Sports Physical TherapyNCT07329335
Comparison of High-Intensity Interval Training and Medium-Intensity Interval Training in Athletes
A study testing High Intensity Training (Group A) and Medium Intensity Training (Group B) in people with Sports Physical Therapy, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and Medium-Intensity Interval Training (MIIT) are popular training methods known for enhancing athletic performance. HIIT is characterized by short bursts of high-intensity exercise followed by brief recovery periods. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 20 to 30 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Sports Physical Therapy
- What is being tested?
- High Intensity Training (Group A) and Medium Intensity Training (Group B)
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 36 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- 21 Mar 2025to 2 Nov 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 20 to 30 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Age 20-30 years
- Both male and female
- Athletes with BMI 18.5kg/m2 -24.9kg/m2
- Minimum 3 years of regular training in sports
Who cannot join
- History of Any fracture or trauma
- Having any neurological disease
- Any chronic musculoskeletal disorder
- Any systemic illnesses
- Exclude athletes with known sleep disorders(e.g, insomnia ,sleep and apnoea )
- Athletes having consumption of pharmaceutical drugs e.g Beta blockers, benzodiazepines will be excluded
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Comparison of High-Intensity Interval Training and Medium-Intensity Interval Training on Cardiopulmonary Fitness, Strength and Agility in Athletes
High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and Medium-Intensity Interval Training (MIIT) are popular training methods known for enhancing athletic performance. HIIT is characterized by short bursts of high-intensity exercise followed by brief recovery periods. This training approach typically involves exercising at 80-95% of maximum heart rate for intervals ranging from 20 seconds to a few minutes, followed by rest or lower-intensity activity. Moderate-Interval Training (MIIT), on the other hand, involves moderate-intensity exercise performed at 60-75% of maximum heart rate. The primary objective is to determine how HIIT and MIIT differ in improving CPF, strength, and agility among athletes. A randomized clinical trial will be conducted with a sample size of 80 athletes, divided into two groups. Participants will undergo 45-minute training sessions three times a week for six weeks, followed by pre- and post-intervention assessments using Cooper's 12-Minute Run/Walk Test, T-Test for agility, and Active Force 2 muscle tester for strength. Statistical analyses will be conducted to compare pre- and post-intervention results between the two groups, determining the significance of differences in CRF fitness, strength and agility outcomes.
Read the detailed description
This study is a single-blinded randomized clinical trial designed to compare the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and medium-intensity interval training (MIIT) on cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, and agility among trained athletes. The study will be conducted at the Pakistan Cricket Board National Cricket Academy and Hafeez Qadeer Cricket Academy, Lahore, and will be completed within 12 months following synopsis approval. A total of 80 athletes aged 20-30 years will be recruited using non-probability purposive sampling, with 40 participants allocated to each group after accounting for a 10% attrition rate. Eligible participants will include male and female athletes with a BMI of 18.5-24.9 kg/m² and a minimum of three years of regular sports training. Athletes with a history of fractures, neurological or musculoskeletal disorders, systemic illnesses, sleep disorders, or use of medications affecting cardiovascular or neurological function will be excluded. Participants will be randomized using concealed allocation, and outcome assessment will be performed by a blinded assessor to minimize bias.
Although both HIIT and MIIT have been shown to independently improve physical performance, there is a notable lack of direct comparative evidence evaluating their relative effectiveness in athlete populations. To address this gap, participants will undergo supervised training sessions lasting 45 minutes per day, three days per week, for six weeks. Group A will receive a structured HIIT program involving high-intensity cardio intervals, progressive strength exercises, and agility drills, while Group B will follow a MIIT program consisting of moderate-intensity cardio intervals, strength training, and agility exercises with gradual progression. Outcome measures will be assessed pre- and post-intervention using the Cooper's 12-minute run/walk test for cardiorespiratory fitness, the T-test for agility, and the Active Force 2 device for muscle strength, all of which demonstrate established validity and reliability. This study aims to provide evidence-based insight into the comparative effectiveness of HIIT and MIIT in enhancing multiple components of athletic performance.
- Conditions
- Sports Physical Therapy
- Being tested
- High Intensity Training (Group A), Medium Intensity Training (Group B)
- Keywords
- High Intensity Training, Medium Intensity Training, Athletes
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
High Intensity Training (Group A)Other
Each 45-minute session will begin with a 5-minute warm-up consisting of dynamic stretches targeting major muscle groups. The main workout will include high-intensity cardio intervals, strength exercises, and agility drills, such as sprints, jump squats, and ladder drills, performed in short bursts with brief rest periods. The session will end with a cool-down phase of static stretching to support recovery and flexibility.
