Mycobacterium Abscessus InfectionPhase 2REBOUNDNCT07301320
Epetraborole in Patients With Mycobacterium Abscessus Lung Disease
A Phase 2 study testing Epetraborole in people with Mycobacterium Abscessus Infection, run by Kevin Winthrop at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multicenter, prospective, investigator-initiated trial will evaluate epetraborole (EBO) monotherapy in the treatment of adults with Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MABc) Lung Disease (LD) of mild to moderate severity. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Mycobacterium Abscessus Infection
- What is being tested?
- Epetraborole
- Type of treatment
- Pill or oral medicine
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 84 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 30 Mar 2026to May 2028
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Male or female patients who are 18 years of age or older.
- Willing and able to provide written informed consent.
- Patients with MABc lung disease, meeting the following (a) Microbiological, (b) Clinical, (c) Radiographic
- Microbiological criteria: i. Documentation of at least 1 Pre-Study MABc-positive respiratory specimen (sputum or deep bronchial specimen) collected per standard of care within 6 months prior to signing the consent form.
- At least 1 Screening MABc-positive expectorated or induced sputum sample. b. Clinical criteria: At least 2 of the following patient-reported clinical symptoms: i. Chest pain ii. Chronic cough iii. Coughing up blood iv. Fatigue v. Fever (documented by thermometer) vi. Mucus (sputum) production vii. Night sweats (drenching perspiration with no other obvious etiology, e.g. perimenopausal) viii. Poor appetite ix. Shortness of breath x. Weight loss (unintentional, more than 5% of usual weight in 6 to 12 months) c. Radiographic criteria: Non-contrast chest CT scan within 4 months prior to signing the ICF (Pre-Study chest CT) or within the Screening Period (Screening chest CT) with abnormalities consistent with MABc-LD based on local interpretation (e.g. Investigator or local radiologist).
- Patients who, in the opinion of the investigator, will not require initiation of guideline-directed antibiotic therapy for treatment of MABc-LD within the next 6 months, and for whom a delay, in order for the subject to participate in a placebo-controlled clinical trial, is considered both reasonable and clinically acceptable.
Show all 10Show fewer
- Patients who are willing to comply with all the study activities and procedures throughout the duration of the study.
- Patients must agree to use an effective method of birth control, if applicable, as follows: Females of childbearing potential (FOCPs; defined in Appendix 1, Contraception Requirements) must commit to either sexual abstinence or use of at least 2 medically accepted, effective methods of birth control (defined in Contraception Requirements) from Screening through the EOS Visit
- Males who are sexually active with a FOCP must agree to use an effective barrier method of contraception (defined in Contraception Requirements) from Screening through the EOS Visit
- Patients expected to survive with continued antimycobacterial therapy and appropriate supportive care from Screening through the LFU Visit, in the judgment of the Investigator.
Who cannot join
- Patients with a presence of any suspected or confirmed disease or condition at Screening or the time of randomization that, in the opinion of the Investigator, may confound the assessment of symptom-based clinical response, including, but not limited to, the following:
- Radiographic presence of cavitary disease (defined as a patient with one or more cavities >2 cm internal diameter)
- Cystic fibrosis or other inherited disorders of airway ciliary dysfunction (e.g., primary ciliary dyskinesia)
- Active allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis
- Anticipated or planned lung surgery for treatment of MABc lung disease
- Disseminated MABc infection, or other known or suspected non-pulmonary source of infection (e.g., infective endocarditis, osteomyelitis, meningitis, or urinary tract infection) requiring non-study antimicrobial therapy
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- Concomitant pulmonary infection requiring antimicrobial therapy, including infection caused by fungi, viruses, non-MABc mycobacteria (e.g., Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium intracellulare, Mycobacterium avium complex, Mycobacterium kansasii), or other bacteria (e.g., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus).
- Note: Patients with MABc lung disease and concomitant non-MABc lung infection requiring antimicrobial therapy must complete the antimicrobial treatment for the non-MABc infection prior to randomization. Patients with respiratory specimen cultures that contain growth of non-MABc organisms that are deemed by the Investigator to be respiratory tract colonizers and who do not require or receive specific antimicrobial therapy may remain eligible. The Investigator should discuss such cases with the Study Investigator prior to randomization and provide rationale for study eligibility in the source document.
