Chronic Low Back Pain (CLBP)NCT07256873
Validity and Reliability of Face-to-Face and Tele-Assessment of Core Stability and Functional Capacity
An observational study of Chronic Low Back Pain (CLBP), run by Istinye University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
This study aims to compare the validity and reliability of core stability and functional capacity measurements when performed face-to-face and through tele-assessment in individuals with chronic low back pain. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Chronic Low Back Pain (CLBP)
- What is being tested?
- Assessment
- How many people
- 36 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 30 Nov 2025to 20 Feb 2026
- How long will I take part?
- 7 Days
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Study population: Adults diagnosed with nonspecific chronic low back pain who meet the inclusion criteria and are able to participate in both face-to-face and tele-assessment sessions.
Who may be able to join
- Must have been diagnosed with chronic (>3 months) nonspecific low back pain.
- Must be between 18 and 65 years of age.
- Must be able to independently perform activities of daily living.
- Must not have had previous surgery for low back pain.
- Must be clinically fit to safely perform the tests specified in the research protocol.
- Must have access to the necessary technology (mobile phone, tablet, or computer, internet connection) to participate in in-person and tele-assessment sessions.
- Must be willing to participate in the study and provide written consent.
Who cannot join
- History of back surgery or serious trauma.
- History of neurological, rheumatological, cardiovascular, or pulmonary disease.
- Presence of severe scoliosis, kyphosis, or other structural spinal deformities.
- Acute pain, serious musculoskeletal injury, or orthopedic problem that prevents exercise.
- Inability to perform tests safely due to vision and/or hearing loss.
- Inability to follow instructions due to psychiatric or cognitive problems.
- Lack of technological infrastructure for online interviews and tele-assessments.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Comparison of Validity and Reliability of Core Stability and Functional Capacity Assessments Using Face-to-Face and Tele-Assessment Methods in Individuals With Chronic Low Back Pain
This study aims to compare the validity and reliability of core stability and functional capacity measurements when performed face-to-face and through tele-assessment in individuals with chronic low back pain. Chronic low back pain affects a large portion of the adult population and is associated with reduced core muscle endurance, impaired postural control, and decreased functional capacity. Tele-assessment has become increasingly important, especially after the pandemic, but there is limited evidence regarding its validity and reliability for physical performance tests.
In this study, 36 individuals with nonspecific chronic low back pain will complete core stability tests (plank, side plank, Biering-Sørensen test, and trunk flexor endurance test), functional capacity tests (Timed Up and Go, 30-Second Chair Stand, and 1-Minute Stair Climb), and questionnaires including the Visual Analog Scale and the Oswestry Disability Index. Assessments will be performed by the same physiotherapist first face-to-face in the clinic, then by tele-assessment, and tele-assessment will be repeated after 5-7 days to assess test-retest reliability.
The results are expected to show whether tele-assessment provides accurate and reliable measurements compared with traditional face-to-face evaluation. The findings may support the safe and evidence-based use of tele-assessment methods in physiotherapy practice for individuals with chronic low back pain.
Read the detailed description
Chronic low back pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders and is associated with decreased core muscle endurance, postural control impairments, and reduced functional capacity. In clinical practice, the evaluation of core stability and functional performance is typically performed through face-to-face assessments. However, the increasing use of tele-health, particularly after the pandemic, has created the need to determine whether these assessments can be performed remotely with acceptable validity and reliability. Existing literature on tele-assessment for musculoskeletal evaluation is limited and often includes small sample sizes or insufficient test standardization.
This study will include 36 individuals with nonspecific chronic low back pain. Participants will complete a series of core stability tests (plank test, side plank test, Biering-Sørensen test, and trunk flexor endurance test), functional capacity tests (Timed Up and Go, 30-Second Chair Stand, and 1-Minute Stair Climb), and clinical scales including the Visual Analog Scale and the Oswestry Disability Index. All assessments will be administered by the same physiotherapist. The first evaluation will be conducted face-to-face in the clinic. A second evaluation will be performed through tele-assessment using a secure video-communication platform, and a third tele-assessment will be conducted 5-7 days later to measure test-retest reliability.
The study aims to compare the results obtained from face-to-face and tele-assessment methods and to determine the validity and reliability of tele-assessment for core stability and functional capacity measurements in individuals with chronic low back pain. The findings are expected to contribute to the evidence-based use of tele-assessment in physiotherapy practice and support its integration into clinical decision-making for patients who have limited access to in-person evaluation.
