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Chronic Ankle InstabilityNCT07255625

Effect of Stroboscopic Balance Training on Chronic Ankle Instability in Volleyball Players

A study testing Balance training with stroboscopic glasses and Traditional Balance Training in people with Chronic Ankle Instability, run by Biruni University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

Effect of Stroboscopic Balance Training on Chronic Ankle Instability in Volleyball Players Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 16 to 26 years, women only
Conditions the study is for
Chronic Ankle Instability
What is being tested?
Balance training with stroboscopic glasses and Traditional Balance Training
Type of treatment
Medical device
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
24 participants
Where
1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
Study dates
20 Dec 2025to 1 Mar 2026
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 16 to 26 years
  • Women only
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Child, Adult

Who may be able to join

  • Were professional female volleyball players.
  • Had a history of at least two episodes of pain and swelling in the same ankle.
  • Experienced at least one ankle sprain within the last six months.
  • Exhibited persistent symptoms during functional activities and were free from symptoms related to any previous lower-extremity injuries.
  • Reported a feeling of instability in the ankle joint.
  • Had no other lower-extremity musculoskeletal injuries in the past six months.

Who cannot join

  • Reported any vestibular or balance-related dysfunction.
  • Had any systemic disease.
  • Experienced an acute ankle sprain within the past six weeks.
  • Had a history of fractures in the lower extremities.

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
  • Biruni University

    Fatih, İ̇stanbul

Other trials in Turkey (Türkiye)

About this study

Official title: Investigation of the Efficacy of Balance Training Program Applied With Stroboscopic Glasses in Female Volleyball Players With Chronic Ankle Instability

Effect of Stroboscopic Balance Training on Chronic Ankle Instability in Volleyball Players

Read the detailed description

Ankle sprains are among the most common injuries in both athletes and the general population. A large-scale systematic review reported that ankle sprains account for approximately 80% of injuries occurring among athletes in most sports. Among volleyball players, ankle sprains are the most prevalent injury, constituting about 41% of all volleyball-related injuries. In athletes, performing certain technical or sport-specific tasks that require attention, such as running, sudden changes of direction, or landing, is associated with an increased risk of ankle sprain. Approximately 20% of acute ankle sprains progress to chronic conditions. Chronic ankle sprains lead to serious proprioceptive dysfunctions, including deficits in joint position sense and delayed peroneal muscle reaction time, resulting in significant ankle instability and balance impairment. Balance training in individuals with chronic ankle instability is concerned with improving postural control and has been recognized as an effective therapeutic approach for this population. Although there is evidence supporting the effectiveness of balance training in improving sensorimotor deficits in individuals with chronic ankle instability, including static and dynamic postural stability, muscle strength, and reinjury rates, reliance on visual information remains unchanged after conventional rehabilitation. The inability of visual input to utilize somatosensory feedback from the ankle joint has been identified as a factor contributing to recurrent ankle sprains in these individuals. Conventional interventions for chronic ankle instability do not address the need to correct altered somatosensory deficits following an ankle sprain. Therefore, a specific treatment option focusing on this neurophysiological dysfunction would be beneficial for these patients. Kim et al. reported the effect of stroboscopic vision in reactivating visual input in individuals with chronic ankle instability. Stroboscopic vision involves the use of special glasses in which the lenses alternate between transparent and opaque at intervals of 100 milliseconds, thereby reducing visual feedback. Balance training with stroboscopic glasses offers a different approach compared to conventional balance training. Stroboscopic balance training is a technique aimed at manipulating visual perception. In this method, the stroboscopic glasses intermittently block light, affecting the brain's processing of visual information. Consequently, the brain must process seen objects less continuously and less clearly. Stroboscopic glasses make rapid movements and changing situations more difficult to perceive, thereby challenging the balance system further. Conventional balance training, on the other hand, involves methods used to improve static and dynamic balance skills. This training approach aims to strengthen the balance mechanism through the use of specialized balance devices, exercises, and techniques. For example, balance boards, balance pads, trampolines, and various movement exercises are commonly used tools in conventional balance training. This method works on factors such as muscle strength, postural control, and coordination to improve static and dynamic balance control. The main difference between balance training with stroboscopic glasses and conventional balance training is the use of glasses that manipulate visual perception. These glasses challenge the brain's processing, thereby providing greater stimulation to the balance mechanism. In contrast, conventional balance training uses general exercises and tools to improve balance skills and does not focus on altering visual perception. Stroboscopic glasses have previously been used to improve sports performance in baseball players with positive results. They have also been incorporated into rehabilitation programs for individuals with chronic ankle instability, demonstrating beneficial outcomes. Although chronic ankle instability is a common problem among volleyball players, to our knowledge, no study has investigated a rehabilitation program using stroboscopic balance training in female volleyball players with chronic ankle instability.

