Nursing EducationNCT07266870
Effect of CORE on Knowledge and Attitude Levels Regarding Pain Assessment
A study testing CORE application in people with Nursing Education, run by Çankırı Karatekin University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
CORE is an assessment tool that uses written scenarios designed to address problems that students may encounter in real clinical settings. These scenarios are presented at different stations. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Any ageHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Nursing Education
- What is being tested?
- CORE application
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 88 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 16 Feb 2026to 10 Mar 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages Any age
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Volunteering to participate in research
- Taking the Nursing Professional Courses Practicum II course
- Participating in pain education
- Participating in CORE training
Who cannot join
- Not attending training
- Not completing data collection tools
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: The Effect of CORE on Nursing Students' Knowledge and Attitude Levels Regarding Pain Assessment: Randomized Controlled Trial
CORE is an assessment tool that uses written scenarios designed to address problems that students may encounter in real clinical settings. These scenarios are presented at different stations. It enables educators to conduct more objective evaluations during the learning process, contributing to effective learning by providing students with immediate feedback. This research will examine the effect of CORE on nursing students' knowledge and attitudes regarding pain assessment. The study will be conducted using a randomised controlled experimental design. The study population will consist of senior nursing students taking the Nursing Professional Practice II course in the spring semester of the 2025/26 academic year at a nursing department in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey (n = 100). The sample for the study will consist of students who agree to participate in the research. Students will be randomized into intervention and control groups based on their pre-test knowledge scores. Research data will be collected using the "Personal Information Form" "Pain Knowledge Test", "Nursing Students' Attitudes Scale Toward Pain Assessment" and "CORE Satisfaction Form". Approval from the ethical committee has been obtained for the research to be conducted, and written permission has been requested from the institution in which the research will take place. Before starting the research, students will be informed about it and asked to provide written informed consent. Students in the intervention group will perform the CORE application on tablets using case scenarios prepared for pain assessment in the Nursing Skills Laboratory. Data collection tools will be administered three times: pre-test, post-test, and retention test. Only the "CORE Satisfaction Form" will be administered to students in the intervention group to assess their satisfaction after the CORE application. Descriptive statistics and the Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney U-test, t-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test for dependent groups will be used in the analysis of the data.
Read the detailed description
Study procedure:
- Research data will be collected from students enrolled on the Practice II course of the Nursing Profession programme during the spring semester of the 2025/26 academic year. The following tests and questionnaires will be administered as pre-tests before the topic is explained during the first week of the semester's face-to-face theoretical training:
- A "Personal Information Form"
- A "Pain Knowledge Test"
- The "Nursing Students' Attitudes Toward Pain Assessment Scale" Pain and CORE training will then be provided.
- Before the study begins, students will be informed about it and their written informed consent will be obtained.
- The intervention and control groups will be randomised based on their pre-test knowledge scores using www.randomizer.org.
Following randomisation, intervention group students will use the CORE application on a tablet with case scenarios prepared for pain assessment in the Nursing Skills Laboratory on the fifth day after theoretical training.
One day after implementation, both groups will take the 'Pain Knowledge Test' and the 'Nursing Students' Attitudes Towards Pain Assessment Scale' again, this time as a post-test. The 'CORE Satisfaction Form' will be given to the intervention group to measure their satisfaction with the CORE experience.
- Two weeks after the CORE implementation, both groups will take the 'Pain Knowledge Test' and the 'Nursing Students' Attitudes Towards Pain Assessment Scale' again, this time as a retention test to assess knowledge retention and attitude levels.
After the data collection phase of the study is complete, CORE will also be administered to the control group.
- Before implementation, a pilot study will be conducted with five students from outside the target group to assess the clarity of the data collection forms and the length of the CORE scenarios.
- Conditions
- Nursing Education
- Being tested
- CORE application
- Keywords
- CORE, Pain assessment, Nursing education, Attitude, Knowledge
- Medical subject headings
- Behavior
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
CORE applicationBehavioural
Case scenarios prepared for pain assessment will be applied to the intervention group students as CORE application.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| CORE application | Experimental | During the study implementation process, a knowledge test and attitude scale will be administered as a pretest, posttest, and retention test. Case scenarios prepared for pain assessment will be applied to the intervention group students as CORE application. Receives: Behavioral: CORE application |
| Control | No intervention | During the study implementation process, a knowledge test and attitude scale will be administered as a pretest, posttest, and retention test. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
1. Differences of knowledge scores between groups
Pre-test, post-test and retention tests were applied to measure the level of knowledge. The 'Pain Knowledge Test', which was prepared by the researchers, will be used to assess knowledge levels. The test consists of ten questions. It will be marked out of 100. Test scores obtained at three different times will be compared. Higher post-test and retention test scores than pre-test scores suggest an increase in knowledge.
