes of stretching. | Other | Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) |
| Visual reality (VR)The site of the intervention was a 20-square-meter room equipped with a multimedia projector, which projected the image on the wall at a height of 1 m and 20 cm. A professional physical therapist supervised the treatment continuously, and every participant received prior instructions on the conduct of the games. The therapeutic protocol included 4 electronic games: Balance Bubble Plus, Rhythm Parade, Tennis, and Box. | Other | Visual reality (VR) |
| PNF and VRThe total duration of the sessions remained consistent. The participants performed 5 minutes of scapula diagonals and 15 minutes of upper limb diagonals in the weekly session. The games for the PNF/VR group were the same as those for the VR group, except for their duration. Whereas they were performed for 20 minutes each in the VR group, the session including 5 minutes of stretching. | Other | PNF and VR |
Primary outcome
Kinesiophobia
Time frame: at baseline and at 12 weeks
the Arabic version of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK) was used. The TSK is rated on a 4-point Likert scale ranging from 17 to 68, with higher scores indicating a high level of kinesiophobia . The TSK has been shown to be a reliable tool for the measurement of kinesiophobia in patients with (upper limb burn injury) ULBI.
2 secondary outcomes
Gait Analysis
Time frame: at baseline and at 12 weeks
Arm swing
Time frame: at baseline and at 12 weeks
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 20 Jul 2026.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF), Visual reality (VR) and PNF and VR in people with Burns, run by MTI University at 1 site in Egypt.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 6 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 20 Jul 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Egypt. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Kinesiophobia (time frame: at baseline and at 12 weeks). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 20 Jul 2026.