Temporomandibular DisorderNCT07292103
Trauma Exposure and Childhood Trauma in Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
An observational study of Temporomandibular Disorder and Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction, run by Gulseren Demir Karakilic at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
Temporomandibular disorder is a multifactorial condition that involves the temporomandibular joint, masticatory muscles, and surrounding structures and is influenced by biological, psychological, and social factors. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 65 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Temporomandibular Disorder, Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction, Trauma Exposure
- How many people
- 102 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 22 May 2025to 10 Oct 2025
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Study population: This study included adults aged 18 to 65 years who were recruited from the Otorhinolaryngology outpatient clinic of Gaziantep City Hospital, Türkiye. The patient group consisted of individuals who were clinically diagnosed with temporomandibular disorder, while the control group comprised healthy volunteers without a diagnosis of temporomandibular disorder who were matched to the patient group for age and sex. All participants were cognitively intact, literate, and provided written informed consent prior to participation.
Who may be able to join
- Adults aged 18 to 65 years
- Clinically diagnosed with temporomandibular disorder according to standardized clinical evaluation
- Cognitively competent and literate individuals capable of completing questionnaires
- Voluntary agreement to participate and provision of written informed consent
Who cannot join
- History of neurological, psychiatric, or systemic diseases that may affect study participation or data reliability
- Cognitive impairment that prevents completion of questionnaires
- History of major maxillofacial surgery or trauma not related to temporomandibular disorder
- Current substance abuse or alcohol dependence
- Refusal or inability to provide informed consent
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Yozgat Bozok University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Yozgat, Yozgat, 66100
About this study
Official title: Effects of Trauma Exposure and Childhood Trauma on Function and Quality of Life in Patients With Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
Temporomandibular disorder is a multifactorial condition that involves the temporomandibular joint, masticatory muscles, and surrounding structures and is influenced by biological, psychological, and social factors. Parafunctional habits, bruxism, trauma, and occlusal discrepancies have been recognized as important etiological contributors, while psychosocial stressors and early life experiences also play a critical role. Adverse childhood experiences, including neglect and abuse, have been identified as risk factors for long-term psychological vulnerability and physical health problems. Trauma exposure throughout life may further increase the risk of temporomandibular symptoms and negatively affect functional outcomes and quality of life.
The present prospective, cross-sectional case-control study aims to investigate the frequency and impact of childhood trauma and lifetime trauma exposure on functional outcomes and health-related quality of life in patients with temporomandibular disorder. A clinical sample of patients diagnosed with temporomandibular disorder is compared with healthy individuals matched for age and sex. All participants complete standardized questionnaires assessing mandibular function, symptoms of anxiety and depression, cumulative trauma exposure across childhood, adolescence, and adulthood, childhood maltreatment, and health-related quality of life.
By systematically integrating validated measures of both early and later traumatic experiences, this study seeks to provide a comprehensive understanding of the contribution of trauma to the severity and psychosocial burden of temporomandibular disorder. The findings are expected to emphasize the importance of incorporating trauma screening and psychological assessment into the routine evaluation and multidisciplinary management of patients with temporomandibular disorder.
Read the detailed description
Temporomandibular disorder encompasses a spectrum of neuromuscular and musculoskeletal conditions affecting the temporomandibular joint, masticatory muscles, and related structures. Although its etiology is complex, psychological and social factors have been shown to strongly influence symptom severity and persistence. Previous studies have demonstrated associations between temporomandibular disorder, anxiety, depression, and somatization. Childhood trauma and lifetime traumatic experiences are important determinants of long-term psychological and physical health. However, limited research has investigated the combined influence of adverse childhood experiences and cumulative trauma exposure on functional impairment and quality of life in patients with temporomandibular disorder.
This study was designed to evaluate the prevalence and impact of childhood trauma and lifetime trauma exposure on mandibular function and quality of life in patients with temporomandibular disorder compared with healthy controls.
Study Design
This is a prospective, cross-sectional, observational, case-control study conducted between May 2025 and October 2025. The study protocol was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee (Approval No: 197/2025). Written and verbal informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to enrollment.
