Elderly (People Aged 65 or More)NCT07238595
Relationship Between Cervical Pain According to Cervical Proprioceptive Awareness Level in the Healthy Elderly
An observational study of Elderly (People Aged 65 or More), run by Suleyman Demirel University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
Aging is a progressive and irreversible process characterized by changes occurring at the cellular level, in organs and systems. Kinesiophobia in older adults is defined as a condition in which an individual is unable to perform movement due to fear of pain or injury. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 65 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Elderly (People Aged 65 or More)
- What is being tested?
- Cervical Joint Position Error Test (CJPE)
- How many people
- 120 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 29 Nov 2025to 15 Jun 2026
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 65 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Older adult
Study population: Older adults over 65 years with high cervical proprioceptive awareness in the study group
Who may be able to join
- age ≥ 65
- mini mental test score ≥ 24
- Being independent in physical functions
- Being able to read and write in Turkish
- Consent to participate in the study
Who cannot join
- Having a history of cervical surgery
- Experiencing cervical trauma within the past month
- Having neurological diseases such as dementia or Alzheimer's
- Having cognitive impairment
- Having other musculoskeletal problems that may affect the cervical region, such as impingement, thoracic outlet syndrome, or scoliosis
- Using assistive devices for walking and/or standing
Show all 11Show fewer
- Using more than four medications per day
- Having vision problems that are not corrected despite visual aids
- Having specific pathological conditions such as malignancy, fractures, or systemic rheumatoid disease
- Having a diagnosed psychiatric disorder
- Receiving medical treatment that may affect balance and posture
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
About this study
Official title: Relationship Between Cervical Pain, Functional Fitness, and Kinesiophobia According to Cervical Proprioceptive Awareness Level in the Healthy Elderly
Aging is a progressive and irreversible process characterized by changes occurring at the cellular level, in organs and systems. Kinesiophobia in older adults is defined as a condition in which an individual is unable to perform movement due to fear of pain or injury. Studies have shown that with increasing age, kinesiophobia also increases, leading to a decrease in physical activity. In older individuals with chronic neck pain, significant relationships have been found between kinesiophobia, proprioceptive position error (JPE), and functional performance. Kinesiophobia is strongly associated with pain intensity and stands out as an important factor that negatively affects proprioceptive perception and functional performance, particularly in neck extension and rotation movements (for example, handgrip strength).
In summary, decreased proprioception in older adults may lead to reduced functional fitness and increased kinesiophobia. This may cause the individual to avoid movement, leading to a vicious cycle in which proprioceptive sense and functional capacity further deteriorate. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between cervical pain, functional fitness, and kinesiophobia according to the level of cervical proprioceptive awareness in healthy older adults.At least 60 individuals with high proprioceptive awareness and 60 individuals with low cervical proprioceptive awareness will be included in the study. First, a sociodemographic data form will be completed. The Standardized Mini-Mental Test will be administered to assess the participants' cognitive functions. Then, the Cervical Joint Position Error Test will be used to evaluate the sense of position in the neck region. The Geriatric Pain Scale will be applied to assess the participants' pain levels; this scale is used to evaluate the intensity, quality, and impact of pain on daily living activities in older adults. Finally, the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia will be used to assess fear of movement. Participants will complete the 17-item self-report questionnaire under the supervision of a physiotherapist.