- Patients on brensocatib who have not been on a stable dose for at least 12 weeks.
- Patients with active pulmonary malignancy (primary or metastatic) or any malignancy that required or would require chemotherapy or radiation therapy within 1 year prior to randomization through the LFU Visit.
- Patients with creatinine clearance (CrCl) of <30 mL/min, as estimated by the Cockcroft-Gault formula, at Screening: Estimated CrCl (mL/min) = (140 - Age [years]) × Actual Body Weight [kg] × [0.85 if Female]) / (72 × Serum Creatinine [mg/dL]).
- Patients with any of the following hematological findings:
- Hemoglobin <11.0 g/dL or <6.83 mmol/L.
- Donation of blood or plasma within 28 days prior to randomization; or symptomatic loss of blood or hemorrhage within 28 days prior to randomization.
- Pre-existing (inborn or acquired) disorder of hematopoiesis that could substantially worsen the effect of EBO on hemoglobin levels or potentially prevent hemoglobin recovery post cessation of treatment, for example, thalassemia, sickle cell disease, hemolytic anemia, Inherited bone marrow failure syndromes, myelodysplastic or myeloproliferative disorders, bone marrow transplantation
- Patients with severe hemoptysis within 28 days prior to randomization, defined as >100 mL (approximately >7 tbsp blood) over any 24-hour period.
- Patients with severe hepatic impairment, as evidenced by alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) >3 × upper limit of normal (ULN) or total bilirubin >2 × ULN, or clinical signs of cirrhosis or end-stage hepatic disease (e.g., ascites, hepatic encephalopathy).
- Patients who are pregnant or breastfeeding.
- Patients with a mean QT interval corrected using Fridericia's formula (QTcF) >500 msec based 12-lead ECG at Screening.
- Patients with an immunodeficiency or an immunocompromised condition and risk for an opportunistic pulmonary infection, including:
- History of lung transplantation
- Known history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection plus either an active acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-defining illness in the past 12 months, or a known cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) count <200/mm3 within the past 12 months
- Neutropenia at Screening (absolute neutrophil count <1,000 neutrophils/mm3)
- Use of immunosuppressive therapy at Screening that in the opinion of the Investigator may place the patient at risk for an opportunistic pulmonary infection, including transplant rejection medication and chronic systemic corticosteroids defined as ≥15 mg/day of prednisone or systemic equivalent for >4 weeks.
- Patients with an anticipated start of new non-study antimycobacterial therapy to be administered at any time between Screening and EOT.
- Patients who have participated in a clinical trial of an investigational agent within 30 days (or 5 half-lives, whichever is longer) prior to Screening.
- Patients with any prior exposure to epetraborole.
- Patients with any condition that, in the opinion of the Investigator, interferes with the ability to safely complete the study or adhere to study requirements, including the patient's inability or unwillingness to comply with all study assessments and visits.
- Patients with hypersensitivity to any EBO excipient (e.g., microcrystalline cellulose, colloidal silicon dioxide, croscarmellose sodium, magnesium stearate, polyvinyl alcohol, titanium dioxide, polyethylene glycol, talc).
- Patients with a history of eosinophilic interstitial pneumonitis
- For eligibility purposes, vital signs, clinical laboratory tests, and ECGs may be repeated once if an abnormal result is observed at the initial reading during Screening.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
United States1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Oregon Health & Science University
Portland, Oregon, 97239
Alyssa Schroeder, 503-494-2136, rebound@ohsu.edu
Felicity Coulter, PhD, 503-494-2565, rebound@ohsu.edu
About this study
Official title: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multicenter, Prospective, Investigator-Initiated Trial to Assess the Efficacy, Safety, and Pharmacokinetics of Epetraborole in Patients With Mycobacterium Abscessus Lung Disease: REBOUND Study
This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multicenter, prospective, investigator-initiated trial will evaluate epetraborole (EBO) monotherapy in the treatment of adults with Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MABc) Lung Disease (LD) of mild to moderate severity. For this study, two EBO oral dose regimens will be studied in patients with MABc-LD, each compared to a placebo group (ie, 4 treatment groups): 500 mg daily and 750 mg daily. Detailed inclusion and exclusion criteria attempt to identify only those patients who have acceptable risks based upon the EBO preclinical findings, phase 1, phase 2, and Phase 3 experience; standard-of-care procedures; and the specified procedures of the study. Following receipt of informed consent, and a Screening period, eligible patients will be randomized to one of the 4 treatment groups to receive active or matched placebo EBO tablets for 84 days. Patients will be assessed for clinical and microbiological evidence of efficacy. At selected investigative sites, patients will undergo sparse PK sampling. Safety and tolerability will be determined by standard clinical and laboratory assessment, with oversight by a qualified and appropriately constituted Data Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB). Data collected during the study will be analyzed per a comprehensive Statistical Analysis Plan (SAP). The study will be registered on clinicaltrials.gov. The total duration of patient participation is approximately 6 months.