Measured: To assess their knowledge levels, the pretest was administered in the first week, the posttest in the second week (1 day after the CORE application), and the retention test in the fourth week. Total duration: 4 weeks.
Secondary outcomes (1)
Differences in Attitude Scores Towards Pain Assessment Between Groups
Pre-test, post-test and retention tests were applied to measure attitudes. The "Nursing Students' Attitudes Scale Toward Pain Assessment" scale will be used to evaluate students' attitudes towards pain assessment. The scale consists of 15 items and two subfactors. Factor 1 represents the importance of pain assessment, while Factor 2 represents the interest subscale. The minimum possible score is 15, and the maximum possible score is 75. As the scale score increases, so do nursing students' positive attitudes towards pain assessment.
Measured: To assess attitudes, a pre-test was administered in the first week, a post-test in the second week (1 day after the CORE application), and a retention test in the fourth week. Total duration: 4 weeks.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted5 Dec 2025
- Study start16 Feb 2026
- Primary completion18 Feb 2026
- Study completion10 Mar 2026
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (3)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Nursing EducationStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- The study will be conducted using a randomised controlled experimental design.
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Participant
- Enrolment
- 88 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Çankırı Karatekin University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Müjgan ONARICI, Çankırı Karatekin University
- Investigators
- MÜJGAN ONARICI, PhD, Principal investigator, Çankırı Karatekin University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07266870
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- CAKÜ
- Status last verified
- Dec 2025
- First submitted
- 17 Nov 2025
- Last updated
- 18 Mar 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: in progress
Publications
Madenoğlu Kıvanç, M., Türen, S., Gül, A., Turan Miral, M., Atakoğlu Yılmaz, R., & Kara Özçalık, C. (2023). Hemşirelik eğitiminde öğrenci değerlendirme stratejisi: Objektif yapılandırılmış klinik sınavı. Sağlık ve Yaşam Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(2), 80-86. DOI: 10.33308/2687248X.202352301.
Hakbilen HG, Ince S. Effect of Kegel Exercise-Focused Intervention on Urinary Incontinence in Elderly Women. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs. 2025 Mar-Apr 01;52(2):137-146. doi: 10.1097/WON.0000000000001162. Epub 2025 Mar 20.
PubMed 40136104Turhan, K., Unsal, S., Kalaycı, N., Kayıkçı, V., & Uzun, E. (2006). Computer supported clinically oriented reasoning exam management system with client/server architecture: CORE-Builder. Current Developments in Technology-Assisted Education, 1203-1207.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 18 Mar 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effect of CORE on Nursing Students' Knowledge and Attitude Levels Regarding Pain Assessment: Randomized Controlled Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07266870
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- CAKÜ
- Conditions
- Nursing Education
- Keywords
- CORE, Pain assessment, Nursing education, Attitude, Knowledge
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 88 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Çankırı Karatekin UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 16 Feb 2026 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 18 Feb 2026 (actual)
- Study completion
- 10 Mar 2026 (actual)
- First posted
- 5 Dec 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
CORE is an assessment tool that uses written scenarios designed to address problems that students may encounter in real clinical settings. These scenarios are presented at different stations. It enables educators to conduct more objective evaluations during the learning process, contributing to effective learning by providing students with immediate feedback. This research will examine the effect of CORE on nursing students' knowledge and attitudes regarding pain assessment. The study will be conducted using a randomised controlled experimental design. The study population will consist of senior nursing students taking the Nursing Professional Practice II course in the spring semester of the 2025/26 academic year at a nursing department in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey (n = 100). The sample for the study will consist of students who agree to participate in the research. Students will be randomized into intervention and control groups based on their pre-test knowledge scores. Research data will be collected using the "Personal Information Form" "Pain Knowledge Test", "Nursing Students' Attitudes Scale Toward Pain Assessment" and "CORE Satisfaction Form". Approval from the ethical committee has been obtained for the research to be conducted, and written permission has been requested from the institution in which the research will take place. Before starting the research, students will be informed about it and asked to provide written informed consent. Students in the intervention group will perform the CORE application on tablets using case scenarios prepared for pain assessment in the Nursing Skills Laboratory. Data collection tools will be administered three times: pre-test, post-test, and retention test. Only the "CORE Satisfaction Form" will be administered to students in the intervention group to assess their satisfaction after the CORE application. Descriptive statistics and the Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney U-test, t-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test for dependent groups will be used in the analysis of the data.