- Conditions
- Elderly (People Aged 65 or More)
- Being tested
- Cervical Joint Position Error Test (CJPE)
- Keywords
- Elderly, Cervical proprioception, Cervical pain, Functional Fitness, Kinesiophobia
- Medical subject headings
- Neck Pain, Kinesiophobia
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Cervical Joint Position Error Test (CJPE)Other
The Cervical Joint Position Error Test (CJPE) is a clinical assessment used to evaluate cervical proprioceptive awareness by measuring how accurately a person can reposition their head to a neutral position after active neck movements. During the test, a laser pointer attached to the participant's head projects onto a target, and the difference between the starting and returning points is recorded. Smaller errors indicate better proprioceptive control and joint position sense in the cervical region.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| older adults with high cervical proprioceptive awareness | In this study, several standardized assessments will be administered to evaluate different physical and cognitive parameters of older adults. Cognitive functions will be assessed using the Standardized Mini-Mental Test (SMMT). Cervical proprioceptive awareness will be measured with the Cervical Joint Position Error Test (CJPE), which uses a laser-guided system to assess joint position sense. Pain intensity, quality, and its impact on daily living activities will be evaluated with the Geriatric Pain Scale (GPS). Physical fitness parameters such as strength, balance, flexibility, and agility will be measured through the Senior Fitness Test (SFT), which includes multiple functional subtests. Finally, fear of movement related to pain will be assessed using the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK). All assessments will be conducted by a physiotherapist under standardized testing conditions. Receives: Other: Cervical Joint Position Error Test (CJPE) | |
| older adults with low cervical proprioceptive awareness | In this study, several standardized assessments will be administered to evaluate different physical and cognitive parameters of older adults. Cognitive functions will be assessed using the Standardized Mini-Mental Test (SMMT). Cervical proprioceptive awareness will be measured with the Cervical Joint Position Error Test (CJPE), which uses a laser-guided system to assess joint position sense. Pain intensity, quality, and its impact on daily living activities will be evaluated with the Geriatric Pain Scale (GPS). Physical fitness parameters such as strength, balance, flexibility, and agility will be measured through the Senior Fitness Test (SFT), which includes multiple functional subtests. Finally, fear of movement related to pain will be assessed using the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK). All assessments will be conducted by a physiotherapist under standardized testing conditions. Receives: Other: Cervical Joint Position Error Test (CJPE) |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Cervical Joint Position Error Test
The Cervical Joint Position Error Test is a clinical assessment used to evaluate cervical proprioceptive awareness by measuring how accurately a person can reposition their head to a neutral position after active neck movements. During the test, a laser pointer attached to the participant's head projects onto a target, and the difference between the starting and returning points is recorded. Smaller errors indicate better proprioceptive control and joint position sense in the cervical region.
Measured: one day
Cervical Joint Position Error Test (CJPE)
The Cervical Joint Position Error Test (CJPE) is a clinical assessment used to evaluate cervical proprioceptive awareness by measuring how accurately a person can reposition their head to a neutral position after active neck movements. During the test, a laser pointer attached to the participant's head projects onto a target, and the difference between the starting and returning points is recorded. Smaller errors indicate better proprioceptive control and joint position sense in the cervical region.
Measured: 1 day
Secondary outcomes (4)
Standardized Mini-Mental Test (SMMT)
The Standardized Mini-Mental Test (SMMT) is a brief cognitive assessment tool used to evaluate various aspects of mental function in older adults. It measures domains such as orientation, attention, memory, language, and visuospatial abilities, providing an overall score out of 30 points. Higher scores indicate normal cognitive function, while lower scores suggest different levels of cognitive impairment. The test takes approximately 10 minutes to administer and is widely used for screening cognitive status, particularly in identifying mild to severe cognitive decline.
Measured: one day
Geriatric Pain Scale
The Geriatric Pain Scale (GPS) is an assessment tool designed to evaluate pain intensity, quality, and its impact on daily living activities in older adults. It consists of multiple items that explore the frequency, duration, and nature of pain, as well as movement limitations and pain management strategies. The scale helps clinicians understand the overall pain experience of elderly individuals and its effect on their functional abilities. It is easy to administer, typically taking about 5-10 minutes, and provides valuable insight for developing appropriate pain management interventions.
Measured: one day
Senior Fitness Test (SFT)
The Senior Fitness Test (SFT) is a comprehensive assessment used to evaluate the physical fitness of older adults. It measures key components such as muscle strength, flexibility, balance, agility, and cardiovascular endurance through a series of functional subtests, including chair stands, arm curls, walking tests, and reach or flexibility tasks. The SFT provides objective information about an individual's functional abilities, helping to identify areas that may benefit from targeted exercise or rehabilitation programs.
