StrokeNCT07248618
Comparison of TTE and LTTBT on Trunk Control, Balance and ADL's in Stroke Patients
A study testing Trunk Training Exercises and Lateral Truncal Tilt Balance Training in people with Stroke, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
To compare the effects of trunk training exercises and lateral truncal tilt balance training on trunk control, balance and activities of daily living in stroke patients.The primary outcome measures used to evaluate the efficacy of each training approach will include the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, assessing mobility… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 40 to 75 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Stroke
- What is being tested?
- Trunk Training Exercises and Lateral Truncal Tilt Balance Training
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 44 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- 17 Oct 2024to 30 Dec 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 40 to 75 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Patients with ischemic stroke
- Both male and females
- Age 40-75 years
- Patients diagnosed with sub-acute stroke after six months to 1.5 years of diagnosis
- Patients able to walk 10 meters independently
- Score less than 21 on trunk impairment scale
- Patients with score 24 or more on MMSE
Who cannot join
- Patients with score more than 2 on modified Ashworth scale will be excluded
- Chronic patients will not be included in the study.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Pakistan1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Jinnah hospital
Lahore, Punjab Province, 54550
Hafsa Fayyaz, MS-NMPT, 0322-9425544, hafsa.fayyaz78690@gmail.com
Fatima Tariq, MS-NMPT, O334-4255033, fatima.tariq@riphah.edu.pk
About this study
Official title: Comparison of Trunk Training Exercises and Lateral Truncal Tilt Balance Training on Trunk Control, Balance and Activities of Daily Living in Stroke Patients
To compare the effects of trunk training exercises and lateral truncal tilt balance training on trunk control, balance and activities of daily living in stroke patients.The primary outcome measures used to evaluate the efficacy of each training approach will include the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, assessing mobility and fall risk; the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), which measures functional balance; and the Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS), evaluating trunk control and coordination.
Read the detailed description
Stroke is a significant cause of disability globally, affecting millions each year. Stroke patients frequently experience impairments in trunk control and balance, critical factors for independence in activities of daily living (ADLs). Two promising therapeutic approaches include Trunk Training Exercises (TTE) focusing on core stability and Lateral Truncal Tilt Balance Training (LTT), which targets balance and postural alignment through controlled lateral movements. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of these two interventions in improving trunk control, balance, and ADLs in stroke patients, potentially leading to optimized rehabilitation practices. A randomized clinical trial will be conducted at Jinnah Hospital, Lahore. Participants aged 40 75, diagnosed with sub-acute stroke, will be randomly assigned to one of two groups: Group A, which will undergo trunk training exercises (TTE), and Group B, which will receive lateral truncal tilt balance training (LTT). Each intervention will last for eight weeks and thrice a week, with a session of 45 minutes including warm-up exercises, main exercises and cool down period during which participants will engage in their respective training regimens. To assess the impact of these interventions, baseline measurements will be taken prior to the intervention and compared to post-intervention results. The primary outcome measures used to evaluate the efficacy of each training approach will include the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, assessing mobility and fall risk; the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), which measures functional balance; and the Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS), evaluating trunk control and coordination. Data analysis will be conducted using SPSS software (version 25). To determine the distribution of data, the Shapiro-Wilk Test will be performed. If the data is not normally distributed, the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test will be used to analyze within-group differences, while the Mann-Whitney U Test will assess differences between groups at each interval. For normally distributed data, Paired Sample T-tests will compare pre- and post-intervention scores within each group, and Independent Sample T-tests will evaluate changes between groups.
Inclusion criteria is:
Patients with ischemic stroke Both male and females Age 40-75 years Patients diagnosed with sub-acute stroke after six months to 1.5 years of diagnosis Patients able to walk 10 meters independently Score less than 21 on trunk impairment scale Patients with score 24 or more on MMSE
Exclusion criteria is:
Patients with score more than 2 on modified Ashworth scale will be excluded Chronic patients will not be included in the study.
- Conditions
- Stroke
- Being tested
- Trunk Training Exercises, Lateral Truncal Tilt Balance Training
- Medical subject headings
- Stroke
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Trunk Training ExercisesOther
Group A will undergo a structured trunk training exercise program focused on strengthening the core muscles involved in trunk control. This program will include both dynamic and static exercises targeting trunk flexion, extension, and rotation, which are critical for improving postural stability and overall trunk coordination.