Read the detailed description
Non-tuberculous mycobacterial lung disease (NTM-LD) is a chronic, debilitating disease that can cause significant morbidity and mortality, and reduces quality of life. The primary intervention to treat NTM-LD is antibiotic treatment to eliminate the causative pathogen and thereby prevent progression of NTM-associated lung destruction and respiratory compromise. Among NTM organisms causing pulmonary infection, Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MABc) LD requires particularly complicated, prolonged and onerous intravenous treatment regimens that are burdensome to patients. New therapeutic options, especially those that can be administered orally, represent a high unmet need.
Epetraborole (EBO), a boron-containing heterocycle also possessing amine and hydroxyl functional groups, blocks bacterial protein synthesis by inhibiting bacterial LeuRS. Epetraborole is active against Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MABc) organisms in vitro, including against isolates resistant to drugs commonly used to treat MABc-Lung Disease (LD) (e.g., clarithromycin and amikacin). To date, no clinical efficacy data are available for use of EBO in humans with MABc-LD. However, available nonclinical and PK data support the potential efficacy of EBO in MABc-LD. A Phase 1 human lung PK study in healthy volunteers showed that the exposure of EBO in alveolar (lung) macrophages, lung cells that are primarily infected with mycobacteria in NTM-LD, was approximately 5-fold higher than in plasma. EBO exposure in pulmonary epithelial lining fluid (ELF) is approximately 53% of that in plasma. Because NTM organisms may also be found in ELF, adequate EBO concentrations in that space are potentially important to achieve therapeutic success. Furthermore, PK/PD modeling data support the potential efficacy of EBO for treatment of MABc-LD. Since the EBO MIC90 for MABc isolates is ~256-fold lower than that observed for MAC isolates from the truncated EBO-301 Phase 2/3 study in treatment-refractory Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease, treatment outcomes in MABc-LD are expected to be favorable. The molecule therefore has the potential to address the unmet need in MABc-LD patients with limited treatment options.
For this study, two oral EBO dose regimens will be studied in patients with MABc-LD compared to placebo: 500 mg daily and 750 mg daily.
- Conditions
- Mycobacterium Abscessus Infection
- Being tested
- Epetraborole, Placebo
- Keywords
- NTM, nontuberculous mycobacteria, Mycobacterium abscessus, M. abscessus, abscessus
- Medical subject headings
- Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
EpetraboroleDrug
High-dose intervention (750mg daily)
EpetraboroleDrug
Low-dose intervention (500mg daily)
PlaceboDrug
Placebo intervention (matching the high-dose experimental intervention)
PlaceboDrug
Placebo intervention (matching the low-dose experimental intervention)
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| High Dose Epetraborole | Experimental | This arm is a daily treatment regimen of a 750mg oral dose of Epetraborole. Receives: Drug: Epetraborole |
| Low Dose Epetraborole | Experimental | This arm is a daily treatment regimen of a 500mg oral dose of Epetraborole. Receives: Drug: Epetraborole |
| High Dose Placebo | Placebo comparator | This arm is a daily treatment regimen of a placebo, matching the high dose experimental arm. Receives: Drug: Placebo |
| Low Dose Placebo | Placebo comparator | This arm is a daily treatment regimen of a placebo, matching the low dose experimental arm. Receives: Drug: Placebo |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Clinical Response (NTM Symptom Evaluation Instrument) at Day 84
Improvement in severity of at least 50% of the symptoms present at baseline and no deterioration in severity of symptoms present at baseline
Measured: Day 1 to Day 84
Sputum culture conversion by Day 84
Defined as 3 consecutive negative cultures one month apart without intervening or subsequent positives
Measured: Day 1 to Day 84
Decrease in semi-quantitative sputum culture counts at Day 84
Defined as improvement in sputum colony count category as defined by Griffith et al, 2015
Measured: Day 1 to Day 84
Change from baseline in Quality of Life - Bronchiectasis (QOL-B) Respiratory Domain at Day 84
QOL-B Domain scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better health-related quality of life
Measured: Day 1 to Day 84
Change from baseline in MACrO2 PRO at Day 84
MACrO2 scores range from 0 to 100, with lower scores indicating better symptom-related quality of life
Measured: Day 1 to Day 84
Sputum culture conversion by Day 56
Defined as 2 consecutive negative cultures collected one month apart without intervening or subsequent positives
Measured: Day 1 to Day 56
Secondary outcomes (9)
Patient Global Impression of Change (PGI-C) at Day 84
The Patient Global Impression of Change Scale has a minimum value of 1 and a maximum value of 7. For this scale, higher scores indicate a worse outcome.
