Older Adults (65 Years and Older)NCT07274592
The Effect of Psychoeducation Program Applied to Older Adults Based on Psychosocial Development Theory on Self-critical Rumination, Self-esteem and Psychological Well-being
A study testing Psychoeducation Program in people with Older Adults (65 Years and Older), run by Necmettin Erbakan University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
The aim is to examine the effect of a psychoeducation program based on the Psychosocial Development Theory applied to older adults on self-critical rumination, self-esteem, and psychological well-being, as well as the relationship between these concepts. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 65 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Older Adults (65 Years and Older)
- What is being tested?
- Psychoeducation Program
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 49 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 6 Feb 2026to 28 Mar 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 65 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Being 65 years of age or older,
- Being literate,
- Scoring 25 or above on the Standardized Mini Mental Test,
- Having no hearing or vision problems,
- Volunteering to participate in the study
Who cannot join
- Not attending more than two psychoeducation sessions,
- Not wishing to continue the study,
- Being unable to attend due to any physical or mental health condition.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Dr. İsmail Işık Retirement and Rehabilitation Center
Konya
About this study
The aim is to examine the effect of a psychoeducation program based on the Psychosocial Development Theory applied to older adults on self-critical rumination, self-esteem, and psychological well-being, as well as the relationship between these concepts. The constant and repetitive thinking of older adults about their past mistakes and failures is defined as self-critical rumination, which can have negative effects on mental health, lead to a decline in quality of life, and cause older adults to experience an unhappy process. For this study, a psychoeducation program based on Erikson's psychosocial stages of development was prepared. The program aims to differentiate rumination levels among older adults, provide suggestions on how to reduce these ruminative thoughts, and teach techniques for dealing with repetitive thoughts, thereby equipping individuals with methods to cope with ruminative thinking. It is expected that elderly individuals who acquire this coping method will experience changes in their psychological well-being and self-esteem. This study's examination of the effects of the psychoeducational program on psychological well-being provides a critical contribution to improving the quality of life of elderly individuals.
Read the detailed description
This research is designed as a randomized controlled trial. The reporting of the research will be structured according to the CONSORT checklist. The Psychoeducational Program, grounded in Erikson's Psychosocial Theory, is designed to help older adults cope with self-critical ruminative thoughts and improve their psychological well-being and self-esteem. Based on Erikson's eight stages of development, this program aims to help older individuals review their life journeys and understand how they experienced crises at each stage. Throughout the program, participants are encouraged to reframe their past experiences in a positive way, increase their current well-being, and strengthen their self-esteem. Older adults may face more of their past experiences and uncertainties about the future in the later stages of their lives. During this process, repetitive thoughts, i.e., negative or worrisome thoughts that constantly occupy the mind, can negatively affect individuals' mental health. Psychoeducation programs are an important tool for developing coping skills for such thoughts and improving individuals' quality of life.
The research is planned to be conducted at Dr. İsmail Işık Retirement and Rehabilitation Center in Konya province. The sample size calculation for the study was carried out using the G*Power 3.1.9.7 program. It was calculated that a total of 48 adults, would be sufficient, with an effect size of 0.96, 95% test power, and a margin of error of 0.05. The Standardized Mini Mental Test will be administered to the elderly to determine the inclusion criteria. Individuals over the age of 65, who are literate, have a Standardized Mini Mental Test score of 25 or higher, have no cognitive or perceptual problems, and volunteer to participate in the study will be included. This study also planned to use the Sociodemographic Information Form, the Self-Critical Rumination Scale, the Psychological Well-Being Scale for the Elderly, and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. The psychoeducation program consists of eight sessions. Each session will be held face-to-face once a week for the intervention group. The sessions will be conducted by a researcher (graduate student) once a week (on a day deemed appropriate and recommended by the nursing home) in three groups. Eight 45-minute sessions are planned. During their graduate studies, the researcher has acquired theoretical knowledge about psychoeducation as well as practical knowledge about its application based on the literature.
