ParkinsonNCT07277699
Effects of Otago and Frenkel's Exercises on Strengthening of Antigravity Muscles in Parkinson's Disease.
A study testing Otago exercises and Frenkels exercise in people with Parkinson, run by University of Lahore at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
Using both Otago and Frenkel's exercises offers complementary benefits building muscle strength and refining coordination in anti-gravity muscles making daily activities safer and more fluid for people with Parkinson's. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages Up to 75 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Parkinson
- What is being tested?
- Otago exercises and Frenkels exercise
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 40 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- 18 Aug 2025to 18 Aug 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages Up to 75 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Patient diagnosed with parkinsons disease using the Hoehn and Yahr scale
- Patient age 55-75.
- Both male and female.
- Able to walk independently.
- Willing and ability to provide information consent to participate in study. -
Who cannot join
- Presence of other neurological condition(stroke, multiple sclerosis).
- severe cardiovascular disease.
- major psychiatric disorder.
- currently participating in other study.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Using both Otago and Frenkel's exercises offers complementary benefits building muscle strength and refining coordination in anti-gravity muscles making daily activities safer and more fluid for people with Parkinson's.
Read the detailed description
Combining Otago and Frenkel's exercises can slow functional decline, reduce falls, and improve quality of life for Parkinson's patients. These programs empower patients and families by promoting active participation in care rather than relying only on medications. Early introduction, guided by physiotherapists, gives the best outcomes helping patients stay mobile, confident, and independent for longer.
- Conditions
- Parkinson
- Being tested
- Otago exercises, Frenkels exercise
- Keywords
- Otago,Frenkel's exercises,Parkinson's
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Otago exercisesBehavioural
After collecting the patient's data appropriate modalities will be applied to initiate the treatment session. This includes the use of an Electric Heating pad on the lower limb for 10 mints. Gentle walking will be performed for 1 mints along with arm swing (10 repetitions) and neck stretching focusing on upper trapezius muscle (3 repetition).After that the12 steps of Otago exercise will be performed with 10 repetition.Total session time is 40 mints.
Frenkels exerciseBehavioural
After collecting the patient's data sessions will be delivered 3 times per week lasting for 40 mints only and than appropriate modalities will be applied to initiate the treatment session. This includes the use of an Electric Heating pad on the lower limb for 10 mints. Gentle walking will be performed for 1 mints along with arm swing (10 repetitions) and neck stretching focusing on upper trapezius muscle (3 repetition).After that the steps of Frenkels exercise program will be performed on patients with 10 repetition.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Otago Exercise Program | Experimental | 20 Participants in this arm will undergo a combined exercise program consisting of the Otago Exercise Program (OEP) and conventional Physiotherapy. The intervention is designed to strengthen antigravity muscles (hip, knee, and trunk extensors), improve balance, coordination, and functional mobility, and reduce fall risk in patients with Parkinson's disease. Receives: Behavioral: Otago exercises |
| Frenkel's Exercise Program | Experimental | 20 Participants in this arm will under go Frenkel's Exercises program and conventional physiotherapy. This intervention help Parkinsons patient by improving coordination, balance and enhance motor learning and confidence Receives: Behavioral: Frenkels exercise |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Antigravity muscle strenght (Manual Muscle strength).
Strength of major antigravity muscle including Hip muscles, Knee muscles and ankle muscles.
strength evaluated by using Manual Muscle Testing based on oxford Grading Scale (0-5).
. Grade 0 ( No contraction).
- Grade 1 (trace): slightly contraction detected but no movement occur at joint.
- Grade 2 (poor): Full range of motion in a gravity eliminated position.
- Grade 3(Fair): Full range of motion against gravity.
- Grade4 (Good): Full range of motion against gravity moderate resistance.
- Grade5 (Normal) Full Range of motion against gravity and maximum resistance. Participants tested in standardized position for each group. unit of measurement : MMT grade (0-5)
Measured: Baseline before treatment (week 0) post -interventiom (week 4 )
Balance and reduction in fall risk.
Balance assessed through the Berg Balance Scale (BBS). Berg Balance Scale items: 14 Tasks (sit to stand, standing, stepping, unsupported, reaching, turning) total score (0-56) scoring:0-4 for each task Maximum score=56 41-56=low Fall risk 21-40=Medium Fall risk 0-20=High Fall risk
Measured: baseline Before treatment (0 Week) post- intervention ( 4 week )
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted11 Dec 2025
- Study start18 Aug 2025
- Primary completion18 Aug 2025
- Study completion18 Aug 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for ParkinsonStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by University of LahoreThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 40 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Lahore
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07277699
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- UOL/IREB/25/09/0051
- Other IDs
- uol
- Status last verified
- Aug 2025
- First submitted
- 26 Aug 2025
- Last updated
- 11 Dec 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 11 Dec 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effects of Otago and Frenkel's Exercises on Strengthening of Antigravity Muscles in Parkinson's Disease.