Frequency: Sessions will be conducted three times per week for the duration of 8 weeks.
Session Duration: Each session will last approximately 45 minutes, including a warm-up, main exercises, and a cool-down period.
Lateral Truncal Tilt Balance TrainingOther
Group B will follow a lateral truncal tilt balance training program focusing on balance improvement through lateral stability exercises. This training emphasizes body tilts and weight shifts to encourage trunk control and postural alignment, particularly targeting the common lateral asymmetries observed in stroke patients.
Frequency: Sessions will be conducted three times per week for 8 weeks. Session Duration: Each session will last approximately 45 minutes, including warm-up, main exercises, and a cool-down period.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Trunk Training Exercises | Active comparator | Core Stabilization Exercises, dynamic trunk exercises, bridging exercises Receives: Other: Trunk Training Exercises |
| Lateral Truncal Tilt Balance Training | Experimental | Seated lateral tilts, Standing Lateral Weight Shifts, balance board tilts, Stability Ball Exercises, lateral Reaches on Unstable Surface Receives: Other: Lateral Truncal Tilt Balance Training |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Timed up and go test (TUG)
The Timed Up and Go (TUG) test is a simple and widely used assessment to evaluate a person's mobility, balance, and risk of falling, particularly in older adults and individuals with neurological conditions like stroke. A time of under 10 seconds is typically considered normal for healthy adults, while times over 12-14 seconds may indicate a higher risk of falls and impaired mobility. It has good validity and reliability ranging from 0.80-0.83
Measured: 1-2 min
Secondary outcomes (1)
Berg balance scale (BBS)
. The scale consists of 14 functional tasks, such as standing from a seated position, reaching forward, standing with eyes closed, and turning 360 degrees. Each task is scored on a 5-point scale from 0 (unable to perform) to 4 (normal performance), yielding a maximum score of 56, with lower scores indicating a greater risk of falling (20).
Measured: 15 to 20 min
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted25 Nov 2025
- Study start17 Oct 2024
- Primary completion30 Nov 2025 (estimated)
- Study completion30 Dec 2025 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (12)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for StrokeStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Riphah International UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Investigator
- Enrolment
- 44 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Aruba Saeed, Phd*, Principal investigator, Riphah International University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07248618
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- REC/02102
- Status last verified
- Nov 2025
- First submitted
- 18 Nov 2025
- Last updated
- 25 Nov 2025
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Tu WJ, Wang LD; Special Writing Group of China Stroke Surveillance Report. China stroke surveillance report 2021. Mil Med Res. 2023 Jul 19;10(1):33. doi: 10.1186/s40779-023-00463-x.
PubMed 37468952Murphy SJ, Werring DJ. Stroke: causes and clinical features. Medicine (Abingdon). 2020 Sep;48(9):561-566. doi: 10.1016/j.mpmed.2020.06.002. Epub 2020 Aug 6.
PubMed 32837228Lee K. The Relationship of Trunk Muscle Activation and Core Stability: A Biomechanical Analysis of Pilates-Based Stabilization Exercise. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Dec 4;18(23):12804. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182312804.
PubMed 34886530Karthikbabu S, Verheyden G. Relationship between trunk control, core muscle strength and balance confidence in community-dwelling patients with chronic stroke. Top Stroke Rehabil. 2021 Mar;28(2):88-95. doi: 10.1080/10749357.2020.1783896. Epub 2020 Jun 23.
PubMed 32574524Pellicciari L, Sodero A, Campagnini S, Guolo E, Basagni B, Castagnoli C, Hochleitner I, Paperini A, Gnetti B, Avila L, Romano E, Grippo A, Hakiki B, Carrozza MC, Mannini A, Macchi C, Cecchi F. Factors influencing trunk control recovery after intensive rehabilitation in post-stroke patients: a multicentre prospective study. Top Stroke Rehabil. 2023 Mar;30(2):109-118. doi: 10.1080/10749357.2021.2016099. Epub 2022 Jan 7.