- Conditions
- Older Adults (65 Years and Older)
- Being tested
- Psychoeducation Program
- Keywords
- older adults, self-esteem, rumination, psychological well-being, randomized controlled trial
- Medical subject headings
- Rumination Syndrome, Psychological Well-Being
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Psychoeducation ProgramBehavioural
The Psychoeducation Program, grounded in Erikson's Psychosocial Theory, is designed to help older adults cope with self-critical ruminative thoughts and improve their psychological well-being and self-esteem. Based on Erikson's eight stages of development, this program aims to help older individuals review their life journeys and understand how they experienced crises at each stage. Throughout the program, participants are encouraged to reframe their past experiences in a positive way, increase their current well-being, and strengthen their self-esteem. Older adults may face more challenges with past experiences and uncertainties about the future as they progress through life. During this process, repetitive thoughts, i.e., negative or worrisome thoughts that constantly occupy the mind, can negatively affect individuals' mental health. Psychoeducation programs are an important tool for developing coping skills for such thoughts and improving individuals' quality of life.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Control | No intervention | A standardized mini mental test will be administered at the beginning of the study to determine the inclusion criteria. Sociodemographic Information Form, Self-Critical Rumination Scale, Psychological Well-Being Scale for Older Adults, and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale will be applied to the control group. No intervention will be made. Measurement tools will be applied for the posttest. |
| Psychoeducation Program | Experimental | A standardized mini mental test will be administered at the beginning of the study to determine the inclusion criteria. Sociodemographic Information Form, Self-Critical Rumination Scale, Psychological Well-Being Scale for Older Adults, and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale will be applied to pretest. The psychoeducation will be conducted once a week (on a day deemed appropriate and recommended by the nursing home) by a researcher (graduate student) with three groups. Eight sessions, each lasting 45 minutes, are planned. At the end of the sessions, post-tests of the measurement tools will be performed. Receives: Behavioral: Psychoeducation Program |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
The effect of the psychoeducation program on self-critical rumination, psychological well-being, and self-esteem
Self-Critical Rumination Scale: The Self-Critical Rumination Scale was created to determine individuals' self-critical rumination. Developed by Smart et al. (2016), the scale was adapted to Turkish by Kocalar (2019). It is a four-point Likert-type measurement tool. The scale has a 10-item, single-factor structure. There is no reverse scoring for the scale items. (Kocalar, 2019).
Psychological Well-Being Scale in the Elderly: Developed by Gümüş Demir (2023) to measure the levels of psychological well-being in elderly individuals, the scale consists of 15 items. It is a five-point Likert-type scale. Questions 8 and 13 are reverse-coded, and the minimum score is 15 and the maximum score is 75. As the psychological well-being score increases, so does the level of well-being.
Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale: The scale, developed by Rosenberg (1963), was adapted into Turkish by Çuhadaroğlu (1986). The 10-item scale is rated as "very true," "true," "false," and "very false."
Measured: At the beginning of the study and at the end of the 8th week
Secondary outcomes (1)
The Effect of Psychoeducation Program Applied to Older Adults Based on Psychosocial Development Theory on Self-critical Rumination, Self-esteem and Psychological Well-being
Sociodemographic Information Form: This form was created by the researcher by reviewing the literature (Akgöz, 2024; Önder, 2021). There are a total of 9 questions, including age, gender, marital status, number of children, educational status, how long the patient has been staying in a nursing home, how many rooms the patient has stayed in, the reason for staying in the nursing home (own request or family request), etc.
Measured: At the beginning of the study
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted10 Dec 2025
- Study start6 Feb 2026
- Primary completion28 Mar 2026
- Study completion28 Mar 2026
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Older Adults (65 Years and Older)Studies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Necmettin Erbakan UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- A standardized mini mental test will be administered to determine the inclusion criteria for non-rehabilitated elderly adults living in nursing homes. After administering pre-tests to the elderly adults, they will be assigned to the intervention and control groups using a simple randomization method. Elderly adults with a standardized mini mental test score of 25 or above on the https://www.randomizer.org/ will be assigned a number and randomized. Twenty-five individuals will be assigned to the intervention group and 25 to the control group. Randomization will be performed by the thesis advisor, and the researcher will have access to the information in the control and intervention groups prior to implementation. Support will be obtained from an independent statistician for the statistical analysis of the data in the reporting. This will prevent the risk of bias in the results.