Medium Intensity Training (Group B)Other
Each 45-minute session will start with a 5-minute warm-up of dynamic stretches. The main workout will start with moderate-paced cardio intervals, strength exercises, and agility drills, such as jogging, bodyweight squats, and cone drills, allowing for steady effort with manageable rest intervals. The session will end with a cool-down phase of static stretching to promote muscle recovery and flexibility.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Group A (High Intensity interval Training) | Experimental | Group A (High Intensity interval Training) Group A will engage in a structured High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) program over a 6-week period, with sessions to enhance cardiopulmonary fitness, strength, and agility. Receives: Other: High Intensity Training (Group A) |
| Group B (Moderate Intensity Interval Training): | Experimental | Group B (Moderate Intensity Interval Training):
Group B will participate in a structured Medium-Intensity Interval Training (MIIT) program over a 6-week period, with sessions aimed at gradually improving endurance, strength, and coordination. Receives: Other: Medium Intensity Training (Group B) |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Cooper's 12 minutes run/walk test
Cooper's 12 minutes run/walk test (For Cardio respiratory Fitness) The Cooper 12 minute run is a popular maximal running test of aerobic fitness, in which participants try and cover as much distance as they can in 12 minutes. equipment required: flat oval or running track, marker cones, recording sheets, stop watch with a validity of 0.90.
Measured: 6 weeks
T test Agility (For Agility)
T test Agility (For Agility) The T-test for agility is a reliable and valid measure to assess an individual's quickness and directional change ability. To ensure reliability, the test should be administered multiple times (test-retest reliability) and checked for consistent scoring between trials, ideally resulting in an Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) above 0.75, which indicates good reliability. Additionally, inter-rater and intra-rater reliability should be examined if multiple evaluators are involved.
Measured: 6 weeks
Active Force 2 (For Strength)
Active Force 2 (For Strength) The Active Force 2 has demonstrated strong validity and reliability in muscle strength assessments. Its concurrent validity is high, with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.86 to 0.95 compared to established dynamometers, and construct validity values above 0.85 align with theoretical expectations for muscle strength measurements. Test-retest reliability values are robust, with intra class correlation coefficients (ICCs) between 0.92 and 0.98, indicating consistency across repeated measures. Additionally, intra-rater reliability ICCs range from 0.90 to 0.96, and inter-rater reliability ICCs from 0.88 to 0.95, reflecting consistent results when measurements are taken by the same or different testers.
Measured: 6 week
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted9 Jan 2026
- Study start21 Mar 2025
- Primary completion2 Oct 2025
- Study completion2 Nov 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (6)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Sports Physical TherapyStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Parallel Assignment randomized clinical trial
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 36 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Surakhsha Shaker, DPT, Principal investigator, Riphah International University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07329335
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- REC/RCR&AHS/24/0479
- Status last verified
- Feb 2026
- First submitted
- 29 Dec 2025
- Last updated
- 25 Feb 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Arboleda-Serna VH, Feito Y, Patino-Villada FA, Vargas-Romero AV, Arango-Velez EF. Effects of high-intensity interval training compared to moderate-intensity continuous training on maximal oxygen consumption and blood pressure in healthy men: A randomized controlled trial. Biomedica. 2019 Sep 1;39(3):524-536. doi: 10.7705/biomedica.4451.
PubMed 31584766Wen D, Utesch T, Wu J, Robertson S, Liu J, Hu G, Chen H. Effects of different protocols of high intensity interval training for VO2max improvements in adults: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. J Sci Med Sport. 2019 Aug;22(8):941-947. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2019.01.013. Epub 2019 Jan 29.
PubMed 30733142Pereira PE, Esteves G, Carvas N, Azevedo PH. Effects of high-intensity interval and moderate-intensity continuous training on the anaerobic threshold of highly trained athletes in endurance sports: a systematic review with meta-analysis. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2024 Sep;64(9):898-907. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.24.15855-0. Epub 2024 Jun 6.
PubMed 38842374Guo Z, Li M, Cai J, Gong W, Liu Y, Liu Z. Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training vs. Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training on Fat Loss and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in the Young and Middle-Aged a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Mar 8;20(6):4741. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20064741.