Measured: one day
Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia
The Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK) is a self-report questionnaire designed to assess fear of movement or reinjury due to pain. It consists of 17 items rated on a 4-point Likert scale, measuring the degree to which individuals avoid physical activity because of pain-related anxiety. The TSK helps clinicians identify patients at risk of activity limitation and guides interventions to reduce fear-avoidance behaviors, ultimately supporting improved functional outcomes.
Measured: one day
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted20 Nov 2025
- Study start29 Nov 2025 (estimated)
- Primary completion30 Mar 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion15 Jun 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Elderly (People Aged 65 or More)Studies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
- Enrolment
- 120 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Suleyman Demirel University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Melik AVCI, Suleyman Demirel University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07238595
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- SuleymanDU
- Status last verified
- Nov 2025
- First submitted
- 16 Nov 2025
- Last updated
- 20 Nov 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Alahmari KA, Reddy RS, Silvian P, Ahmad I, Nagaraj V, Mahtab M. Influence of chronic neck pain on cervical joint position error (JPE): Comparison between young and elderly subjects. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2017 Nov 6;30(6):1265-1271. doi: 10.3233/BMR-169630.
PubMed 28800305
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 20 Nov 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Relationship Between Cervical Pain, Functional Fitness, and Kinesiophobia According to Cervical Proprioceptive Awareness Level in the Healthy Elderly
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07238595
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- SuleymanDU
- Conditions
- Elderly (People Aged 65 or More)
- Keywords
- Elderly, Cervical proprioception, Cervical pain, Functional Fitness, Kinesiophobia
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Enrolling by invitation
- Enrolment
- 120 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Suleyman Demirel UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 29 Nov 2025 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- 30 Mar 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 15 Jun 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 20 Nov 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Aging is a progressive and irreversible process characterized by changes occurring at the cellular level, in organs and systems. Kinesiophobia in older adults is defined as a condition in which an individual is unable to perform movement due to fear of pain or injury. Studies have shown that with increasing age, kinesiophobia also increases, leading to a decrease in physical activity. In older individuals with chronic neck pain, significant relationships have been found between kinesiophobia, proprioceptive position error (JPE), and functional performance. Kinesiophobia is strongly associated with pain intensity and stands out as an important factor that negatively affects proprioceptive perception and functional performance, particularly in neck extension and rotation movements (for example, handgrip strength).
In summary, decreased proprioception in older adults may lead to reduced functional fitness and increased kinesiophobia. This may cause the individual to avoid movement, leading to a vicious cycle in which proprioceptive sense and functional capacity further deteriorate. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between cervical pain, functional fitness, and kinesiophobia according to the level of cervical proprioceptive awareness in healthy older adults.At least 60 individuals with high proprioceptive awareness and 60 individuals with low cervical proprioceptive awareness will be included in the study. First, a sociodemographic data form will be completed. The Standardized Mini-Mental Test will be administered to assess the participants' cognitive functions. Then, the Cervical Joint Position Error Test will be used to evaluate the sense of position in the neck region. The Geriatric Pain Scale will be applied to assess the participants' pain levels; this scale is used to evaluate the intensity, quality, and impact of pain on daily living activities in older adults. Finally, the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia will be used to assess fear of movement. Participants will complete the 17-item self-report questionnaire under the supervision of a physiotherapist.
