Nursing CariesNCT07322536
The Impact of Interactive Virtual Reality Training Using Haptic Gloves on Intensive Care Nurses' Aspiration Skills and Care Behaviors
A study testing Haptic Glove-Based Virtual Reality Training in people with Nursing Caries and Intensive Care Nursing, run by Ela YILMAZ COŞKUN at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
This randomized controlled trial examined the effect of haptic glove-based virtual reality (VR) training on the aspiration skills and caregiving behaviors of intensive care nurses. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 40 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Nursing Caries, Intensive Care Nursing, Aspiration
- What is being tested?
- Haptic Glove-Based Virtual Reality Training
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 60 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 21 Nov 2024to 21 Feb 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 40 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
None listed.
Who cannot join
- -
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
This randomized controlled trial examined the effect of haptic glove-based virtual reality (VR) training on the aspiration skills and caregiving behaviors of intensive care nurses. A total of 60 nurses were randomly assigned to an experimental group receiving VR simulation supported by haptic gloves or a control group receiving standard mannequin-based training. Data were collected using the Nurse Information Form, Aspiration Skill Checklist, and Caregiving Behavior Scale. While VR training was effective in supporting aspiration skill development, no statistically significant differences were found between groups in total caregiving behavior scores or its subdimensions. These findings suggest that although VR and haptic technologies are valuable for enhancing technical skills, improvements in caregiving behaviors may require longer-term or repeated educational interventions.
Read the detailed description
Aspiration is a fundamental nursing intervention in intensive care units and requires advanced psychomotor skills, strict adherence to infection control principles, and consistent caregiving behaviors. Conventional training methods, such as mannequin-based demonstrations, may be limited in providing sufficient hands-on practice and realistic feedback, particularly for complex clinical procedures. Recent advances in virtual reality (VR) technology, especially systems supported by haptic gloves, offer immersive learning environments that enable repeated practice with real-time tactile feedback, potentially enhancing clinical skill acquisition.
This randomized controlled trial was conducted to determine the effect of haptic glove-based virtual reality training on the aspiration skills and caregiving behaviors of intensive care nurses. The study was carried out between November 2024 and January 2025 in the adult intensive care, coronary intensive care, and neonatal intensive care units of a foundation university hospital.
A total of 60 intensive care nurses were randomly assigned to either an experimental group or a control group. The control group received standard aspiration training using mannequin-based demonstration, while the experimental group participated in an interactive virtual reality simulation supported by haptic gloves. The VR training allowed participants to perform aspiration procedures in a simulated intensive care environment with tactile feedback, emphasizing correct procedural steps, patient safety, and evidence-based care principles.
Data were collected through face-to-face surveys using the Nurse Information Form, the Aspiration Skill Checklist, and the Caregiving Behavior Scale. Aspiration skills and caregiving behaviors were assessed before and after the training interventions. The primary outcomes of the study were aspiration skill performance and caregiving behavior scores, including the subdimensions of assurance, knowledge-skill, respectfulness, and commitment.
The findings demonstrated no statistically significant differences between the experimental and control groups in total caregiving behavior scores or in any of the caregiving behavior subdimensions. While VR-based training did not show a direct effect on caregiving behaviors, previous evidence suggests that VR and haptic technologies are particularly effective in improving technical and psychomotor skills. Behavioral and attitudinal changes may require longer-term or repeated training interventions.
The results of this study are expected to contribute to the growing body of evidence on technology-enhanced learning in nursing education and to inform the integration of haptic glove-supported virtual reality applications into intensive care nursing skills training programs.
- Conditions
- Nursing Caries, Intensive Care Nursing, Aspiration, Virtual Reality
- Being tested
- Haptic Glove-Based Virtual Reality Training
- Keywords
- Aspiration, Nursing, ICU, Simulation, Skills
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Haptic Glove-Based Virtual Reality TrainingBehavioural
Interactive VR simulation supported by haptic gloves for aspiration training.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Experimental Group | Experimental | The nurses used haptic glove-assisted virtual reality simulation technology under the guidance of the researcher. The practice and evaluation procedures were carried out in the same manner as in the control group, including individual sessions, checklist-based assessment, a debriefing session, and the post-test administered two weeks later. Receives: Behavioral: Haptic Glove-Based Virtual Reality Training |
| Control Group | No intervention | The nurses watched a demonstration video and practiced the procedure individually in the skills laboratory. Each nurse's performance was evaluated by the researcher using the Aspiration Skill Checklist. A debriefing session was then conducted, and the knowledge test was re-administered two weeks later. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Aspiration skill performance score
Measured with the Aspiration Skill Checklist
Measured: Baseline (pre-test) and 2 weeks after training (post-test).
Secondary outcomes (1)
Caregiving behavior total and subdimension scores
Measured with the Caregiving Behavior Scale
Measured: Baseline and 2 weeks post-training.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted7 Jan 2026
- Study start21 Nov 2024
- Primary completion21 Jan 2025
- Study completion21 Feb 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Nursing CariesStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- articipants were randomly assigned to either an experimental group or a control group. Both groups were followed in parallel throughout the study period, with the experimental group receiving haptic glove-based virtual reality training and the control group receiving standard mannequin-based aspiration training.