- Conditions
- Chronic Low Back Pain (CLBP)
- Being tested
- Assessment
- Keywords
- Chronic low back pain, Core stability, Functional capacity, Validity, Reliability, Face-to-face assessment, Tele-assessment
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
AssessmentOther
This observational study compares two assessment methods used to evaluate core stability and functional capacity in individuals with chronic nonspecific low back pain. Participants undergo standardized clinical tests performed first through face-to-face assessment and then through tele-assessment using secure video communication platforms. The assessments include Plank Test, Side Plank Test, Biering-Sorensen Test, Trunk Flexor Endurance Test, Timed Up and Go (TUG), 30-Second Chair Stand Test, 1-Minute Stair Climb Test, Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). No therapeutic intervention is administered; only evaluation procedures are performed.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Chronic Low Back Pain | Participants diagnosed with nonspecific chronic low back pain who will undergo core stability and functional capacity assessments using two methods: (1) face-to-face clinical evaluation and (2) tele-assessment via video communication platforms. Receives: Other: Assessment |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Plank Test (Forearm Plank Test)
The plank test is used to measure the endurance capacity of all trunk stabilizers, especially the abdominal muscles. It evaluates the time it takes to maintain the trunk in a neutral position for an extended period. The individual stands parallel to the floor, supported by their forearms and toes. The body should form a straight line, and the hips should not sag or rise. The maximum time the participant can maintain this position is measured with a stopwatch
Measured: 4 weeks
Side Plank Test (Side Bridge Test)
This test is used to evaluate the endurance of the oblique abdominal muscles, quadratus lumborum, and lateral trunk stabilizers. This test focuses on lateral trunk stability. The participant lies on their side, supported by their elbows and the outer edge of their feet. The trunk should be parallel to the floor and in a straight line. The time they can maintain this position is measured. It is usually performed separately for each side and compared
Measured: 4 weeks
Biering-Sørensen Test
This is a standard test that evaluates the isometric endurance of the lower back extensor muscles (especially the erector spinae). A relationship has been shown between trunk extensor muscle endurance and pain levels in individuals with low back pain. The participant lies prone with their hips toward the edge of a table. The pelvis is supported on the table at the level of the pelvis, and the hips and legs are fixed. The trunk is released into a horizontal position, and the duration of the individual's ability to maintain this position is measured with a stopwatch
Measured: 4 weeks
Flexor Endurance Test (Curl-Up Test / Trunk Flexor Endurance Test)
This test is used to measure the isometric endurance of the trunk flexor muscles (especially the rectus abdominis and oblique muscles). The ability to hold the trunk in a flexed position for extended periods is assessed. The participant lies supine, knees bent 90 degrees, and hands crossed on the chest. The participant is asked to maintain a slightly raised (30°) flexed position for as long as possible. The time is measured with a stopwatch
Measured: 4 weeks
Timed Up and Go Test
The Timed Up and Go Test test is used to assess an individual's mobility level, balance, walking speed, and functional mobility. It is also frequently used for individuals at risk of falls. The participant sits in a standard-height chair. On the command "Go," the participant: Gets up from the chair, walks 3 meters forward, returns, and sits back down. The time it takes to complete this process is measured with a stopwatch.
Measured: 4 weeks
30-Second Chair Stand Test
This test is used to assess lower extremity muscle strength and endurance. It also provides information about the individual's level of independence in activities of daily living. The participant sits upright in a standard-height chair, arms crossed across the chest. On the command "Go," the participant is asked to get up and sit down from the chair as many times as possible within 30 seconds. A score is obtained by counting the number of times the participant stands and sits down
Measured: 4 weeks
1-Minute Stair Climb Test
This test provides information about an individual's cardiorespiratory endurance and lower extremity muscle strength. It is particularly preferred for functional assessments based on aerobic capacity. The participant attempts to climb a standard set of stairs at their own pace for 1 minute. The number of stairs climbed at the end of the time is recorded.
Measured: 4 weeks
Secondary outcomes (2)
Visual Analog Scale
The Visual Analog Scale is a simple, valid, and reliable measurement tool used to assess individuals' subjective pain intensity. It is one of the most widely used pain assessment methods in clinical practice. The VAS is usually presented as a 10-cm-long horizontal line. The left end represents "no pain," and the right end represents "unbearable pain." The participant indicates the current pain intensity by marking a point on the line. The marked point is measured with a ruler, resulting in a score from 0 to 10
Measured: 4 weeks
Oswestry Low Back Pain Functional Disability Index
The Oswestry Low Back Pain Functional Disability Index is an internationally recognized questionnaire used to assess the level of functional disability, particularly in individuals with low back pain. It consists of 10 sections: pain intensity, personal care, lifting, walking, sitting, standing, sleeping, sexual life, social life, and travel. Each section is scored from 0 to 5. The total score is calculated out of 50 and converted to a percentage value.