PubMed 34994302Martins LG, Molle da Costa RD, Alvarez Sartor LC, Thomaz de Souza J, Winckler FC, Regina da Silva T, Modolo GP, Nunes HRC, Bazan SGZ, Martin LC, Luvizutto GJ, Bazan R. Clinical factors associated with trunk control after stroke: A prospective study. Top Stroke Rehabil. 2021 Apr;28(3):181-189. doi: 10.1080/10749357.2020.1805244. Epub 2020 Aug 10.
PubMed 32772828Lee K, Lee D, Hong S, Shin D, Jeong S, Shin H, Choi W, An S, Lee G. The relationship between sitting balance, trunk control and mobility with predictive for current mobility level in survivors of sub-acute stroke. PLoS One. 2021 Aug 5;16(8):e0251977. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251977. eCollection 2021.
PubMed 34351943Sawa K, Amimoto K, Ishigami K, Miyamoto T, Setoyama C, Suzuki R, Nozomi K, Tamura M, Miyagami M. Efficacy of lateral truncal tilt training with a wedge on postural vertical and activities of daily living in recovery phase after stroke: A randomized crossover trial. NeuroRehabilitation. 2022;51(1):33-40. doi: 10.3233/NRE-210255.
PubMed 35275567De Luca A, Squeri V, Barone LM, Vernetti Mansin H, Ricci S, Pisu I, Cassiano C, Capra C, Lentino C, De Michieli L, Sanfilippo CA, Saglia JA, Checchia GA. Dynamic Stability and Trunk Control Improvements Following Robotic Balance and Core Stability Training in Chronic Stroke Survivors: A Pilot Study. Front Neurol. 2020 Jun 17;11:494. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00494. eCollection 2020.
PubMed 32625162Shalash A, Fayed ZY, Hamid E, Radwan H, Nada MA, Eid M, Abdel Ghany WA. Outcome of pallidal stimulation of idiopathic generalized dystonia with predominant mobile truncal dystonia: case report. Int J Neurosci. 2022 May;132(5):429-433. doi: 10.1080/00207454.2020.1818743. Epub 2020 Sep 16.
PubMed 32886009Tamura S, Miyata K, Kobayashi S, Takeda R, Iwamoto H. The minimal clinically important difference in Berg Balance Scale scores among patients with early subacute stroke: a multicenter, retrospective, observational study. Top Stroke Rehabil. 2022 Sep;29(6):423-429. doi: 10.1080/10749357.2021.1943800. Epub 2021 Jun 25.
PubMed 34169808Jin X, Wang L, Liu S, Zhu L, Loprinzi PD, Fan X. The Impact of Mind-body Exercises on Motor Function, Depressive Symptoms, and Quality of Life in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Dec 18;17(1):31. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17010031.
PubMed 31861456
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 25 Nov 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Comparison of Trunk Training Exercises and Lateral Truncal Tilt Balance Training on Trunk Control, Balance and Activities of Daily Living in Stroke Patients
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07248618
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- REC/02102
- Conditions
- Stroke
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 44 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 17 Oct 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 30 Nov 2025 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 30 Dec 2025 (estimated)
- First posted
- 25 Nov 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
To compare the effects of trunk training exercises and lateral truncal tilt balance training on trunk control, balance and activities of daily living in stroke patients.The primary outcome measures used to evaluate the efficacy of each training approach will include the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, assessing mobility and fall risk; the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), which measures functional balance; and the Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS), evaluating trunk control and coordination.
Detailed description
Stroke is a significant cause of disability globally, affecting millions each year. Stroke patients frequently experience impairments in trunk control and balance, critical factors for independence in activities of daily living (ADLs). Two promising therapeutic approaches include Trunk Training Exercises (TTE) focusing on core stability and Lateral Truncal Tilt Balance Training (LTT), which targets balance and postural alignment through controlled lateral movements. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of these two interventions in improving trunk control, balance, and ADLs in stroke patients, potentially leading to optimized rehabilitation practices. A randomized clinical trial will be conducted at Jinnah Hospital, Lahore. Participants aged 40 75, diagnosed with sub-acute stroke, will be randomly assigned to one of two groups: Group A, which will undergo trunk training exercises (TTE), and Group B, which will receive lateral truncal tilt balance training (LTT). Each intervention will last for eight weeks and thrice a week, with a session of 45 minutes including warm-up exercises, main exercises and cool down period during which participants will engage in their respective training regimens. To assess the impact of these interventions, baseline measurements will be taken prior to the intervention and compared to post-intervention results. The primary outcome measures used to evaluate the efficacy of each training approach will include the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, assessing mobility and fall risk; the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), which measures functional balance; and the Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS), evaluating trunk control and coordination. Data analysis will be conducted using SPSS software (version 25). To determine the distribution of data, the Shapiro-Wilk Test will be performed. If the data is not normally distributed, the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test will be used to analyze within-group differences, while the Mann-Whitney U Test will assess differences between groups at each interval. For normally distributed data, Paired Sample T-tests will compare pre- and post-intervention scores within each group, and Independent Sample T-tests will evaluate changes between groups.