Measured: Day 1 to Day 84
Patient Global Impression of Severity (PGI-S) at Day 84
The Patient Global Impression of Severity Scale measures severity of a patient's overall status over the previous 7 days. The responses on this scale have a minimum value of 'None' and a maximum value of 'Very severe' related to severity. For this scale, higher scores ('Very severe') indicate a worse outcome.
Measured: Day 1 to Day 84
Physician Visual Analog Scale (VAS) - Global at Day 84
The Physician Visual Analog Scale - Global has a minimum value of 0 and a maximum value of 10. For this scale, higher scores indicate a worse outcome.
Measured: Day 1 to Day 84
Physician Visual Analog Scale (VAS) - Respiratory at Day 84
The Physician Visual Analog Scale - Respiratory has a minimum value of 0 and a maximum value of 10. For this scale, higher scores indicate a worse outcome.
Measured: Day 1 to Day 84
NTM Symptoms Scale (NTM-SS) Questionnaire at Day 84
The Non-tuberculous Mycobacteria Symptoms Scale measures symptoms within the previous 7 days including respiratory, fatigue, temperature, appetite/weight, cognition/mood, and sleep. Questions on this scale have a minimum value of 'Never' and a maximum value of 'Always' related to the prevalence of symptoms. For this scale, higher scores ('Always') indicate a worse outcome.
Measured: Day 1 to Day 84
Time to growth in liquid medium
Measured at Days 14, 28, 42, 56, and 84
Measured: Day 1 to Day 84
Time to first negative sputum culture
Measured: Day 1 to Day 84
Proportion of patients with an on-treatment MABC isolate demonstrating decreasing sensitivity to EBO
Measured: Day 1 to Day 84
Sputum culture conversion by Day 84
Defined as 2 consecutive negative cultures one month apart without intervening or subsequent positives
Measured: Day 1 to Day 84
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted24 Dec 2025
- Study start30 Mar 2026
- Primary completionDec 2027 (estimated)
- Study completionMay 2028 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (11)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Mycobacterium Abscessus InfectionStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Quadruple blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 84 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Kevin Winthrop
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- AN2 Therapeutics, Inc
- Responsible party
- Sponsor-investigator, Kevin Winthrop, Oregon Health and Science University
- Investigators
- Kevin L Winthrop, MD, MPH, Principal investigator, Oregon Health and Science University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07301320
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- REBOUND Trial
- Acronym
- REBOUND
- Status last verified
- May 2026
- First submitted
- 22 Dec 2025
- Last updated
- 6 May 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- Yes
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
National Cancer Institute. (2017). Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE), Version 5.0. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute. https://doi.org/10.33329/ctcae.v5.0
Bowman CJ, Becourt-Lhote N, Boulifard V, Cordts R, Corriol-Rohou S, Enright B, Erkman L, Harris J, Hartmann A, Hilpert J, Kervyn S, Mattson B, Morford L, Muller M, Powell M, Sobol Z, Srinivasan R, Stark C, Thompson KE, Turner KJ, Barrow P. Science-Based Approach to Harmonize Contraception Recommendations in Clinical Trials and Pharmaceutical Labels. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2023 Feb;113(2):226-245. doi: 10.1002/cpt.2602. Epub 2022 May 5.