Being tested
Balance training with stroboscopic glasses, Traditional Balance Training
Keywords
chronic ankle instability, stroboscopic glasses, balance training, volleyball athletes

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • Balance training with stroboscopic glassesDevice

    Participants in Group A completed a supervised, multi-modal balance training program while wearing Senaptec stroboscopic glasses (Beaverton, Oregon), set to a duty cycle of 100 ms transparent followed by 150 ms opaque. The glasses use liquid crystal lenses that alternate between clear and nearly opaque states when electrically activated and can operate in both binocular and monocular modes, with settings adjustable via a Bluetooth application. The program, targeting static and dynamic balance in individuals with chronic ankle instability, consisted of six progressively challenging exercises performed indoors, barefoot, in small groups, lasting approximately 20 minutes per session, twice weekly for eight weeks. Exercises were completed in two sets with 30-second rests between exercises and 2-minute rests between sets, and progression was adjusted based on participant performance.

  • Traditional Balance TrainingOther

    The intervention consisted of a supervised, multi-modal balance training program targeting differentaspects of static and dynamic balance for participants with chronic ankle instability. The program included six progressively challenging exercises, administered under the supervision of a physiotherapist. Each session lasted approximately 20 minutes, and participants completed two sessions per week for eight weeks.

    The training was conducted indoors, barefoot, in small groups, with exercises performed in two sets, including 30-second rests between exercises and 2-minute rests between sets. Progression was implemented according to participants' performance throughout the program.

Study groups in NCT07255625
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Stroboscopic Glassess GroupExperimentalThe athletes assigned to Group A underwent an eight-week balance training program using stroboscopic glasses, conducted twice a week under the supervision of a physiotherapist.
Receives: Device: Balance training with stroboscopic glasses
Control GroupActive comparatorThe athletes assigned to Group B underwent an eight-week traditional balance training program, conducted twice a week under the supervision of a physiotherapist.
Receives: Other: Traditional Balance Training

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Dynamic Balance Assessments

    Y Balance Test

    Measured: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks

  2. Dynamic Balance Assessments

    Performanze Balance System

    Measured: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks

Secondary outcomes (5)
  1. Vertical Jump Test

    Measured: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks

  2. Single Leg Hop Test

    Measured: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks

  3. Active Joint Position Sense

    Measured: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks

  4. Functional Assessments - Foot and Ankle Ability Measure-Sports Subscale (FAAM-Sport)

    Measured: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks

  5. Functional Assessments - Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool

    Measured: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted1 Dec 2025
  2. Study start20 Dec 2025
  3. Primary completion20 Feb 2026
  4. Study completion1 Mar 2026

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Prevention
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Masking
Single blind
Who is masked
Outcomes assessor
Enrolment
24 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT07255625
Sponsor's protocol ID
5
Status last verified
Mar 2026
First submitted
20 Nov 2025
Last updated
3 Mar 2026
Results posted
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
Undecided

Publications

  • Anaforoglu Kulunkoglu B, Celik D. Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Version of Foot and Ankle Ability Measure for Patients With Chronic Ankle Disability. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2019 Jan;58(1):38-41. doi: 10.1053/j.jfas.2018.07.007. Epub 2018 Nov 15.

    PubMed 30448187
  • Goble DJ. Proprioceptive acuity assessment via joint position matching: from basic science to general practice. Phys Ther. 2010 Aug;90(8):1176-84. doi: 10.2522/ptj.20090399. Epub 2010 Jun 3.