Participants
The patient group consists of adults aged 18 to 65 years with a clinical diagnosis of temporomandibular disorder who are cognitively competent, literate, and willing to participate. The control group consists of healthy individuals without a diagnosis of temporomandibular disorder who are matched with the patient group for age and sex. Control participants are also required to be cognitively competent, literate, and willing to provide informed consent.
Data Collection and Assessments
Data are collected through structured, face-to-face interviews conducted by trained researchers at the otorhinolaryngology outpatient clinic of Gaziantep City Hospital. Participants complete a sociodemographic questionnaire and the following validated assessment instruments:
Mandibular Function Impairment Questionnaire: A seventeen-item self-report measure assessing functional limitations of the mandible, with higher scores indicating greater impairment.
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale: A fourteen-item questionnaire assessing symptoms of anxiety and depression through two separate subscales.
International Trauma Exposure Measure: A checklist used to identify exposure to potentially traumatic events across childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. It provides subscale scores for each developmental stage as well as a cumulative lifetime trauma score.
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire: A twenty-eight-item instrument assessing retrospective experiences of childhood maltreatment across five domains, including physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, physical neglect, and emotional neglect.
Short Form 36 Health Survey: A thirty-six-item questionnaire evaluating health-related quality of life across eight domains, including physical functioning, role limitations due to physical health, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, role limitations due to emotional problems, and mental health.
All instruments are administered in person by the same research team to ensure consistency, reliability, and minimization of measurement bias.
- Conditions
- Temporomandibular Disorder, Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction, Trauma Exposure, Childhood Traumas, Psychological Distress, Quality of Life Impairment
- Keywords
- Temporomandibular Joint Disorder, Temporomandibular Disorder, Temporomandibular Dysfunction, Mandibular Function Impairment Questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, International Trauma Exposure Measure, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Short Form-36 Health Survey, Trauma Exposure, Childhood Maltreatment, Adverse Childhood Experiences, Anxiety, Depression, Psychosocial Factors, Quality of Life
- Medical subject headings
- Temporomandibular Joint Disorders, Depression, Anxiety Disorders
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Temporomandibular Disorder Group | Adults aged 18 to 65 years with a clinical diagnosis of temporomandibular disorder were included. Participants were cognitively competent, literate, and provided written informed consent. All participants completed structured interviews and standardized questionnaires, including the Mandibular Function Impairment Questionnaire, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the International Trauma Exposure Measure, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, and the Short Form 36 Health Survey. | |
| Healthy Control Group | Adults aged 18 to 65 years without a clinical diagnosis of temporomandibular disorder were included. The control group was matched to the patient group according to age and sex. All participants were cognitively competent, literate, and provided written informed consent. Participants in the control group completed the same structured interviews and standardized questionnaires as the patient group, including the Mandibular Function Impairment Questionnaire, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the International Trauma Exposure Measure, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, and the Short Form 36 Health Survey. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
International Trauma Exposure Measure
The International Trauma Exposure Measure is a standardized checklist designed to evaluate exposure to potentially traumatic events according to the definition of trauma in the International Classification of Diseases, Eleventh Revision. The instrument assesses trauma exposure across three developmental periods: childhood (0-12 years), adolescence (13-18 years), and adulthood (older than 18 years). Subscale scores are calculated separately for each developmental period, and a cumulative lifetime trauma score is obtained by summing all reported events across the lifespan. The Turkish version of the International Trauma Exposure Measure has been validated and demonstrates strong reliability and psychometric properties.
Measured: At baseline
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire
The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire is a 28-item self-report instrument that retrospectively assesses experiences of childhood maltreatment. It consists of five subscales: physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, physical neglect, and emotional neglect. Three additional items assess denial or minimization of abuse. Each item is scored on a five-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (never true) to 5 (very often true). Higher subscale and total scores indicate greater severity of childhood trauma. The Turkish adaptation of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire has been validated and has demonstrated high internal consistency and test-retest reliability.
Measured: At baseline
Secondary outcomes (3)
Mandibular Function Impairment Questionnaire
The Mandibular Function Impairment Questionnaire is a 17-item self-report questionnaire that evaluates perceived limitations in mandibular function. Each item is rated on a five-point Likert scale ranging from 0 (no difficulty) to 4 (very severe difficulty). Total scores range from 0 to 68, with higher scores indicating greater functional impairment. The questionnaire assesses functional limitations during activities such as chewing, speaking, yawning, and other daily tasks. The Turkish adaptation of the Mandibular Function Impairment Questionnaire has been validated and shown to have high reliability and validity.