PubMed 35388453Kaneko T, Otoshi R, Sekine A, Baba T, Yamada C, Haga S, Tagami Y, Sawazumi T, Takemura T, Komatsu S, Hagiwara E, Ogura T. Drug-related pneumonitis caused by amikacin liposome inhalation suspension: One pathologically proven case and single-center experience. Respir Investig. 2024 Jul;62(4):513-516. doi: 10.1016/j.resinv.2024.04.003. Epub 2024 Apr 13.
PubMed 38615375Rimal B, Lippincott CK, Panthi CM, Xie Y, Keepers TR, Alley M, Lamichhane G. Efficacy of epetraborole against Mycobacteroides abscessus in a mouse model of lung infection. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2024 Aug 7;68(8):e0064824. doi: 10.1128/aac.00648-24. Epub 2024 Jul 17.
PubMed 39016592Li L, Henkle E, Youngquist BM, Seo S, Hamed K, Melnick D, Lyon CJ, Jiang L, Zelazny AM, Hu TY, Winthrop KL, Ning B. Serum Cell-Free DNA-based Detection of Mycobacterium avium Complex Infection. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2024 May 15;209(10):1246-1254. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202303-0401OC.
PubMed 38190702Griffith DE, Adjemian J, Brown-Elliott BA, Philley JV, Prevots DR, Gaston C, Olivier KN, Wallace RJ Jr. Semiquantitative Culture Analysis during Therapy for Mycobacterium avium Complex Lung Disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2015 Sep 15;192(6):754-60. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201503-0444OC.
PubMed 26068042Eckburg PB, Clarke D, Long J, et al. 2022. Tolerability and pharmacokinetics of oral epetraborole at the predicted therapeutic dosage for Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) lung disease: a phase 1b dose-ranging and food effect study. In ID week. Washington DC
Griffith DE, Daley CL. Treatment of Mycobacterium abscessus Pulmonary Disease. Chest. 2022 Jan;161(1):64-75. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2021.07.035. Epub 2021 Jul 24.
PubMed 34314673Daley CL, Iaccarino JM, Lange C, Cambau E, Wallace RJ Jr, Andrejak C, Bottger EC, Brozek J, Griffith DE, Guglielmetti L, Huitt GA, Knight SL, Leitman P, Marras TK, Olivier KN, Santin M, Stout JE, Tortoli E, van Ingen J, Wagner D, Winthrop KL. Treatment of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease: An Official ATS/ERS/ESCMID/IDSA Clinical Practice Guideline. Clin Infect Dis. 2020 Aug 14;71(4):e1-e36. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa241.
PubMed 32628747Strnad L, Winthrop KL. Treatment of Mycobacterium abscessus Complex. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2018 Jun;39(3):362-376. doi: 10.1055/s-0038-1651494. Epub 2018 Aug 2.
PubMed 30071551Diel R, Ringshausen F, Richter E, Welker L, Schmitz J, Nienhaus A. Microbiological and Clinical Outcomes of Treating Non-Mycobacterium Avium Complex Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Chest. 2017 Jul;152(1):120-142. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2017.04.166. Epub 2017 Apr 28.