Study design
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| older adults with high cervical proprioceptive awareness | – | Other: Cervical Joint Position Error Test (CJPE)In this study, several standardized assessments will be administered to evaluate different physical and cognitive parameters of older adults. Cognitive functions will be assessed using the Standardized Mini-Mental Test (SMMT). Cervical proprioceptive awareness will be measured with the Cervical Joint Position Error Test (CJPE), which uses a laser-guided system to assess joint position sense. Pain intensity, quality, and its impact on daily living activities will be evaluated with the Geriatric Pain Scale (GPS). Physical fitness parameters such as strength, balance, flexibility, and agility will be measured through the Senior Fitness Test (SFT), which includes multiple functional subtests. Finally, fear of movement related to pain will be assessed using the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK). All assessments will be conducted by a physiotherapist under standardized testing conditions. |
| older adults with low cervical proprioceptive awareness | – | Other: Cervical Joint Position Error Test (CJPE)In this study, several standardized assessments will be administered to evaluate different physical and cognitive parameters of older adults. Cognitive functions will be assessed using the Standardized Mini-Mental Test (SMMT). Cervical proprioceptive awareness will be measured with the Cervical Joint Position Error Test (CJPE), which uses a laser-guided system to assess joint position sense. Pain intensity, quality, and its impact on daily living activities will be evaluated with the Geriatric Pain Scale (GPS). Physical fitness parameters such as strength, balance, flexibility, and agility will be measured through the Senior Fitness Test (SFT), which includes multiple functional subtests. Finally, fear of movement related to pain will be assessed using the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK). All assessments will be conducted by a physiotherapist under standardized testing conditions. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 65 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Older adult
- Study population
- Older adults over 65 years with high cervical proprioceptive awareness in the study group
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- age ≥ 65
- mini mental test score ≥ 24
- Being independent in physical functions
- Being able to read and write in Turkish
- Consent to participate in the study
Key exclusion criteria (11 listed)
- Having a history of cervical surgery
- Experiencing cervical trauma within the past month
- Having neurological diseases such as dementia or Alzheimer's
- Having cognitive impairment
- Having other musculoskeletal problems that may affect the cervical region, such as impingement, thoracic outlet syndrome, or scoliosis
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Cervical Joint Position Error Test (CJPE)The Cervical Joint Position Error Test (CJPE) is a clinical assessment used to evaluate cervical proprioceptive awareness by measuring how accurately a person can reposition their head to a neutral position after active neck movements. During the test, a laser pointer attached to the participant's head projects onto a target, and the difference between the starting and returning points is recorded. Smaller errors indicate better proprioceptive control and joint position sense in the cervical region. | Other | older adults with high cervical proprioceptive awareness, older adults with low cervical proprioceptive awareness |
Primary outcome
Cervical Joint Position Error Test
Time frame: one day
The Cervical Joint Position Error Test is a clinical assessment used to evaluate cervical proprioceptive awareness by measuring how accurately a person can reposition their head to a neutral position after active neck movements. During the test, a laser pointer attached to the participant's head projects onto a target, and the difference between the starting and returning points is recorded. Smaller errors indicate better proprioceptive control and joint position sense in the cervical region.
Cervical Joint Position Error Test (CJPE)
Time frame: 1 day
The Cervical Joint Position Error Test (CJPE) is a clinical assessment used to evaluate cervical proprioceptive awareness by measuring how accurately a person can reposition their head to a neutral position after active neck movements. During the test, a laser pointer attached to the participant's head projects onto a target, and the difference between the starting and returning points is recorded. Smaller errors indicate better proprioceptive control and joint position sense in the cervical region.
4 secondary outcomes
Standardized Mini-Mental Test (SMMT)
Time frame: one day
Geriatric Pain Scale
Time frame: one day
Senior Fitness Test (SFT)
Time frame: one day
Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia
Time frame: one day
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 20 Nov 2025.
- Results publication: PubMed 28800305Alahmari KA, Reddy RS, Silvian P, Ahmad I, Nagaraj V, Mahtab M. Influence of chronic neck pain on cervical joint position error (JPE): Comparison between young and elderly subjects. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2017 Nov 6;30(6):1265-1271. doi: 10.3233/BMR-169630.
- Proprioceptive sensibility in the elderly: degeneration, functional consequences and plastic-adaptive processesLink provided by the sponsor.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Elderly (People Aged 65 or More), run by Suleyman Demirel University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 11 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: enrolling by invitation, as of the sponsor's last update on 20 Nov 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Cervical Joint Position Error Test (time frame: one day). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07238595, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 20 Nov 2025.