Inclusion criteria is:
Patients with ischemic stroke Both male and females Age 40-75 years Patients diagnosed with sub-acute stroke after six months to 1.5 years of diagnosis Patients able to walk 10 meters independently Score less than 21 on trunk impairment scale Patients with score 24 or more on MMSE
Exclusion criteria is:
Patients with score more than 2 on modified Ashworth scale will be excluded Chronic patients will not be included in the study.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, investigator)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Trunk Training Exercises | Active comparator | Other: Trunk Training ExercisesCore Stabilization Exercises, dynamic trunk exercises, bridging exercises |
| Lateral Truncal Tilt Balance Training | Experimental | Other: Lateral Truncal Tilt Balance TrainingSeated lateral tilts, Standing Lateral Weight Shifts, balance board tilts, Stability Ball Exercises, lateral Reaches on Unstable Surface |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 40 to 75 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (7 listed)
- Patients with ischemic stroke
- Both male and females
- Age 40-75 years
- Patients diagnosed with sub-acute stroke after six months to 1.5 years of diagnosis
- Patients able to walk 10 meters independently
Key exclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Patients with score more than 2 on modified Ashworth scale will be excluded
- Chronic patients will not be included in the study.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Trunk Training ExercisesGroup A will undergo a structured trunk training exercise program focused on strengthening the core muscles involved in trunk control. This program will include both dynamic and static exercises targeting trunk flexion, extension, and rotation, which are critical for improving postural stability and overall trunk coordination. Frequency: Sessions will be conducted three times per week for the duration of 8 weeks. Session Duration: Each session will last approximately 45 minutes, including a warm-up, main exercises, and a cool-down period. | Other | Trunk Training Exercises |
| Lateral Truncal Tilt Balance TrainingGroup B will follow a lateral truncal tilt balance training program focusing on balance improvement through lateral stability exercises. This training emphasizes body tilts and weight shifts to encourage trunk control and postural alignment, particularly targeting the common lateral asymmetries observed in stroke patients. Frequency: Sessions will be conducted three times per week for 8 weeks. Session Duration: Each session will last approximately 45 minutes, including warm-up, main exercises, and a cool-down period. | Other | Lateral Truncal Tilt Balance Training |
Primary outcome
Timed up and go test (TUG)
Time frame: 1-2 min
The Timed Up and Go (TUG) test is a simple and widely used assessment to evaluate a person's mobility, balance, and risk of falling, particularly in older adults and individuals with neurological conditions like stroke. A time of under 10 seconds is typically considered normal for healthy adults, while times over 12-14 seconds may indicate a higher risk of falls and impaired mobility. It has good validity and reliability ranging from 0.80-0.83
1 secondary outcome
Berg balance scale (BBS)
Time frame: 15 to 20 min
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 25 Nov 2025.
- Background: PubMed 37468952Tu WJ, Wang LD; Special Writing Group of China Stroke Surveillance Report. China stroke surveillance report 2021. Mil Med Res. 2023 Jul 19;10(1):33. doi: 10.1186/s40779-023-00463-x.
- Background: PubMed 32837228Murphy SJ, Werring DJ. Stroke: causes and clinical features. Medicine (Abingdon). 2020 Sep;48(9):561-566. doi: 10.1016/j.mpmed.2020.06.002. Epub 2020 Aug 6.
- Background: PubMed 34886530Lee K. The Relationship of Trunk Muscle Activation and Core Stability: A Biomechanical Analysis of Pilates-Based Stabilization Exercise. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Dec 4;18(23):12804. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182312804.