PubMed 28461147
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 6 May 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multicenter, Prospective, Investigator-Initiated Trial to Assess the Efficacy, Safety, and Pharmacokinetics of Epetraborole in Patients With Mycobacterium Abscessus Lung Disease: REBOUND Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07301320
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- REBOUND / REBOUND Trial
- Conditions
- Mycobacterium Abscessus Infection
- Keywords
- NTM, nontuberculous mycobacteria, Mycobacterium abscessus, M. abscessus, abscessus
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 84 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Kevin WinthropUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- AN2 Therapeutics, Inc
- Study start
- 30 Mar 2026 (actual)
- Primary completion
- Dec 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion
- May 2028 (estimated)
- First posted
- 24 Dec 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multicenter, prospective, investigator-initiated trial will evaluate epetraborole (EBO) monotherapy in the treatment of adults with Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MABc) Lung Disease (LD) of mild to moderate severity. For this study, two EBO oral dose regimens will be studied in patients with MABc-LD, each compared to a placebo group (ie, 4 treatment groups): 500 mg daily and 750 mg daily. Detailed inclusion and exclusion criteria attempt to identify only those patients who have acceptable risks based upon the EBO preclinical findings, phase 1, phase 2, and Phase 3 experience; standard-of-care procedures; and the specified procedures of the study. Following receipt of informed consent, and a Screening period, eligible patients will be randomized to one of the 4 treatment groups to receive active or matched placebo EBO tablets for 84 days. Patients will be assessed for clinical and microbiological evidence of efficacy. At selected investigative sites, patients will undergo sparse PK sampling. Safety and tolerability will be determined by standard clinical and laboratory assessment, with oversight by a qualified and appropriately constituted Data Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB). Data collected during the study will be analyzed per a comprehensive Statistical Analysis Plan (SAP). The study will be registered on clinicaltrials.gov. The total duration of patient participation is approximately 6 months.
Detailed description
Non-tuberculous mycobacterial lung disease (NTM-LD) is a chronic, debilitating disease that can cause significant morbidity and mortality, and reduces quality of life. The primary intervention to treat NTM-LD is antibiotic treatment to eliminate the causative pathogen and thereby prevent progression of NTM-associated lung destruction and respiratory compromise. Among NTM organisms causing pulmonary infection, Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MABc) LD requires particularly complicated, prolonged and onerous intravenous treatment regimens that are burdensome to patients. New therapeutic options, especially those that can be administered orally, represent a high unmet need.
Epetraborole (EBO), a boron-containing heterocycle also possessing amine and hydroxyl functional groups, blocks bacterial protein synthesis by inhibiting bacterial LeuRS. Epetraborole is active against Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MABc) organisms in vitro, including against isolates resistant to drugs commonly used to treat MABc-Lung Disease (LD) (e.g., clarithromycin and amikacin). To date, no clinical efficacy data are available for use of EBO in humans with MABc-LD. However, available nonclinical and PK data support the potential efficacy of EBO in MABc-LD. A Phase 1 human lung PK study in healthy volunteers showed that the exposure of EBO in alveolar (lung) macrophages, lung cells that are primarily infected with mycobacteria in NTM-LD, was approximately 5-fold higher than in plasma. EBO exposure in pulmonary epithelial lining fluid (ELF) is approximately 53% of that in plasma. Because NTM organisms may also be found in ELF, adequate EBO concentrations in that space are potentially important to achieve therapeutic success. Furthermore, PK/PD modeling data support the potential efficacy of EBO for treatment of MABc-LD. Since the EBO MIC90 for MABc isolates is ~256-fold lower than that observed for MAC isolates from the truncated EBO-301 Phase 2/3 study in treatment-refractory Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease, treatment outcomes in MABc-LD are expected to be favorable. The molecule therefore has the potential to address the unmet need in MABc-LD patients with limited treatment options.
For this study, two oral EBO dose regimens will be studied in patients with MABc-LD compared to placebo: 500 mg daily and 750 mg daily.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Quadruple blind (participant, care provider, investigator, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 4
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| High Dose Epetraborole | Experimental | Drug: EpetraboroleThis arm is a daily treatment regimen of a 750mg oral dose of Epetraborole. |
| Low Dose Epetraborole | Experimental | Drug: EpetraboroleThis arm is a daily treatment regimen of a 500mg oral dose of Epetraborole. |
| High Dose Placebo | Placebo comparator | Drug: PlaceboThis arm is a daily treatment regimen of a placebo, matching the high dose experimental arm. |
| Low Dose Placebo | Placebo comparator | Drug: PlaceboThis arm is a daily treatment regimen of a placebo, matching the low dose experimental arm. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (10 listed)
- Male or female patients who are 18 years of age or older.
- Willing and able to provide written informed consent.
- Patients with MABc lung disease, meeting the following (a) Microbiological, (b) Clinical, (c) Radiographic
- Patients who, in the opinion of the investigator, will not require initiation of guideline-directed antibiotic therapy for treatment of MABc-LD within the next 6 months, and for whom a delay, in order for the subject to participate in a placebo-controlled clinical trial, is considered both reasonable and clinically acceptable.
