TrainingNCT07264751
The Effect of a Single Training Session on Changes in Inflammatory, Hormonal, and Metabolic Markers in Athletes
An observational study of Training and Inflammation Biomarkers, run by Poznan University of Physical Education at 1 site in Poland.
Trial summary
The study aims to assess the acute response of wrestlers to a single training session. Short-term changes in inflammatory, hormonal, and metabolic markers are analyzed to assess fatigue development and recovery following intense exercise. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Any age, men onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Training, Inflammation Biomarkers, Hormone
- What is being tested?
- physical training
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- How many people
- 5 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePoland
- Study dates
- Feb 2014to Jun 2014
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages Any age
- Men only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Study population: The study participants are athletes from a national-level sports club who were also members of the national team. All athletes have experience competing in international events. The group includes athletes who have won medals at both national and international competitions. Participants are wrestling athletes specializing in strength-endurance training and represent the top competitive level in their sport. The study aims to evaluate acute physiological responses to a single high-intensity training session in this highly specialized discipline.
Who may be able to join
- Currently engaged in regular strength-endurance wrestling training.
- Medically cleared for high-intensity exercise by a sports physician.
- Willingness to participate and provide written informed consent.
- Availability to attend the training session and all blood sampling time points (pre-training, immediately post-training, 24 hours post-training).
Who cannot join
- Presence of acute or chronic illness that may affect exercise performance or physiological response.
- Recent musculoskeletal injury limiting participation in high-intensity training.
- Use of medications or supplements that may interfere with hormonal, inflammatory, or metabolic markers.
- History of endocrine disorders, adrenal insufficiency, or other conditions affecting catecholamine or cortisol levels.
- Inability or unwillingness to comply with study procedures.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Poland1 site
Poznan University of Physical Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences in Gorzow Wielkopolski, Poland; Department of Biological Sciences.
Gorzów Wielkopolski, 66-400
About this study
The study aims to assess the acute response of wrestlers to a single training session. Short-term changes in inflammatory, hormonal, and metabolic markers are analyzed to assess fatigue development and recovery following intense exercise. Participation in the study involves completing a standard training session and providing blood samples at three time points to assess the physiological response. The results provide a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying adaptation to exercise in competitive wrestlers.
Read the detailed description
The study aims to assess how wrestlers' bodies respond to a single, intense training session. The study focuses on short-term changes in markers of inflammation, the hormonal system (stress hormones, catecholamines), and the metabolic system. This enables a deeper understanding of the physiological mechanisms underlying fatigue development and post-exercise recovery.
Each participant will attend one standard training session, as outlined in the training plan. As part of the study, three venous blood samples will be collected:
- Before training - at rest, to determine baseline values;
- Immediately after training;
- 24 hours after exercise - to evaluate recovery processes.
Blood samples will be analyzed in the lab to determine:
- inflammatory markers (hsCRP, IL-6, TNF-α),
- muscle damage marker (CK),
- stress hormones (adrenaline, noradrenaline, cortisol),
- metabolic indicators (urea, creatinine, total protein, albumin, uric acid). The project does not require any additional supplementation, dietary changes, or modifications to the training plan.
Participating in the study will provide insights into each participant's individual response to intense exercise, including fatigue, inflammation, and hormonal balance. The results can help tailor training load more effectively and improve recovery.
Participation in the study is completely voluntary. Participants may withdraw from participation at any time, without giving a reason, without any consequences. Withdrawal from the study will not affect their subsequent athletic training. All data obtained during the study will be treated confidentially and processed solely for scientific purposes. Results will be compiled in aggregate form, preventing the identification of individual participants.
The study protocol was approved by the Bioethics Committee.
- Conditions
- Training, Inflammation Biomarkers, Hormone, Exercise Training
- Being tested
- physical training
- Keywords
- Single training session, Inflammatory markers, Hormonal response, Wrestlers, Catecholamines
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
physical trainingBehavioural
The intervention consists of a standardized, high-intensity wrestling training session designed to simulate typical strength-endurance exercise performed by elite wrestlers. The session includes sport-specific drills, resistance exercises, and aerobic conditioning components appropriate for this athletic discipline. All participants will perform the session under supervision to ensure safety and adherence to the planned intensity and duration.
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Concentration of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP)
High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) concentration will be measured to assess the inflammatory response.
Measured: 1. Before training (at rest), 2. Immediately after training, 3. 24 hours after exercise.