    PubMed 20522675
  • Carcia CR, Martin RL, Drouin JM. Validity of the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure in athletes with chronic ankle instability. J Athl Train. 2008 Apr-Jun;43(2):179-83. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-43.2.179.

    PubMed 18345343
  • Haynes T, Bishop C, Antrobus M, Brazier J. The validity and reliability of the My Jump 2 app for measuring the reactive strength index and drop jump performance. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2019 Feb;59(2):253-258. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.18.08195-1. Epub 2018 Mar 27.

    PubMed 29589412
  • Shaffer SW, Teyhen DS, Lorenson CL, Warren RL, Koreerat CM, Straseske CA, Childs JD. Y-balance test: a reliability study involving multiple raters. Mil Med. 2013 Nov;178(11):1264-70. doi: 10.7205/MILMED-D-13-00222.

    PubMed 24183777
  • Powden CJ, Hoch JM, Jamali BE, Hoch MC. A 4-Week Multimodal Intervention for Individuals With Chronic Ankle Instability: Examination of Disease-Oriented and Patient-Oriented Outcomes. J Athl Train. 2019 Apr;54(4):384-396. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-344-17. Epub 2018 Dec 27.

    PubMed 30589387
  • Gribble PA, Delahunt E, Bleakley CM, Caulfield B, Docherty CL, Fong DT, Fourchet F, Hertel J, Hiller CE, Kaminski TW, McKeon PO, Refshauge KM, van der Wees P, Vicenzino W, Wikstrom EA. Selection criteria for patients with chronic ankle instability in controlled research: a position statement of the International Ankle Consortium. J Athl Train. 2014 Jan-Feb;49(1):121-7. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-49.1.14. Epub 2013 Dec 30.

    PubMed 24377963
  • Lee H, Han S, Hopkins JT. Altered Visual Reliance Induced by Stroboscopic Glasses during Postural Control. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Feb 12;19(4):2076. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19042076.

    PubMed 35206263
  • Kim KM, Estudillo-Martinez MD, Castellote-Caballero Y, Estepa-Gallego A, Cruz-Diaz D. Short-Term Effects of Balance Training with Stroboscopic Vision for Patients with Chronic Ankle Instability: A Single-Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 May 18;18(10):5364. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18105364.

    PubMed 34069907
  • Clark JF, Ellis JK, Bench J, Khoury J, Graman P. High-performance vision training improves batting statistics for University of Cincinnati baseball players. PLoS One. 2012;7(1):e29109. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029109. Epub 2012 Jan 19.

    PubMed 22276103
  • Kim KM, Kim JS, Grooms DR. Stroboscopic Vision to Induce Sensory Reweighting During Postural Control. J Sport Rehabil. 2017 Sep 1;26(5). doi: 10.1123/jsr.2017-0035. Epub 2017 Jun 12.

    PubMed 28605310
  • Hertel J. Sensorimotor deficits with ankle sprains and chronic ankle instability. Clin Sports Med. 2008 Jul;27(3):353-70, vii. doi: 10.1016/j.csm.2008.03.006.

    PubMed 18503872
  • Song K, Rhodes E, Wikstrom EA. Balance Training Does Not Alter Reliance on Visual Information during Static Stance in Those with Chronic Ankle Instability: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. Sports Med. 2018 Apr;48(4):893-905. doi: 10.1007/s40279-017-0850-8.

    PubMed 29288435
  • Song K, Burcal CJ, Hertel J, Wikstrom EA. Increased Visual Use in Chronic Ankle Instability: A Meta-analysis. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2016 Oct;48(10):2046-56. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000000992.

    PubMed 27635773
  • Molla-Casanova S, Ingles M, Serra-Ano P. Effects of balance training on functionality, ankle instability, and dynamic balance outcomes in people with chronic ankle instability: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Rehabil. 2021 Dec;35(12):1694-1709. doi: 10.1177/02692155211022009. Epub 2021 May 31.

    PubMed 34058832

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing Balance training with stroboscopic glasses and Traditional Balance Training in people with Chronic Ankle Instability, run by Biruni University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 6 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 3 Mar 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Dynamic Balance Assessments (time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07255625, which also lists 19 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 3 Mar 2026.

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