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07277699
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- UOL/IREB/25/09/0051
- Conditions
- Parkinson
- Keywords
- Otago,Frenkel's exercises,Parkinson's
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 40 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of LahoreUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 18 Aug 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 18 Aug 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 18 Aug 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 11 Dec 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Using both Otago and Frenkel's exercises offers complementary benefits building muscle strength and refining coordination in anti-gravity muscles making daily activities safer and more fluid for people with Parkinson's.
Detailed description
Combining Otago and Frenkel's exercises can slow functional decline, reduce falls, and improve quality of life for Parkinson's patients. These programs empower patients and families by promoting active participation in care rather than relying only on medications. Early introduction, guided by physiotherapists, gives the best outcomes helping patients stay mobile, confident, and independent for longer.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Otago Exercise Program | Experimental | Behavioral: Otago exercises20 Participants in this arm will undergo a combined exercise program consisting of the Otago Exercise Program (OEP) and conventional Physiotherapy. The intervention is designed to strengthen antigravity muscles (hip, knee, and trunk extensors), improve balance, coordination, and functional mobility, and reduce fall risk in patients with Parkinson's disease. |
| Frenkel's Exercise Program | Experimental | Behavioral: Frenkels exercise20 Participants in this arm will under go Frenkel's Exercises program and conventional physiotherapy. This intervention help Parkinsons patient by improving coordination, balance and enhance motor learning and confidence |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- Up to 75 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Patient diagnosed with parkinsons disease using the Hoehn and Yahr scale
- Patient age 55-75.
- Both male and female.
- Able to walk independently.
- Willing and ability to provide information consent to participate in study. -
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Presence of other neurological condition(stroke, multiple sclerosis).
- severe cardiovascular disease.
- major psychiatric disorder.
- currently participating in other study.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Otago exercisesAfter collecting the patient's data appropriate modalities will be applied to initiate the treatment session. This includes the use of an Electric Heating pad on the lower limb for 10 mints. Gentle walking will be performed for 1 mints along with arm swing (10 repetitions) and neck stretching focusing on upper trapezius muscle (3 repetition).After that the12 steps of Otago exercise will be performed with 10 repetition.Total session time is 40 mints. | Behavioural | Otago Exercise Program |
| Frenkels exerciseAfter collecting the patient's data sessions will be delivered 3 times per week lasting for 40 mints only and than appropriate modalities will be applied to initiate the treatment session. This includes the use of an Electric Heating pad on the lower limb for 10 mints. Gentle walking will be performed for 1 mints along with arm swing (10 repetitions) and neck stretching focusing on upper trapezius muscle (3 repetition).After that the steps of Frenkels exercise program will be performed on patients with 10 repetition. | Behavioural | Frenkel's Exercise Program |
Primary outcome
Antigravity muscle strenght (Manual Muscle strength).
Time frame: Baseline before treatment (week 0) post -interventiom (week 4 )
Strength of major antigravity muscle including Hip muscles, Knee muscles and ankle muscles. strength evaluated by using Manual Muscle Testing based on oxford Grading Scale (0-5). . Grade 0 ( No contraction). * Grade 1 (trace): slightly contraction detected but no movement occur at joint. * Grade 2 (poor): Full range of motion in a gravity eliminated position. * Grade 3(Fair): Full range of motion against gravity. * Grade4 (Good): Full range of motion against gravity moderate resistance. * Grade5 (Normal) Full Range of motion against gravity and maximum resistance. Participants tested in standardized position for each group. unit of measurement : MMT grade (0-5)
Balance and reduction in fall risk.
Time frame: baseline Before treatment (0 Week) post- intervention ( 4 week )
Balance assessed through the Berg Balance Scale (BBS). Berg Balance Scale items: 14 Tasks (sit to stand, standing, stepping, unsupported, reaching, turning) total score (0-56) scoring:0-4 for each task Maximum score=56 41-56=low Fall risk 21-40=Medium Fall risk 0-20=High Fall risk
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 11 Dec 2025.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Otago exercises and Frenkels exercise in people with Parkinson, run by University of Lahore at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 11 Dec 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Antigravity muscle strenght (Manual Muscle strength). (time frame: Baseline before treatment (week 0) post -interventiom (week 4 )). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 11 Dec 2025.