Concentration of creatine kinase (CK)
Creatine kinase (CK) concentration will be measured as a biomarker of muscle damage and the physiological response to the training session.
Measured: 1. Before training (at rest), 2. Immediately after training, 3. 24 hours after exercise.
Concentration of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α).
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) concentration will be assessed as a marker of the inflammatory response to training.
Measured: 1. Before training (at rest), 2. Immediately after training, 3. 24 hours after exercise.
Concentration of interleukin-6 (IL-6).
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentration will be assessed as a marker of the inflammatory response to training.
Measured: 1. Before training (at rest), 2. Immediately after training, 3. 24 hours after exercise.
Concentration of adrenaline
Adrenaline concentration will be assessed as a marker of the acute sympathoadrenal response to training.
Measured: 1. Before training (at rest), 2. Immediately after training, 3. 24 hours after exercise.
Concentration of noradrenaline
Noradrenaline concentration will be assessed as a marker of the acute sympathoadrenal response to training.
Measured: 1. Before training (at rest), 2. Immediately after training, 3. 24 hours after exercise.
Secondary outcomes (4)
Concentration of cortisol
Cortisol concentration will be assessed as a marker of the acute neuroendocrine response to training.
Measured: 1. Before training (at rest), 2. Immediately after training, 3. 24 hours after exercise.
Concentration of total protein.
Total protein concentration will be assessed as a marker of changes in plasma protein status and hydration in response to training.
Measured: 1. Before training (at rest), 2. Immediately after training, 3. 24 hours after exercise.
Concentration of urea.
Urea concentration will be assessed as a marker of metabolic response and protein catabolism following training.
Measured: 1. Before training (at rest), 2. Immediately after training, 3. 24 hours after exercise.
Concentration of albumin.
Albumin concentration will be assessed as a marker of changes in plasma protein status in response to training.
Measured: 1. Before training (at rest), 2. Immediately after training, 3. 24 hours after exercise.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted4 Dec 2025
- Study startFeb 2014
- Primary completionMay 2014
- Study completionJun 2014
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for TrainingStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Case only
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Enrolment
- 5 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Poznan University of Physical Education
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Anna Kasperska, Poznan University of Physical Education
- Investigators
- Anna Kasperska, PhD, Principal investigator, Poznan University of Physical Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences in Gorzow Wielkopolski, Poland;
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07264751
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- AKS wrestlers
- Status last verified
- Aug 2026
- First submitted
- 23 Nov 2025
- Last updated
- 13 Aug 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: IPD will not be shared to protect participant confidentiality and to meet ethical and legal standards regarding sensitive health and performance data.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 13 Aug 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effect of a Single Training Session on Changes in Inflammatory, Hormonal, and Metabolic Markers in Athletes
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07264751
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- AKS wrestlers
- Conditions
- Training, Inflammation Biomarkers, Hormone, Exercise Training
- Keywords
- Single training session, Inflammatory markers, Hormonal response, Wrestlers, Catecholamines
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 5 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Poznan University of Physical EducationUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- Feb 2014 (actual)
- Primary completion
- May 2014 (actual)
- Study completion
- Jun 2014 (actual)
- First posted
- 4 Dec 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The study aims to assess the acute response of wrestlers to a single training session. Short-term changes in inflammatory, hormonal, and metabolic markers are analyzed to assess fatigue development and recovery following intense exercise. Participation in the study involves completing a standard training session and providing blood samples at three time points to assess the physiological response. The results provide a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying adaptation to exercise in competitive wrestlers.
Detailed description
The study aims to assess how wrestlers' bodies respond to a single, intense training session. The study focuses on short-term changes in markers of inflammation, the hormonal system (stress hormones, catecholamines), and the metabolic system. This enables a deeper understanding of the physiological mechanisms underlying fatigue development and post-exercise recovery.
Each participant will attend one standard training session, as outlined in the training plan. As part of the study, three venous blood samples will be collected:
- Before training - at rest, to determine baseline values;
- Immediately after training;
- 24 hours after exercise - to evaluate recovery processes.
Blood samples will be analyzed in the lab to determine:
- inflammatory markers (hsCRP, IL-6, TNF-α),
- muscle damage marker (CK),
- stress hormones (adrenaline, noradrenaline, cortisol),
- metabolic indicators (urea, creatinine, total protein, albumin, uric acid). The project does not require any additional supplementation, dietary changes, or modifications to the training plan.