- Patients who are willing to comply with all the study activities and procedures throughout the duration of the study.
Key exclusion criteria (31 listed)
- Patients with a presence of any suspected or confirmed disease or condition at Screening or the time of randomization that, in the opinion of the Investigator, may confound the assessment of symptom-based clinical response, including, but not limited to, the following:
- Note: Patients with MABc lung disease and concomitant non-MABc lung infection requiring antimicrobial therapy must complete the antimicrobial treatment for the non-MABc infection prior to randomization. Patients with respiratory specimen cultures that contain growth of non-MABc organisms that are deemed by the Investigator to be respiratory tract colonizers and who do not require or receive specific antimicrobial therapy may remain eligible. The Investigator should discuss such cases with the Study Investigator prior to randomization and provide rationale for study eligibility in the source document.
- Patients on brensocatib who have not been on a stable dose for at least 12 weeks.
- Patients with active pulmonary malignancy (primary or metastatic) or any malignancy that required or would require chemotherapy or radiation therapy within 1 year prior to randomization through the LFU Visit.
- Patients with creatinine clearance (CrCl) of <30 mL/min, as estimated by the Cockcroft-Gault formula, at Screening: Estimated CrCl (mL/min) = (140 - Age [years]) × Actual Body Weight [kg] × [0.85 if Female]) / (72 × Serum Creatinine [mg/dL]).
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| EpetraboroleHigh-dose intervention (750mg daily) | Drug | High Dose Epetraborole |
| EpetraboroleLow-dose intervention (500mg daily) | Drug | Low Dose Epetraborole |
| PlaceboPlacebo intervention (matching the high-dose experimental intervention) | Drug | High Dose Placebo |
| PlaceboPlacebo intervention (matching the low-dose experimental intervention) | Drug | Low Dose Placebo |
Primary outcome
Clinical Response (NTM Symptom Evaluation Instrument) at Day 84
Time frame: Day 1 to Day 84
Improvement in severity of at least 50% of the symptoms present at baseline and no deterioration in severity of symptoms present at baseline
Sputum culture conversion by Day 84
Time frame: Day 1 to Day 84
Defined as 3 consecutive negative cultures one month apart without intervening or subsequent positives
Decrease in semi-quantitative sputum culture counts at Day 84
Time frame: Day 1 to Day 84
Defined as improvement in sputum colony count category as defined by Griffith et al, 2015
Change from baseline in Quality of Life - Bronchiectasis (QOL-B) Respiratory Domain at Day 84
Time frame: Day 1 to Day 84
QOL-B Domain scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better health-related quality of life
Change from baseline in MACrO2 PRO at Day 84
Time frame: Day 1 to Day 84
MACrO2 scores range from 0 to 100, with lower scores indicating better symptom-related quality of life
Sputum culture conversion by Day 56
Time frame: Day 1 to Day 56
Defined as 2 consecutive negative cultures collected one month apart without intervening or subsequent positives
9 secondary outcomes
Patient Global Impression of Change (PGI-C) at Day 84
Time frame: Day 1 to Day 84
Patient Global Impression of Severity (PGI-S) at Day 84
Time frame: Day 1 to Day 84
Physician Visual Analog Scale (VAS) - Global at Day 84
Time frame: Day 1 to Day 84
Physician Visual Analog Scale (VAS) - Respiratory at Day 84
Time frame: Day 1 to Day 84
NTM Symptoms Scale (NTM-SS) Questionnaire at Day 84
Time frame: Day 1 to Day 84
Time to growth in liquid medium
Time frame: Day 1 to Day 84
Time to first negative sputum culture
Time frame: Day 1 to Day 84
Proportion of patients with an on-treatment MABC isolate demonstrating decreasing sensitivity to EBO
Time frame: Day 1 to Day 84
Sputum culture conversion by Day 84
Time frame: Day 1 to Day 84
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 6 May 2026.