Measured: 4 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted1 Dec 2025
- Study start30 Nov 2025
- Primary completion30 Jan 2026
- Study completion20 Feb 2026
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Chronic Low Back Pain (CLBP)Studies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Istinye UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Case only
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Enrolment
- 36 participants (actual)
- Target duration
- 7 Days
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Istinye University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Sherouk Labeeb, Istinye University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07256873
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- ISTU-PT-CLBP-2025
- Status last verified
- Feb 2026
- First submitted
- 20 Nov 2025
- Last updated
- 24 Feb 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Undecided
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 24 Feb 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Comparison of Validity and Reliability of Core Stability and Functional Capacity Assessments Using Face-to-Face and Tele-Assessment Methods in Individuals With Chronic Low Back Pain
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07256873
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- ISTU-PT-CLBP-2025
- Conditions
- Chronic Low Back Pain (CLBP)
- Keywords
- Chronic low back pain, Core stability, Functional capacity, Validity, Reliability, Face-to-face assessment, Tele-assessment
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 36 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Istinye UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 30 Nov 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 30 Jan 2026 (actual)
- Study completion
- 20 Feb 2026 (actual)
- First posted
- 1 Dec 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study aims to compare the validity and reliability of core stability and functional capacity measurements when performed face-to-face and through tele-assessment in individuals with chronic low back pain. Chronic low back pain affects a large portion of the adult population and is associated with reduced core muscle endurance, impaired postural control, and decreased functional capacity. Tele-assessment has become increasingly important, especially after the pandemic, but there is limited evidence regarding its validity and reliability for physical performance tests.
In this study, 36 individuals with nonspecific chronic low back pain will complete core stability tests (plank, side plank, Biering-Sørensen test, and trunk flexor endurance test), functional capacity tests (Timed Up and Go, 30-Second Chair Stand, and 1-Minute Stair Climb), and questionnaires including the Visual Analog Scale and the Oswestry Disability Index. Assessments will be performed by the same physiotherapist first face-to-face in the clinic, then by tele-assessment, and tele-assessment will be repeated after 5-7 days to assess test-retest reliability.
The results are expected to show whether tele-assessment provides accurate and reliable measurements compared with traditional face-to-face evaluation. The findings may support the safe and evidence-based use of tele-assessment methods in physiotherapy practice for individuals with chronic low back pain.
Detailed description
Chronic low back pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders and is associated with decreased core muscle endurance, postural control impairments, and reduced functional capacity. In clinical practice, the evaluation of core stability and functional performance is typically performed through face-to-face assessments. However, the increasing use of tele-health, particularly after the pandemic, has created the need to determine whether these assessments can be performed remotely with acceptable validity and reliability. Existing literature on tele-assessment for musculoskeletal evaluation is limited and often includes small sample sizes or insufficient test standardization.
This study will include 36 individuals with nonspecific chronic low back pain. Participants will complete a series of core stability tests (plank test, side plank test, Biering-Sørensen test, and trunk flexor endurance test), functional capacity tests (Timed Up and Go, 30-Second Chair Stand, and 1-Minute Stair Climb), and clinical scales including the Visual Analog Scale and the Oswestry Disability Index. All assessments will be administered by the same physiotherapist. The first evaluation will be conducted face-to-face in the clinic. A second evaluation will be performed through tele-assessment using a secure video-communication platform, and a third tele-assessment will be conducted 5-7 days later to measure test-retest reliability.
The study aims to compare the results obtained from face-to-face and tele-assessment methods and to determine the validity and reliability of tele-assessment for core stability and functional capacity measurements in individuals with chronic low back pain. The findings are expected to contribute to the evidence-based use of tele-assessment in physiotherapy practice and support its integration into clinical decision-making for patients who have limited access to in-person evaluation.
Study design
- Observational model
- Case only
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Target follow-up
- 7 Days
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Chronic Low Back Pain | – | Other: AssessmentParticipants diagnosed with nonspecific chronic low back pain who will undergo core stability and functional capacity assessments using two methods: (1) face-to-face clinical evaluation and (2) tele-assessment via video communication platforms. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 65 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- Adults diagnosed with nonspecific chronic low back pain who meet the inclusion criteria and are able to participate in both face-to-face and tele-assessment sessions.
Key inclusion criteria (7 listed)
- Must have been diagnosed with chronic (>3 months) nonspecific low back pain.