Measured: At baseline
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale is a 14-item questionnaire comprising two subscales: anxiety (7 items) and depression (7 items). Each item is scored from 0 to 3, yielding subscale scores ranging from 0 to 21. Higher scores indicate greater symptom severity. Cut-off values for the depression subscale are defined as follows: 0-7 (normal), 8-10 (mild), 11-14 (moderate), and 15-21 (severe). Similar cut-off values are applied to the anxiety subscale. The Turkish version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale has been validated and demonstrates good reliability.
Measured: At baseline
Short Form 36 Health Survey
The Short Form 36 Health Survey is a 36-item instrument that assesses health-related quality of life across eight domains: physical functioning, role limitations due to physical health problems, bodily pain, general health perceptions, vitality, social functioning, role limitations due to emotional problems, and mental health. Each domain is scored on a scale from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better perceived health status. The Turkish version of the Short Form 36 Health Survey has been validated and shown to have strong reliability.
Measured: At baseline
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted18 Dec 2025
- Study start22 May 2025
- Primary completion10 Oct 2025
- Study completion10 Oct 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (6)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Temporomandibular DisorderStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Case-control
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
- Enrolment
- 102 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Gulseren Demir Karakilic
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Bozok University, Gaziantep City Hospital
- Responsible party
- Sponsor-investigator, Gulseren Demir Karakilic, Bozok University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07292103
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 197/2025
- Status last verified
- Dec 2025
- First submitted
- 5 Dec 2025
- Last updated
- 29 Dec 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: Individual participant data (individual participant data) collected during this study, including all de-identified questionnaire and assessment data related to temporomandibular disorder, trauma exposure, childhood experiences, and quality of life, will be made available by the corresponding author upon reasonable request for research purposes.
Publications
Kocyigit, H., Turkish validity and reliability of short-form 36. Drug Treat, 1999. 12: p. 102-106
Şar, V., P.E. ÖZTÜRK, and E. İkikardeş, Çocukluk çağı ruhsal travma ölçeğinin Türkçe uyarlamasının geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği. Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences, 2012. 32(4): p. 1054-1063.
Gündoğmuş, İ., et al., Psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the International Trauma Questionnaire. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 2023. 32(12): p. 1847-1865.
Hyland P, Karatzias T, Shevlin M, McElroy E, Ben-Ezra M, Cloitre M, Brewin CR. Does requiring trauma exposure affect rates of ICD-11 PTSD and complex PTSD? Implications for DSM-5. Psychol Trauma. 2021 Feb;13(2):133-141. doi: 10.1037/tra0000908. Epub 2020 Sep 10.
PubMed 32915045Aydemir, Ö., et al., Validity and reliability of Turkish version of hospital anxiety and depression scale. Turk Psikiyatri Derg, 1997. 8(4): p. 280-7.
Kılınç, H.E., et al., Further Validity and Reliability of Turkish Version of the Mandibular Functional Impairment Questionnaire in Patients with Temporomandibular Dysfunction. Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences, 2022. 7(1): p. 214-222.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 29 Dec 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effects of Trauma Exposure and Childhood Trauma on Function and Quality of Life in Patients With Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07292103
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 197/2025
- Conditions
- Temporomandibular Disorder, Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction, Trauma Exposure, Childhood Traumas, Psychological Distress, Quality of Life Impairment
- Keywords
- Temporomandibular Joint Disorder, Temporomandibular Disorder, Temporomandibular Dysfunction, Mandibular Function Impairment Questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, International Trauma Exposure Measure, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Short Form-36 Health Survey
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 102 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Gulseren Demir KarakilicUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Bozok University, Gaziantep City Hospital
- Study start
- 22 May 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 10 Oct 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 10 Oct 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 18 Dec 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Temporomandibular disorder is a multifactorial condition that involves the temporomandibular joint, masticatory muscles, and surrounding structures and is influenced by biological, psychological, and social factors. Parafunctional habits, bruxism, trauma, and occlusal discrepancies have been recognized as important etiological contributors, while psychosocial stressors and early life experiences also play a critical role. Adverse childhood experiences, including neglect and abuse, have been identified as risk factors for long-term psychological vulnerability and physical health problems. Trauma exposure throughout life may further increase the risk of temporomandibular symptoms and negatively affect functional outcomes and quality of life.