- BackgroundNational Cancer Institute. (2017). Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE), Version 5.0. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute. https://doi.org/10.33329/ctcae.v5.0
- Background: PubMed 35388453Bowman CJ, Becourt-Lhote N, Boulifard V, Cordts R, Corriol-Rohou S, Enright B, Erkman L, Harris J, Hartmann A, Hilpert J, Kervyn S, Mattson B, Morford L, Muller M, Powell M, Sobol Z, Srinivasan R, Stark C, Thompson KE, Turner KJ, Barrow P. Science-Based Approach to Harmonize Contraception Recommendations in Clinical Trials and Pharmaceutical Labels. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2023 Feb;113(2):226-245. doi: 10.1002/cpt.2602. Epub 2022 May 5.
- Background: PubMed 38615375Kaneko T, Otoshi R, Sekine A, Baba T, Yamada C, Haga S, Tagami Y, Sawazumi T, Takemura T, Komatsu S, Hagiwara E, Ogura T. Drug-related pneumonitis caused by amikacin liposome inhalation suspension: One pathologically proven case and single-center experience. Respir Investig. 2024 Jul;62(4):513-516. doi: 10.1016/j.resinv.2024.04.003. Epub 2024 Apr 13.
- Background: PubMed 39016592Rimal B, Lippincott CK, Panthi CM, Xie Y, Keepers TR, Alley M, Lamichhane G. Efficacy of epetraborole against Mycobacteroides abscessus in a mouse model of lung infection. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2024 Aug 7;68(8):e0064824. doi: 10.1128/aac.00648-24. Epub 2024 Jul 17.
- Background: PubMed 38190702Li L, Henkle E, Youngquist BM, Seo S, Hamed K, Melnick D, Lyon CJ, Jiang L, Zelazny AM, Hu TY, Winthrop KL, Ning B. Serum Cell-Free DNA-based Detection of Mycobacterium avium Complex Infection. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2024 May 15;209(10):1246-1254. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202303-0401OC.
- Background: PubMed 26068042Griffith DE, Adjemian J, Brown-Elliott BA, Philley JV, Prevots DR, Gaston C, Olivier KN, Wallace RJ Jr. Semiquantitative Culture Analysis during Therapy for Mycobacterium avium Complex Lung Disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2015 Sep 15;192(6):754-60. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201503-0444OC.
- BackgroundEckburg PB, Clarke D, Long J, et al. 2022. Tolerability and pharmacokinetics of oral epetraborole at the predicted therapeutic dosage for Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) lung disease: a phase 1b dose-ranging and food effect study. In ID week. Washington DC
- Background: PubMed 34314673Griffith DE, Daley CL. Treatment of Mycobacterium abscessus Pulmonary Disease. Chest. 2022 Jan;161(1):64-75. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2021.07.035. Epub 2021 Jul 24.
- Background: PubMed 32628747Daley CL, Iaccarino JM, Lange C, Cambau E, Wallace RJ Jr, Andrejak C, Bottger EC, Brozek J, Griffith DE, Guglielmetti L, Huitt GA, Knight SL, Leitman P, Marras TK, Olivier KN, Santin M, Stout JE, Tortoli E, van Ingen J, Wagner D, Winthrop KL. Treatment of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease: An Official ATS/ERS/ESCMID/IDSA Clinical Practice Guideline. Clin Infect Dis. 2020 Aug 14;71(4):e1-e36. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa241.
- Background: PubMed 30071551Strnad L, Winthrop KL. Treatment of Mycobacterium abscessus Complex. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2018 Jun;39(3):362-376. doi: 10.1055/s-0038-1651494. Epub 2018 Aug 2.
- Background: PubMed 28461147Diel R, Ringshausen F, Richter E, Welker L, Schmitz J, Nienhaus A. Microbiological and Clinical Outcomes of Treating Non-Mycobacterium Avium Complex Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Chest. 2017 Jul;152(1):120-142. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2017.04.166. Epub 2017 Apr 28.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Kevin L Winthrop, MD, MPH principal investigator
Oregon Health and Science University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 2 study testing Epetraborole in people with Mycobacterium Abscessus Infection, run by Kevin Winthrop at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 10 inclusion and 31 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 6 May 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Felicity Coulter, PhD (503-494-2565, rebound@ohsu.edu), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Clinical Response (NTM Symptom Evaluation Instrument) at Day 84 (time frame: Day 1 to Day 84). The study lists 6 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07301320, which also lists 11 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 6 May 2026.