Well-Being, PsychologicalNCT07212348
Laughter Yoga in Midwifery Students
A study testing Laughter Yoga in people with Well-Being, Psychological and Laughter Yoga, run by Agri Ibrahim Cecen University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
The aim of this study is to examine the effect of laughter yoga on well-being and psychological adjustment in first-year midwifery students and to evaluate its potential contributions in the context of adaptation to the educational process. The research is a randomized controlled experimental study. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Any age, women onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Well-Being, Psychological, Laughter Yoga
- What is being tested?
- Laughter Yoga
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 54 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 10 Oct 2025to 3 Dec 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages Any age
- Women only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Newly enrolled in the Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University in the 2025-2026 academic year.
- Willing to participate in the study voluntarily.
Who cannot join
- İndividuals scoring 2 or higher on the GHQ-12.
- Those with urinary incontinence problems.
- Individuals who have recently undergone surgical operations.
- Those who regularly practice yoga, pilates, or similar sports/exercises.
- Individuals with asthma, COPD, or heart conditions.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: The Effect of Laughter Yoga on Well-being and Psychological Adjustment in First-Year Midwifery Students: A Randomized Controlled Trial
The aim of this study is to examine the effect of laughter yoga on well-being and psychological adjustment in first-year midwifery students and to evaluate its potential contributions in the context of adaptation to the educational process. The research is a randomized controlled experimental study. The study will be conducted at the Faculty of Health Sciences, Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University.
The population of the study consists of all students newly enrolled in the Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University, in the 2025-2026 academic year. No sampling will be carried out; instead, all students who meet the inclusion criteria and volunteer to participate will be included in the study.
Read more
Participants will be randomly assigned to two groups: the experimental group (who will receive the laughter yoga intervention) and the control group (who will not receive any intervention). Thus, the study will be conducted as a randomized controlled experimental research.
The research data will be collected using the General Health Questionnaire, Student Information Form, Subjective Well-Being Scale, Psychological Well-Being Scale, and The Short Version of the Scales of General Well-Being.
Read the detailed description
The study group consists of first-year students who started their studies in the Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University, in the fall semester of the 2025-2026 academic year. Participants will first be screened psychologically using the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12). Students who are found not suitable for the study based on psychological screening will be excluded from the research.
Students included in the study will be randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. Students in the experimental group will participate in laughter yoga sessions conducted twice a week (Thursday and Friday) for four weeks, outside of class hours and in an indoor setting. The sessions will be carried out in subgroups of 9-10 students each, with a total of eight sessions. Students in the control group will not receive any intervention.
Data will be collected at three points: pre-test (October 2025, before the intervention), post-test (November 2025, at the end of the fourth week of the intervention), and follow-up test (December 2025, one month after the intervention).
- Conditions
- Well-Being, Psychological, Laughter Yoga
- Being tested
- Laughter Yoga
- Keywords
- Laughter Yoga, Well-being, Psychological Adjustment, Midwifery Students, adaption
- Medical subject headings
- Psychological Well-Being
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Laughter YogaBehavioural
Students in the experimental group will participate in laughter yoga sessions conducted twice a week (Thursday and Friday) for four weeks, outside of class hours and in an indoor setting.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Experimental | Experimental | Students in the experimental group will participate in laughter yoga sessions conducted twice a week (Thursday and Friday) for four weeks, outside of class hours and in an indoor setting. The sessions will be carried out in subgroups of 9-10 students each, with a total of eight sessions. After completing the eight-session intervention, participants were sent reminder exercises via WhatsApp group for four weeks, and participants provided feedback with emojis as they practiced. Receives: Behavioral: Laughter Yoga |
| Control | No intervention | Students in the control group will not receive any intervention. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
General Health Questionnaire
The original version of the questionnaire, developed by David Goldberg in 1978, consists of 60 items and is used to determine the level of general psychopathology and to identify psychiatric cases in community surveys. All adaptations show high correlations with each other. .In this study, the GHQ-12, consisting of 12 items, was used. Each item asks about symptoms experienced over the past few weeks and has four response options: "not at all," "no more than usual," "rather more than usual," and "much more than usual." These four options are coded as 0 for "not at all," 1 for "no more than usual," 2 for "rather more than usual," and 3 for "much more than usual," or the administrator reads each item aloud and records the participant's response. In this study, the GHQ-type scoring used in Kılıç's (1996) validity and reliability study was applied. Therefore, participants with a GHQ-12 total score of 2 or higher are considered "cases requiring mental health assessment.
Measured: At the time of study enrollment (baseline)
Student Information Form
Prepared by the researchers based on the literature, it includes questions such as age, parents' educational level, and voluntarily choosing the midwifery program.