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Ela YILMAZ COŞKUN
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor-investigator, Ela YILMAZ COŞKUN, Namik Kemal University
- Investigators
- Hamiyet KIZIL, PhD, Principal investigator, Hamidiye Faculty Nursing
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07322536
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 168264
- Status last verified
- Dec 2025
- First submitted
- 22 Dec 2025
- Last updated
- 7 Jan 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 7 Jan 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Impact of Interactive Virtual Reality Training Using Haptic Gloves on Intensive Care Nurses' Aspiration Skills and Care Behaviors
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07322536
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 168264
- Conditions
- Nursing Caries, Intensive Care Nursing, Aspiration, Virtual Reality
- Keywords
- Aspiration, Nursing, ICU, Simulation, Skills
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Ela YILMAZ COŞKUNUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 21 Nov 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 21 Jan 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 21 Feb 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 7 Jan 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This randomized controlled trial examined the effect of haptic glove-based virtual reality (VR) training on the aspiration skills and caregiving behaviors of intensive care nurses. A total of 60 nurses were randomly assigned to an experimental group receiving VR simulation supported by haptic gloves or a control group receiving standard mannequin-based training. Data were collected using the Nurse Information Form, Aspiration Skill Checklist, and Caregiving Behavior Scale. While VR training was effective in supporting aspiration skill development, no statistically significant differences were found between groups in total caregiving behavior scores or its subdimensions. These findings suggest that although VR and haptic technologies are valuable for enhancing technical skills, improvements in caregiving behaviors may require longer-term or repeated educational interventions.
Detailed description
Aspiration is a fundamental nursing intervention in intensive care units and requires advanced psychomotor skills, strict adherence to infection control principles, and consistent caregiving behaviors. Conventional training methods, such as mannequin-based demonstrations, may be limited in providing sufficient hands-on practice and realistic feedback, particularly for complex clinical procedures. Recent advances in virtual reality (VR) technology, especially systems supported by haptic gloves, offer immersive learning environments that enable repeated practice with real-time tactile feedback, potentially enhancing clinical skill acquisition.
This randomized controlled trial was conducted to determine the effect of haptic glove-based virtual reality training on the aspiration skills and caregiving behaviors of intensive care nurses. The study was carried out between November 2024 and January 2025 in the adult intensive care, coronary intensive care, and neonatal intensive care units of a foundation university hospital.
A total of 60 intensive care nurses were randomly assigned to either an experimental group or a control group. The control group received standard aspiration training using mannequin-based demonstration, while the experimental group participated in an interactive virtual reality simulation supported by haptic gloves. The VR training allowed participants to perform aspiration procedures in a simulated intensive care environment with tactile feedback, emphasizing correct procedural steps, patient safety, and evidence-based care principles.
Data were collected through face-to-face surveys using the Nurse Information Form, the Aspiration Skill Checklist, and the Caregiving Behavior Scale. Aspiration skills and caregiving behaviors were assessed before and after the training interventions. The primary outcomes of the study were aspiration skill performance and caregiving behavior scores, including the subdimensions of assurance, knowledge-skill, respectfulness, and commitment.
The findings demonstrated no statistically significant differences between the experimental and control groups in total caregiving behavior scores or in any of the caregiving behavior subdimensions. While VR-based training did not show a direct effect on caregiving behaviors, previous evidence suggests that VR and haptic technologies are particularly effective in improving technical and psychomotor skills. Behavioral and attitudinal changes may require longer-term or repeated training interventions.
The results of this study are expected to contribute to the growing body of evidence on technology-enhanced learning in nursing education and to inform the integration of haptic glove-supported virtual reality applications into intensive care nursing skills training programs.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- articipants were randomly assigned to either an experimental group or a control group. Both groups were followed in parallel throughout the study period, with the experimental group receiving haptic glove-based virtual reality training and the control group receiving standard mannequin-based aspiration training.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Experimental Group | Experimental | Behavioral: Haptic Glove-Based Virtual Reality TrainingThe nurses used haptic glove-assisted virtual reality simulation technology under the guidance of the researcher. The practice and evaluation procedures were carried out in the same manner as in the control group, including individual sessions, checklist-based assessment, a debriefing session, and the post-test administered two weeks later. |
| Control Group | No intervention | –The nurses watched a demonstration video and practiced the procedure individually in the skills laboratory. Each nurse's performance was evaluated by the researcher using the Aspiration Skill Checklist. A debriefing session was then conducted, and the knowledge test was re-administered two weeks later. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 40 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (0 listed)
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- -
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Haptic Glove-Based Virtual Reality TrainingInteractive VR simulation supported by haptic gloves for aspiration training. | Behavioural | Experimental Group |
Primary outcome
Aspiration skill performance score
Time frame: Baseline (pre-test) and 2 weeks after training (post-test).
Measured with the Aspiration Skill Checklist
1 secondary outcome
Caregiving behavior total and subdimension scores
Time frame: Baseline and 2 weeks post-training.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 7 Jan 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
Related trials for Nursing Caries
Not yet recruitingPhase 4
Oral Hygiene Assistance Training Program
Elderly, Periodontal Disease
Not yet recruiting
Virtual Escape Room Game About Medical Device in Nurses
Nursing Caries, Pressure Injuries
Recruiting
Extending Dental Care to Nursing Home Residents to Reduce Mouth Infections and Incidence of Pneumonia and Improve Diabetic Glucose Control
Periodontitis, Gingivitis
Not yet recruiting
Flipped Learning Model on the Stoma Care
Stoma Colostomy, Nursing Caries
Not yet recruiting
Flipped Learning Model on Nursing Students' Thorax and Heart Examination
Nursing Students, Nursing Caries
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Hamiyet KIZIL, PhD principal investigator
Hamidiye Faculty Nursing
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Haptic Glove-Based Virtual Reality Training in people with Nursing Caries and Intensive Care Nursing, run by Ela YILMAZ COŞKUN at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 0 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 7 Jan 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Aspiration skill performance score (time frame: Baseline (pre-test) and 2 weeks after training (post-test).). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 7 Jan 2026.