The present prospective, cross-sectional case-control study aims to investigate the frequency and impact of childhood trauma and lifetime trauma exposure on functional outcomes and health-related quality of life in patients with temporomandibular disorder. A clinical sample of patients diagnosed with temporomandibular disorder is compared with healthy individuals matched for age and sex. All participants complete standardized questionnaires assessing mandibular function, symptoms of anxiety and depression, cumulative trauma exposure across childhood, adolescence, and adulthood, childhood maltreatment, and health-related quality of life.
By systematically integrating validated measures of both early and later traumatic experiences, this study seeks to provide a comprehensive understanding of the contribution of trauma to the severity and psychosocial burden of temporomandibular disorder. The findings are expected to emphasize the importance of incorporating trauma screening and psychological assessment into the routine evaluation and multidisciplinary management of patients with temporomandibular disorder.
Detailed description
Temporomandibular disorder encompasses a spectrum of neuromuscular and musculoskeletal conditions affecting the temporomandibular joint, masticatory muscles, and related structures. Although its etiology is complex, psychological and social factors have been shown to strongly influence symptom severity and persistence. Previous studies have demonstrated associations between temporomandibular disorder, anxiety, depression, and somatization. Childhood trauma and lifetime traumatic experiences are important determinants of long-term psychological and physical health. However, limited research has investigated the combined influence of adverse childhood experiences and cumulative trauma exposure on functional impairment and quality of life in patients with temporomandibular disorder.
This study was designed to evaluate the prevalence and impact of childhood trauma and lifetime trauma exposure on mandibular function and quality of life in patients with temporomandibular disorder compared with healthy controls.
Study Design
This is a prospective, cross-sectional, observational, case-control study conducted between May 2025 and October 2025. The study protocol was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee (Approval No: 197/2025). Written and verbal informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to enrollment.
Participants
The patient group consists of adults aged 18 to 65 years with a clinical diagnosis of temporomandibular disorder who are cognitively competent, literate, and willing to participate. The control group consists of healthy individuals without a diagnosis of temporomandibular disorder who are matched with the patient group for age and sex. Control participants are also required to be cognitively competent, literate, and willing to provide informed consent.
Data Collection and Assessments
Data are collected through structured, face-to-face interviews conducted by trained researchers at the otorhinolaryngology outpatient clinic of Gaziantep City Hospital. Participants complete a sociodemographic questionnaire and the following validated assessment instruments:
Mandibular Function Impairment Questionnaire: A seventeen-item self-report measure assessing functional limitations of the mandible, with higher scores indicating greater impairment.
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale: A fourteen-item questionnaire assessing symptoms of anxiety and depression through two separate subscales.
International Trauma Exposure Measure: A checklist used to identify exposure to potentially traumatic events across childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. It provides subscale scores for each developmental stage as well as a cumulative lifetime trauma score.
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire: A twenty-eight-item instrument assessing retrospective experiences of childhood maltreatment across five domains, including physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, physical neglect, and emotional neglect.
Short Form 36 Health Survey: A thirty-six-item questionnaire evaluating health-related quality of life across eight domains, including physical functioning, role limitations due to physical health, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, role limitations due to emotional problems, and mental health.
All instruments are administered in person by the same research team to ensure consistency, reliability, and minimization of measurement bias.
Study design
- Observational model
- Case-control
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Temporomandibular Disorder Group | – | –Adults aged 18 to 65 years with a clinical diagnosis of temporomandibular disorder were included. Participants were cognitively competent, literate, and provided written informed consent. All participants completed structured interviews and standardized questionnaires, including the Mandibular Function Impairment Questionnaire, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the International Trauma Exposure Measure, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, and the Short Form 36 Health Survey. |
| Healthy Control Group | – | –Adults aged 18 to 65 years without a clinical diagnosis of temporomandibular disorder were included. The control group was matched to the patient group according to age and sex. All participants were cognitively competent, literate, and provided written informed consent. Participants in the control group completed the same structured interviews and standardized questionnaires as the patient group, including the Mandibular Function Impairment Questionnaire, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the International Trauma Exposure Measure, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, and the Short Form 36 Health Survey. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 65 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- This study included adults aged 18 to 65 years who were recruited from the Otorhinolaryngology outpatient clinic of Gaziantep City Hospital, Türkiye. The patient group consisted of individuals who were clinically diagnosed with temporomandibular disorder, while the control group comprised healthy volunteers without a diagnosis of temporomandibular disorder who were matched to the patient group for age and sex. All participants were cognitively intact, literate, and provided written informed consent prior to participation.