- Background: PubMed 32574524Karthikbabu S, Verheyden G. Relationship between trunk control, core muscle strength and balance confidence in community-dwelling patients with chronic stroke. Top Stroke Rehabil. 2021 Mar;28(2):88-95. doi: 10.1080/10749357.2020.1783896. Epub 2020 Jun 23.
- Background: PubMed 34994302Pellicciari L, Sodero A, Campagnini S, Guolo E, Basagni B, Castagnoli C, Hochleitner I, Paperini A, Gnetti B, Avila L, Romano E, Grippo A, Hakiki B, Carrozza MC, Mannini A, Macchi C, Cecchi F. Factors influencing trunk control recovery after intensive rehabilitation in post-stroke patients: a multicentre prospective study. Top Stroke Rehabil. 2023 Mar;30(2):109-118. doi: 10.1080/10749357.2021.2016099. Epub 2022 Jan 7.
- Background: PubMed 32772828Martins LG, Molle da Costa RD, Alvarez Sartor LC, Thomaz de Souza J, Winckler FC, Regina da Silva T, Modolo GP, Nunes HRC, Bazan SGZ, Martin LC, Luvizutto GJ, Bazan R. Clinical factors associated with trunk control after stroke: A prospective study. Top Stroke Rehabil. 2021 Apr;28(3):181-189. doi: 10.1080/10749357.2020.1805244. Epub 2020 Aug 10.
- Background: PubMed 34351943Lee K, Lee D, Hong S, Shin D, Jeong S, Shin H, Choi W, An S, Lee G. The relationship between sitting balance, trunk control and mobility with predictive for current mobility level in survivors of sub-acute stroke. PLoS One. 2021 Aug 5;16(8):e0251977. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251977. eCollection 2021.
- Background: PubMed 35275567Sawa K, Amimoto K, Ishigami K, Miyamoto T, Setoyama C, Suzuki R, Nozomi K, Tamura M, Miyagami M. Efficacy of lateral truncal tilt training with a wedge on postural vertical and activities of daily living in recovery phase after stroke: A randomized crossover trial. NeuroRehabilitation. 2022;51(1):33-40. doi: 10.3233/NRE-210255.
- Background: PubMed 32625162De Luca A, Squeri V, Barone LM, Vernetti Mansin H, Ricci S, Pisu I, Cassiano C, Capra C, Lentino C, De Michieli L, Sanfilippo CA, Saglia JA, Checchia GA. Dynamic Stability and Trunk Control Improvements Following Robotic Balance and Core Stability Training in Chronic Stroke Survivors: A Pilot Study. Front Neurol. 2020 Jun 17;11:494. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00494. eCollection 2020.
- Background: PubMed 32886009Shalash A, Fayed ZY, Hamid E, Radwan H, Nada MA, Eid M, Abdel Ghany WA. Outcome of pallidal stimulation of idiopathic generalized dystonia with predominant mobile truncal dystonia: case report. Int J Neurosci. 2022 May;132(5):429-433. doi: 10.1080/00207454.2020.1818743. Epub 2020 Sep 16.
- Background: PubMed 34169808Tamura S, Miyata K, Kobayashi S, Takeda R, Iwamoto H. The minimal clinically important difference in Berg Balance Scale scores among patients with early subacute stroke: a multicenter, retrospective, observational study. Top Stroke Rehabil. 2022 Sep;29(6):423-429. doi: 10.1080/10749357.2021.1943800. Epub 2021 Jun 25.
- Background: PubMed 31861456Jin X, Wang L, Liu S, Zhu L, Loprinzi PD, Fan X. The Impact of Mind-body Exercises on Motor Function, Depressive Symptoms, and Quality of Life in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Dec 18;17(1):31. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17010031.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Aruba Saeed, Phd* principal investigator
Riphah International University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Trunk Training Exercises and Lateral Truncal Tilt Balance Training in people with Stroke, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 7 inclusion and 2 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 25 Nov 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Hafsa Fayyaz, MS-NMPT (03229425544, hafsa.fayyaz78690@gamil.com), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Timed up and go test (TUG) (time frame: 1-2 min). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07248618, which also lists 12 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 25 Nov 2025.