Participating in the study will provide insights into each participant's individual response to intense exercise, including fatigue, inflammation, and hormonal balance. The results can help tailor training load more effectively and improve recovery.
Participation in the study is completely voluntary. Participants may withdraw from participation at any time, without giving a reason, without any consequences. Withdrawal from the study will not affect their subsequent athletic training. All data obtained during the study will be treated confidentially and processed solely for scientific purposes. Results will be compiled in aggregate form, preventing the identification of individual participants.
The study protocol was approved by the Bioethics Committee.
Study design
- Observational model
- Case only
- Time perspective
- Prospective
Who may qualify
- Sex
- Male only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- The study participants are athletes from a national-level sports club who were also members of the national team. All athletes have experience competing in international events. The group includes athletes who have won medals at both national and international competitions. Participants are wrestling athletes specializing in strength-endurance training and represent the top competitive level in their sport. The study aims to evaluate acute physiological responses to a single high-intensity training session in this highly specialized discipline.
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Currently engaged in regular strength-endurance wrestling training.
- Medically cleared for high-intensity exercise by a sports physician.
- Willingness to participate and provide written informed consent.
- Availability to attend the training session and all blood sampling time points (pre-training, immediately post-training, 24 hours post-training).
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Presence of acute or chronic illness that may affect exercise performance or physiological response.
- Recent musculoskeletal injury limiting participation in high-intensity training.
- Use of medications or supplements that may interfere with hormonal, inflammatory, or metabolic markers.
- History of endocrine disorders, adrenal insufficiency, or other conditions affecting catecholamine or cortisol levels.
- Inability or unwillingness to comply with study procedures.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| physical trainingThe intervention consists of a standardized, high-intensity wrestling training session designed to simulate typical strength-endurance exercise performed by elite wrestlers. The session includes sport-specific drills, resistance exercises, and aerobic conditioning components appropriate for this athletic discipline. All participants will perform the session under supervision to ensure safety and adherence to the planned intensity and duration. | Behavioural | – |
Primary outcome
Concentration of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP)
Time frame: 1. Before training (at rest), 2. Immediately after training, 3. 24 hours after exercise.
High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) concentration will be measured to assess the inflammatory response.
Concentration of creatine kinase (CK)
Time frame: 1. Before training (at rest), 2. Immediately after training, 3. 24 hours after exercise.
Creatine kinase (CK) concentration will be measured as a biomarker of muscle damage and the physiological response to the training session.
Concentration of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α).
Time frame: 1. Before training (at rest), 2. Immediately after training, 3. 24 hours after exercise.
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) concentration will be assessed as a marker of the inflammatory response to training.
Concentration of interleukin-6 (IL-6).
Time frame: 1. Before training (at rest), 2. Immediately after training, 3. 24 hours after exercise.
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentration will be assessed as a marker of the inflammatory response to training.
Concentration of adrenaline
Time frame: 1. Before training (at rest), 2. Immediately after training, 3. 24 hours after exercise.
Adrenaline concentration will be assessed as a marker of the acute sympathoadrenal response to training.
Concentration of noradrenaline
Time frame: 1. Before training (at rest), 2. Immediately after training, 3. 24 hours after exercise.
Noradrenaline concentration will be assessed as a marker of the acute sympathoadrenal response to training.
4 secondary outcomes
Concentration of cortisol
Time frame: 1. Before training (at rest), 2. Immediately after training, 3. 24 hours after exercise.
Concentration of total protein.
Time frame: 1. Before training (at rest), 2. Immediately after training, 3. 24 hours after exercise.
Concentration of urea.
Time frame: 1. Before training (at rest), 2. Immediately after training, 3. 24 hours after exercise.
Concentration of albumin.
Time frame: 1. Before training (at rest), 2. Immediately after training, 3. 24 hours after exercise.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 13 Aug 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. IPD will not be shared to protect participant confidentiality and to meet ethical and legal standards regarding sensitive health and performance data.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Anna Kasperska, PhD principal investigator
Poznan University of Physical Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences in Gorzow Wielkopolski, Poland;
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Training and Inflammation Biomarkers, run by Poznan University of Physical Education at 1 site in Poland.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 13 Aug 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Poland. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Concentration of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) (time frame: 1. Before training (at rest), 2. Immediately after training, 3. 24 hours after exercise.). The study lists 6 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 13 Aug 2026.