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 49 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Necmettin Erbakan University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Hatice Bozkaya, Necmettin Erbakan University
- Investigators
- Adeviye AYDIN, Study director, Necmettin Erbakan University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07274592
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 26003
- Status last verified
- Feb 2026
- First submitted
- 27 Nov 2025
- Last updated
- 9 Sep 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 9 Sep 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effect of Psychoeducation Program Applied to Older Adults Based on Psychosocial Development Theory on Self-critical Rumination, Self-esteem and Psychological Well-being
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07274592
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 26003
- Conditions
- Older Adults (65 Years and Older)
- Keywords
- older adults, self-esteem, rumination, psychological well-being, randomized controlled trial
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 49 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Necmettin Erbakan UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 6 Feb 2026 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 28 Mar 2026 (actual)
- Study completion
- 28 Mar 2026 (actual)
- First posted
- 10 Dec 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The aim is to examine the effect of a psychoeducation program based on the Psychosocial Development Theory applied to older adults on self-critical rumination, self-esteem, and psychological well-being, as well as the relationship between these concepts. The constant and repetitive thinking of older adults about their past mistakes and failures is defined as self-critical rumination, which can have negative effects on mental health, lead to a decline in quality of life, and cause older adults to experience an unhappy process. For this study, a psychoeducation program based on Erikson's psychosocial stages of development was prepared. The program aims to differentiate rumination levels among older adults, provide suggestions on how to reduce these ruminative thoughts, and teach techniques for dealing with repetitive thoughts, thereby equipping individuals with methods to cope with ruminative thinking. It is expected that elderly individuals who acquire this coping method will experience changes in their psychological well-being and self-esteem. This study's examination of the effects of the psychoeducational program on psychological well-being provides a critical contribution to improving the quality of life of elderly individuals.
Detailed description
This research is designed as a randomized controlled trial. The reporting of the research will be structured according to the CONSORT checklist. The Psychoeducational Program, grounded in Erikson's Psychosocial Theory, is designed to help older adults cope with self-critical ruminative thoughts and improve their psychological well-being and self-esteem. Based on Erikson's eight stages of development, this program aims to help older individuals review their life journeys and understand how they experienced crises at each stage. Throughout the program, participants are encouraged to reframe their past experiences in a positive way, increase their current well-being, and strengthen their self-esteem. Older adults may face more of their past experiences and uncertainties about the future in the later stages of their lives. During this process, repetitive thoughts, i.e., negative or worrisome thoughts that constantly occupy the mind, can negatively affect individuals' mental health. Psychoeducation programs are an important tool for developing coping skills for such thoughts and improving individuals' quality of life.
The research is planned to be conducted at Dr. İsmail Işık Retirement and Rehabilitation Center in Konya province. The sample size calculation for the study was carried out using the G*Power 3.1.9.7 program. It was calculated that a total of 48 adults, would be sufficient, with an effect size of 0.96, 95% test power, and a margin of error of 0.05. The Standardized Mini Mental Test will be administered to the elderly to determine the inclusion criteria. Individuals over the age of 65, who are literate, have a Standardized Mini Mental Test score of 25 or higher, have no cognitive or perceptual problems, and volunteer to participate in the study will be included. This study also planned to use the Sociodemographic Information Form, the Self-Critical Rumination Scale, the Psychological Well-Being Scale for the Elderly, and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. The psychoeducation program consists of eight sessions. Each session will be held face-to-face once a week for the intervention group. The sessions will be conducted by a researcher (graduate student) once a week (on a day deemed appropriate and recommended by the nursing home) in three groups. Eight 45-minute sessions are planned. During their graduate studies, the researcher has acquired theoretical knowledge about psychoeducation as well as practical knowledge about its application based on the literature.