Detailed description
Study procedure:
- Research data will be collected from students enrolled on the Practice II course of the Nursing Profession programme during the spring semester of the 2025/26 academic year. The following tests and questionnaires will be administered as pre-tests before the topic is explained during the first week of the semester's face-to-face theoretical training:
- A "Personal Information Form"
- A "Pain Knowledge Test"
- The "Nursing Students' Attitudes Toward Pain Assessment Scale" Pain and CORE training will then be provided.
- Before the study begins, students will be informed about it and their written informed consent will be obtained.
- The intervention and control groups will be randomised based on their pre-test knowledge scores using www.randomizer.org.
Following randomisation, intervention group students will use the CORE application on a tablet with case scenarios prepared for pain assessment in the Nursing Skills Laboratory on the fifth day after theoretical training.
One day after implementation, both groups will take the 'Pain Knowledge Test' and the 'Nursing Students' Attitudes Towards Pain Assessment Scale' again, this time as a post-test. The 'CORE Satisfaction Form' will be given to the intervention group to measure their satisfaction with the CORE experience.
- Two weeks after the CORE implementation, both groups will take the 'Pain Knowledge Test' and the 'Nursing Students' Attitudes Towards Pain Assessment Scale' again, this time as a retention test to assess knowledge retention and attitude levels.
After the data collection phase of the study is complete, CORE will also be administered to the control group.
- Before implementation, a pilot study will be conducted with five students from outside the target group to assess the clarity of the data collection forms and the length of the CORE scenarios.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (participant)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- The study will be conducted using a randomised controlled experimental design.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| CORE application | Experimental | Behavioral: CORE applicationDuring the study implementation process, a knowledge test and attitude scale will be administered as a pretest, posttest, and retention test. Case scenarios prepared for pain assessment will be applied to the intervention group students as CORE application. |
| Control | No intervention | –During the study implementation process, a knowledge test and attitude scale will be administered as a pretest, posttest, and retention test. |
Who may qualify
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Volunteering to participate in research
- Taking the Nursing Professional Courses Practicum II course
- Participating in pain education
- Participating in CORE training
Key exclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Not attending training
- Not completing data collection tools
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| CORE applicationCase scenarios prepared for pain assessment will be applied to the intervention group students as CORE application. | Behavioural | CORE application |
Primary outcome
1. Differences of knowledge scores between groups
Time frame: To assess their knowledge levels, the pretest was administered in the first week, the posttest in the second week (1 day after the CORE application), and the retention test in the fourth week. Total duration: 4 weeks.
Pre-test, post-test and retention tests were applied to measure the level of knowledge. The 'Pain Knowledge Test', which was prepared by the researchers, will be used to assess knowledge levels. The test consists of ten questions. It will be marked out of 100. Test scores obtained at three different times will be compared. Higher post-test and retention test scores than pre-test scores suggest an increase in knowledge.
1 secondary outcome
Differences in Attitude Scores Towards Pain Assessment Between Groups
Time frame: To assess attitudes, a pre-test was administered in the first week, a post-test in the second week (1 day after the CORE application), and a retention test in the fourth week. Total duration: 4 weeks.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 18 Mar 2026.
- BackgroundMadenoğlu Kıvanç, M., Türen, S., Gül, A., Turan Miral, M., Atakoğlu Yılmaz, R., & Kara Özçalık, C. (2023). Hemşirelik eğitiminde öğrenci değerlendirme stratejisi: Objektif yapılandırılmış klinik sınavı. Sağlık ve Yaşam Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(2), 80-86. DOI: 10.33308/2687248X.202352301.
- Background: PubMed 40136104Hakbilen HG, Ince S. Effect of Kegel Exercise-Focused Intervention on Urinary Incontinence in Elderly Women. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs. 2025 Mar-Apr 01;52(2):137-146. doi: 10.1097/WON.0000000000001162. Epub 2025 Mar 20.
- BackgroundTurhan, K., Unsal, S., Kalaycı, N., Kayıkçı, V., & Uzun, E. (2006). Computer supported clinically oriented reasoning exam management system with client/server architecture: CORE-Builder. Current Developments in Technology-Assisted Education, 1203-1207.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. in progress
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
MÜJGAN ONARICI, PhD principal investigator
Çankırı Karatekin University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing CORE application in people with Nursing Education, run by Çankırı Karatekin University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 2 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 18 Mar 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
1. Differences of knowledge scores between groups (time frame: To assess their knowledge levels, the pretest was administered in the first week, the posttest in the second week (1 day after the CORE application), and the retention test in the fourth week. Total duration: 4 weeks.). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07266870, which also lists 3 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 18 Mar 2026.