- Must be between 18 and 65 years of age.
- Must be able to independently perform activities of daily living.
- Must not have had previous surgery for low back pain.
- Must be clinically fit to safely perform the tests specified in the research protocol.
Key exclusion criteria (7 listed)
- History of back surgery or serious trauma.
- History of neurological, rheumatological, cardiovascular, or pulmonary disease.
- Presence of severe scoliosis, kyphosis, or other structural spinal deformities.
- Acute pain, serious musculoskeletal injury, or orthopedic problem that prevents exercise.
- Inability to perform tests safely due to vision and/or hearing loss.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| AssessmentThis observational study compares two assessment methods used to evaluate core stability and functional capacity in individuals with chronic nonspecific low back pain. Participants undergo standardized clinical tests performed first through face-to-face assessment and then through tele-assessment using secure video communication platforms. The assessments include Plank Test, Side Plank Test, Biering-Sorensen Test, Trunk Flexor Endurance Test, Timed Up and Go (TUG), 30-Second Chair Stand Test, 1-Minute Stair Climb Test, Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). No therapeutic intervention is administered; only evaluation procedures are performed. | Other | Chronic Low Back Pain |
Primary outcome
Plank Test (Forearm Plank Test)
Time frame: 4 weeks
The plank test is used to measure the endurance capacity of all trunk stabilizers, especially the abdominal muscles. It evaluates the time it takes to maintain the trunk in a neutral position for an extended period. The individual stands parallel to the floor, supported by their forearms and toes. The body should form a straight line, and the hips should not sag or rise. The maximum time the participant can maintain this position is measured with a stopwatch
Side Plank Test (Side Bridge Test)
Time frame: 4 weeks
This test is used to evaluate the endurance of the oblique abdominal muscles, quadratus lumborum, and lateral trunk stabilizers. This test focuses on lateral trunk stability. The participant lies on their side, supported by their elbows and the outer edge of their feet. The trunk should be parallel to the floor and in a straight line. The time they can maintain this position is measured. It is usually performed separately for each side and compared
Biering-Sørensen Test
Time frame: 4 weeks
This is a standard test that evaluates the isometric endurance of the lower back extensor muscles (especially the erector spinae). A relationship has been shown between trunk extensor muscle endurance and pain levels in individuals with low back pain. The participant lies prone with their hips toward the edge of a table. The pelvis is supported on the table at the level of the pelvis, and the hips and legs are fixed. The trunk is released into a horizontal position, and the duration of the individual's ability to maintain this position is measured with a stopwatch
Flexor Endurance Test (Curl-Up Test / Trunk Flexor Endurance Test)
Time frame: 4 weeks
This test is used to measure the isometric endurance of the trunk flexor muscles (especially the rectus abdominis and oblique muscles). The ability to hold the trunk in a flexed position for extended periods is assessed. The participant lies supine, knees bent 90 degrees, and hands crossed on the chest. The participant is asked to maintain a slightly raised (30°) flexed position for as long as possible. The time is measured with a stopwatch
Timed Up and Go Test
Time frame: 4 weeks
The Timed Up and Go Test test is used to assess an individual's mobility level, balance, walking speed, and functional mobility. It is also frequently used for individuals at risk of falls. The participant sits in a standard-height chair. On the command "Go," the participant: Gets up from the chair, walks 3 meters forward, returns, and sits back down. The time it takes to complete this process is measured with a stopwatch.
30-Second Chair Stand Test
Time frame: 4 weeks
This test is used to assess lower extremity muscle strength and endurance. It also provides information about the individual's level of independence in activities of daily living. The participant sits upright in a standard-height chair, arms crossed across the chest. On the command "Go," the participant is asked to get up and sit down from the chair as many times as possible within 30 seconds. A score is obtained by counting the number of times the participant stands and sits down
1-Minute Stair Climb Test
Time frame: 4 weeks
This test provides information about an individual's cardiorespiratory endurance and lower extremity muscle strength. It is particularly preferred for functional assessments based on aerobic capacity. The participant attempts to climb a standard set of stairs at their own pace for 1 minute. The number of stairs climbed at the end of the time is recorded.
2 secondary outcomes
Visual Analog Scale
Time frame: 4 weeks
Oswestry Low Back Pain Functional Disability Index
Time frame: 4 weeks
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 24 Feb 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Undecided
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Chronic Low Back Pain (CLBP), run by Istinye University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 7 inclusion and 7 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 24 Feb 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Plank Test (Forearm Plank Test) (time frame: 4 weeks). The study lists 7 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 24 Feb 2026.