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- A standardized mini mental test will be administered to determine the inclusion criteria for non-rehabilitated elderly adults living in nursing homes. After administering pre-tests to the elderly adults, they will be assigned to the intervention and control groups using a simple randomization method. Elderly adults with a standardized mini mental test score of 25 or above on the https://www.randomizer.org/ will be assigned a number and randomized. Twenty-five individuals will be assigned to the intervention group and 25 to the control group. Randomization will be performed by the thesis advisor, and the researcher will have access to the information in the control and intervention groups prior to implementation. Support will be obtained from an independent statistician for the statistical analysis of the data in the reporting. This will prevent the risk of bias in the results.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Control | No intervention | –A standardized mini mental test will be administered at the beginning of the study to determine the inclusion criteria. Sociodemographic Information Form, Self-Critical Rumination Scale, Psychological Well-Being Scale for Older Adults, and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale will be applied to the control group. No intervention will be made. Measurement tools will be applied for the posttest. |
| Psychoeducation Program | Experimental | Behavioral: Psychoeducation ProgramA standardized mini mental test will be administered at the beginning of the study to determine the inclusion criteria. Sociodemographic Information Form, Self-Critical Rumination Scale, Psychological Well-Being Scale for Older Adults, and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale will be applied to pretest. The psychoeducation will be conducted once a week (on a day deemed appropriate and recommended by the nursing home) by a researcher (graduate student) with three groups. Eight sessions, each lasting 45 minutes, are planned. At the end of the sessions, post-tests of the measurement tools will be performed. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 65 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Being 65 years of age or older,
- Being literate,
- Scoring 25 or above on the Standardized Mini Mental Test,
- Having no hearing or vision problems,
- Volunteering to participate in the study
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Not attending more than two psychoeducation sessions,
- Not wishing to continue the study,
- Being unable to attend due to any physical or mental health condition.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Psychoeducation ProgramThe Psychoeducation Program, grounded in Erikson's Psychosocial Theory, is designed to help older adults cope with self-critical ruminative thoughts and improve their psychological well-being and self-esteem. Based on Erikson's eight stages of development, this program aims to help older individuals review their life journeys and understand how they experienced crises at each stage. Throughout the program, participants are encouraged to reframe their past experiences in a positive way, increase their current well-being, and strengthen their self-esteem. Older adults may face more challenges with past experiences and uncertainties about the future as they progress through life. During this process, repetitive thoughts, i.e., negative or worrisome thoughts that constantly occupy the mind, can negatively affect individuals' mental health. Psychoeducation programs are an important tool for developing coping skills for such thoughts and improving individuals' quality of life. | Behavioural | Psychoeducation Program |
Primary outcome
The effect of the psychoeducation program on self-critical rumination, psychological well-being, and self-esteem
Time frame: At the beginning of the study and at the end of the 8th week
Self-Critical Rumination Scale: The Self-Critical Rumination Scale was created to determine individuals' self-critical rumination. Developed by Smart et al. (2016), the scale was adapted to Turkish by Kocalar (2019). It is a four-point Likert-type measurement tool. The scale has a 10-item, single-factor structure. There is no reverse scoring for the scale items. (Kocalar, 2019). Psychological Well-Being Scale in the Elderly: Developed by Gümüş Demir (2023) to measure the levels of psychological well-being in elderly individuals, the scale consists of 15 items. It is a five-point Likert-type scale. Questions 8 and 13 are reverse-coded, and the minimum score is 15 and the maximum score is 75. As the psychological well-being score increases, so does the level of well-being. Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale: The scale, developed by Rosenberg (1963), was adapted into Turkish by Çuhadaroğlu (1986). The 10-item scale is rated as "very true," "true," "false," and "very false."
1 secondary outcome
The Effect of Psychoeducation Program Applied to Older Adults Based on Psychosocial Development Theory on Self-critical Rumination, Self-esteem and Psychological Well-being
Time frame: At the beginning of the study
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 9 Sep 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Adeviye AYDIN study director
Necmettin Erbakan University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Psychoeducation Program in people with Older Adults (65 Years and Older), run by Necmettin Erbakan University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 9 Sep 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
The effect of the psychoeducation program on self-critical rumination, psychological well-being, and self-esteem (time frame: At the beginning of the study and at the end of the 8th week). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 9 Sep 2026.