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Adults aged 18 to 65 years
- Clinically diagnosed with temporomandibular disorder according to standardized clinical evaluation
- Cognitively competent and literate individuals capable of completing questionnaires
- Voluntary agreement to participate and provision of written informed consent
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- History of neurological, psychiatric, or systemic diseases that may affect study participation or data reliability
- Cognitive impairment that prevents completion of questionnaires
- History of major maxillofacial surgery or trauma not related to temporomandibular disorder
- Current substance abuse or alcohol dependence
- Refusal or inability to provide informed consent
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Primary outcome
International Trauma Exposure Measure
Time frame: At baseline
The International Trauma Exposure Measure is a standardized checklist designed to evaluate exposure to potentially traumatic events according to the definition of trauma in the International Classification of Diseases, Eleventh Revision. The instrument assesses trauma exposure across three developmental periods: childhood (0-12 years), adolescence (13-18 years), and adulthood (older than 18 years). Subscale scores are calculated separately for each developmental period, and a cumulative lifetime trauma score is obtained by summing all reported events across the lifespan. The Turkish version of the International Trauma Exposure Measure has been validated and demonstrates strong reliability and psychometric properties.
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire
Time frame: At baseline
The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire is a 28-item self-report instrument that retrospectively assesses experiences of childhood maltreatment. It consists of five subscales: physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, physical neglect, and emotional neglect. Three additional items assess denial or minimization of abuse. Each item is scored on a five-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (never true) to 5 (very often true). Higher subscale and total scores indicate greater severity of childhood trauma. The Turkish adaptation of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire has been validated and has demonstrated high internal consistency and test-retest reliability.
3 secondary outcomes
Mandibular Function Impairment Questionnaire
Time frame: At baseline
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
Time frame: At baseline
Short Form 36 Health Survey
Time frame: At baseline
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 29 Dec 2025.
- BackgroundKocyigit, H., Turkish validity and reliability of short-form 36. Drug Treat, 1999. 12: p. 102-106
- BackgroundŞar, V., P.E. ÖZTÜRK, and E. İkikardeş, Çocukluk çağı ruhsal travma ölçeğinin Türkçe uyarlamasının geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği. Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences, 2012. 32(4): p. 1054-1063.
- BackgroundGündoğmuş, İ., et al., Psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the International Trauma Questionnaire. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 2023. 32(12): p. 1847-1865.
- Background: PubMed 32915045Hyland P, Karatzias T, Shevlin M, McElroy E, Ben-Ezra M, Cloitre M, Brewin CR. Does requiring trauma exposure affect rates of ICD-11 PTSD and complex PTSD? Implications for DSM-5. Psychol Trauma. 2021 Feb;13(2):133-141. doi: 10.1037/tra0000908. Epub 2020 Sep 10.
- BackgroundAydemir, Ö., et al., Validity and reliability of Turkish version of hospital anxiety and depression scale. Turk Psikiyatri Derg, 1997. 8(4): p. 280-7.
- BackgroundKılınç, H.E., et al., Further Validity and Reliability of Turkish Version of the Mandibular Functional Impairment Questionnaire in Patients with Temporomandibular Dysfunction. Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences, 2022. 7(1): p. 214-222.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. Individual participant data (individual participant data) collected during this study, including all de-identified questionnaire and assessment data related to temporomandibular disorder, trauma exposure, childhood experiences, and quality of life, will be made available by the corresponding author upon reasonable request for research purposes.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Temporomandibular Disorder and Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction, run by Gulseren Demir Karakilic at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 29 Dec 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
International Trauma Exposure Measure (time frame: At baseline). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07292103, which also lists 6 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 29 Dec 2025.