Measured: At the time of study enrollment (baseline)
Subjective Well-Being Scale
Developed by Tuzgöl-Dost (2005), the scale aims to determine individuals' levels of subjective well-being by assessing their cognitive evaluations of life and the frequency and intensity of positive and negative emotions experienced. The scale consists of 46 items, 26 of which are positive and 20 negative statements. Negative items are reverse-scored. The total score ranges from 46 to 230, with higher scores indicating higher levels of subjective well-being. The scale uses a five-point Likert format: (5) Completely Agree, (4) Mostly Agree, (3) Partially Agree, (2) Slightly Agree, and (1) Strongly Disagree. To assess reliability, Cronbach's alpha coefficient and the test-retest method were used. Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient was found to be 0.93, and the test-retest reliability for the entire scale was 0.86. For validity, confirmatory factor analysis showed factor loadings between 0.32 and 0.63.
Measured: At baseline (pre-test), immediately after the intervention (post-test), and at 1-month follow-up
Psychological Well-Being Scale
The Psychological Well-Being Scale was developed by Diener and colleagues (2009-2010) to complement existing well-being measures and to assess socio-psychological well-being. The Turkish adaptation of the scale was conducted by Telef (2011; 2013).
Items on the Psychological Well-Being Scale are rated on a 7-point Likert scale, from 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree). All items are positively worded. Total scores range from 8 (if a respondent answers "strongly disagree" to all items) to 56 (if a respondent answers "strongly agree" to all items). Higher scores indicate that the individual possesses multiple psychological resources and strengths.
Measured: At baseline (pre-test), immediately after the intervention (post-test), and at 1-month follow-up
The Short Version of the Scales of General Well-Being
The Short Version of the Scales of General Well-Being (SVSGW) was developed by Longo, Coyne, and Joseph. The validity and reliability of the Turkish version of this scale were established by Kalafatoğlu and Balcı Çelik. The scale is a single-factor instrument consisting of 13 items rated on a five-point Likert scale. The minimum possible score on the scale is 13 and the maximum score is 65. Higher scores indicate a higher level of general well-being. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the original scale was reported as 0.90.
Measured: At baseline (pre-test), immediately after the intervention (post-test), and at 1-month follow-up
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted8 Oct 2025
- Study start10 Oct 2025
- Primary completion3 Dec 2025
- Study completion3 Dec 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Well-Being, PsychologicalStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 54 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Agri Ibrahim Cecen University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Rumeysa ÖZAYABAKAN, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University
- Investigators
- Rumeysa ÖZAYABAKAN, Asst. Prof., Study director, Agri Ibrahim Cecen UniversityBetül UNCU, Principal investigator, İstanbul University-CerrahpaşaEbru SOLMAZ, Principal investigator, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07212348
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- Agri Ibrahim Cecen University
- Status last verified
- Sep 2025
- First submitted
- 23 Sep 2025
- Last updated
- 17 Apr 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 17 Apr 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effect of Laughter Yoga on Well-being and Psychological Adjustment in First-Year Midwifery Students: A Randomized Controlled Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07212348
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- Agri Ibrahim Cecen University
- Conditions
- Well-Being, Psychological, Laughter Yoga
- Keywords
- Laughter Yoga, Well-being, Psychological Adjustment, Midwifery Students, adaption
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 54 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Agri Ibrahim Cecen UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 10 Oct 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 3 Dec 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 3 Dec 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 8 Oct 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The aim of this study is to examine the effect of laughter yoga on well-being and psychological adjustment in first-year midwifery students and to evaluate its potential contributions in the context of adaptation to the educational process. The research is a randomized controlled experimental study. The study will be conducted at the Faculty of Health Sciences, Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University.
The population of the study consists of all students newly enrolled in the Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University, in the 2025-2026 academic year. No sampling will be carried out; instead, all students who meet the inclusion criteria and volunteer to participate will be included in the study.
Participants will be randomly assigned to two groups: the experimental group (who will receive the laughter yoga intervention) and the control group (who will not receive any intervention). Thus, the study will be conducted as a randomized controlled experimental research.
The research data will be collected using the General Health Questionnaire, Student Information Form, Subjective Well-Being Scale, Psychological Well-Being Scale, and The Short Version of the Scales of General Well-Being.
Detailed description
The study group consists of first-year students who started their studies in the Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University, in the fall semester of the 2025-2026 academic year. Participants will first be screened psychologically using the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12). Students who are found not suitable for the study based on psychological screening will be excluded from the research.
Students included in the study will be randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. Students in the experimental group will participate in laughter yoga sessions conducted twice a week (Thursday and Friday) for four weeks, outside of class hours and in an indoor setting. The sessions will be carried out in subgroups of 9-10 students each, with a total of eight sessions. Students in the control group will not receive any intervention.
Data will be collected at three points: pre-test (October 2025, before the intervention), post-test (November 2025, at the end of the fourth week of the intervention), and follow-up test (December 2025, one month after the intervention).
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Experimental | Experimental | Behavioral: Laughter YogaStudents in the experimental group will participate in laughter yoga sessions conducted twice a week (Thursday and Friday) for four weeks, outside of class hours and in an indoor setting. The sessions will be carried out in subgroups of 9-10 students each, with a total of eight sessions. After completing the eight-session intervention, participants were sent reminder exercises via WhatsApp group for four weeks, and participants provided feedback with emojis as they practiced. |
| Control | No intervention | –Students in the control group will not receive any intervention. |
Who may qualify
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Newly enrolled in the Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University in the 2025-2026 academic year.
- Willing to participate in the study voluntarily.
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- İndividuals scoring 2 or higher on the GHQ-12.
- Those with urinary incontinence problems.
- Individuals who have recently undergone surgical operations.
- Those who regularly practice yoga, pilates, or similar sports/exercises.
- Individuals with asthma, COPD, or heart conditions.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Laughter YogaStudents in the experimental group will participate in laughter yoga sessions conducted twice a week (Thursday and Friday) for four weeks, outside of class hours and in an indoor setting. | Behavioural | Experimental |
Primary outcome
General Health Questionnaire
Time frame: At the time of study enrollment (baseline)
The original version of the questionnaire, developed by David Goldberg in 1978, consists of 60 items and is used to determine the level of general psychopathology and to identify psychiatric cases in community surveys. All adaptations show high correlations with each other. .In this study, the GHQ-12, consisting of 12 items, was used. Each item asks about symptoms experienced over the past few weeks and has four response options: "not at all," "no more than usual," "rather more than usual," and "much more than usual." These four options are coded as 0 for "not at all," 1 for "no more than usual," 2 for "rather more than usual," and 3 for "much more than usual," or the administrator reads each item aloud and records the participant's response. In this study, the GHQ-type scoring used in Kılıç's (1996) validity and reliability study was applied. Therefore, participants with a GHQ-12 total score of 2 or higher are considered "cases requiring mental health assessment.
Student Information Form
Time frame: At the time of study enrollment (baseline)
Prepared by the researchers based on the literature, it includes questions such as age, parents' educational level, and voluntarily choosing the midwifery program.
Subjective Well-Being Scale
Time frame: At baseline (pre-test), immediately after the intervention (post-test), and at 1-month follow-up
Developed by Tuzgöl-Dost (2005), the scale aims to determine individuals' levels of subjective well-being by assessing their cognitive evaluations of life and the frequency and intensity of positive and negative emotions experienced. The scale consists of 46 items, 26 of which are positive and 20 negative statements. Negative items are reverse-scored. The total score ranges from 46 to 230, with higher scores indicating higher levels of subjective well-being. The scale uses a five-point Likert format: (5) Completely Agree, (4) Mostly Agree, (3) Partially Agree, (2) Slightly Agree, and (1) Strongly Disagree. To assess reliability, Cronbach's alpha coefficient and the test-retest method were used. Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient was found to be 0.93, and the test-retest reliability for the entire scale was 0.86. For validity, confirmatory factor analysis showed factor loadings between 0.32 and 0.63.
Psychological Well-Being Scale
Time frame: At baseline (pre-test), immediately after the intervention (post-test), and at 1-month follow-up
The Psychological Well-Being Scale was developed by Diener and colleagues (2009-2010) to complement existing well-being measures and to assess socio-psychological well-being. The Turkish adaptation of the scale was conducted by Telef (2011; 2013). Items on the Psychological Well-Being Scale are rated on a 7-point Likert scale, from 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree). All items are positively worded. Total scores range from 8 (if a respondent answers "strongly disagree" to all items) to 56 (if a respondent answers "strongly agree" to all items). Higher scores indicate that the individual possesses multiple psychological resources and strengths.
The Short Version of the Scales of General Well-Being
Time frame: At baseline (pre-test), immediately after the intervention (post-test), and at 1-month follow-up
The Short Version of the Scales of General Well-Being (SVSGW) was developed by Longo, Coyne, and Joseph. The validity and reliability of the Turkish version of this scale were established by Kalafatoğlu and Balcı Çelik. The scale is a single-factor instrument consisting of 13 items rated on a five-point Likert scale. The minimum possible score on the scale is 13 and the maximum score is 65. Higher scores indicate a higher level of general well-being. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the original scale was reported as 0.90.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 17 Apr 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes
Related trials for Well-Being, Psychological
Not yet recruiting
Enlace Familiar: Supporting the Mental Health of Latino Adolescents
Mental Health
Not yet recruiting
A Virtual Reality Program for Nursing Home Residents With Physical Disabilities
Older Adults Institutionalized in Residential Homes
Not yet recruiting
CannaRiver CBD Calm for Anxiety, Sleep, and Well-Being in Adults With Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Active, not recruitingObservational study
Gulf Long-Term Follow-Up Study
Cardiovascular Disease, Hematologic Diseases
Recruiting
Heat and Mental Health - PART 2
Depressed Mood, Young Adults
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Rumeysa ÖZAYABAKAN, Asst. Prof. study director
Agri Ibrahim Cecen University
Betül UNCU principal investigator
İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa
Ebru SOLMAZ principal investigator
Agri Ibrahim Cecen University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Laughter Yoga in people with Well-Being, Psychological and Laughter Yoga, run by Agri Ibrahim Cecen University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 17 Apr 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
General Health Questionnaire (time frame: At the time of study enrollment (baseline)). The study lists 5 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 17 Apr 2026.