PubMed 36981649Wang Z, Wang J. The effects of high-intensity interval training versus moderate-intensity continuous training on athletes' aerobic endurance performance parameters. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2024 Aug;124(8):2235-2249. doi: 10.1007/s00421-024-05532-0. Epub 2024 Jun 21.
PubMed 38904772Ballesta-Garcia I, Martinez-Gonzalez-Moro I, Rubio-Arias JA, Carrasco-Poyatos M. High-Intensity Interval Circuit Training Versus Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training on Functional Ability and Body Mass Index in Middle-Aged and Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Oct 30;16(21):4205. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16214205.
PubMed 31671584
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 25 Feb 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Comparison of High-Intensity Interval Training and Medium-Intensity Interval Training on Cardiopulmonary Fitness, Strength and Agility in Athletes
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07329335
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- REC/RCR&AHS/24/0479
- Conditions
- Sports Physical Therapy
- Keywords
- High Intensity Training, Medium Intensity Training, Athletes
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 36 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 21 Mar 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 2 Oct 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 2 Nov 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 9 Jan 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and Medium-Intensity Interval Training (MIIT) are popular training methods known for enhancing athletic performance. HIIT is characterized by short bursts of high-intensity exercise followed by brief recovery periods. This training approach typically involves exercising at 80-95% of maximum heart rate for intervals ranging from 20 seconds to a few minutes, followed by rest or lower-intensity activity. Moderate-Interval Training (MIIT), on the other hand, involves moderate-intensity exercise performed at 60-75% of maximum heart rate. The primary objective is to determine how HIIT and MIIT differ in improving CPF, strength, and agility among athletes. A randomized clinical trial will be conducted with a sample size of 80 athletes, divided into two groups. Participants will undergo 45-minute training sessions three times a week for six weeks, followed by pre- and post-intervention assessments using Cooper's 12-Minute Run/Walk Test, T-Test for agility, and Active Force 2 muscle tester for strength. Statistical analyses will be conducted to compare pre- and post-intervention results between the two groups, determining the significance of differences in CRF fitness, strength and agility outcomes.
Detailed description
This study is a single-blinded randomized clinical trial designed to compare the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and medium-intensity interval training (MIIT) on cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, and agility among trained athletes. The study will be conducted at the Pakistan Cricket Board National Cricket Academy and Hafeez Qadeer Cricket Academy, Lahore, and will be completed within 12 months following synopsis approval. A total of 80 athletes aged 20-30 years will be recruited using non-probability purposive sampling, with 40 participants allocated to each group after accounting for a 10% attrition rate. Eligible participants will include male and female athletes with a BMI of 18.5-24.9 kg/m² and a minimum of three years of regular sports training. Athletes with a history of fractures, neurological or musculoskeletal disorders, systemic illnesses, sleep disorders, or use of medications affecting cardiovascular or neurological function will be excluded. Participants will be randomized using concealed allocation, and outcome assessment will be performed by a blinded assessor to minimize bias.
Although both HIIT and MIIT have been shown to independently improve physical performance, there is a notable lack of direct comparative evidence evaluating their relative effectiveness in athlete populations. To address this gap, participants will undergo supervised training sessions lasting 45 minutes per day, three days per week, for six weeks. Group A will receive a structured HIIT program involving high-intensity cardio intervals, progressive strength exercises, and agility drills, while Group B will follow a MIIT program consisting of moderate-intensity cardio intervals, strength training, and agility exercises with gradual progression. Outcome measures will be assessed pre- and post-intervention using the Cooper's 12-minute run/walk test for cardiorespiratory fitness, the T-test for agility, and the Active Force 2 device for muscle strength, all of which demonstrate established validity and reliability. This study aims to provide evidence-based insight into the comparative effectiveness of HIIT and MIIT in enhancing multiple components of athletic performance.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Parallel Assignment randomized clinical trial
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Group A (High Intensity interval Training) | Experimental | Other: High Intensity Training (Group A)Group A (High Intensity interval Training) Group A will engage in a structured High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) program over a 6-week period, with sessions to enhance cardiopulmonary fitness, strength, and agility. |
| Group B (Moderate Intensity Interval Training): | Experimental | Other: Medium Intensity Training (Group B)Group B (Moderate Intensity Interval Training): Group B will participate in a structured Medium-Intensity Interval Training (MIIT) program over a 6-week period, with sessions aimed at gradually improving endurance, strength, and coordination. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 20 to 30 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Age 20-30 years
- Both male and female
- Athletes with BMI 18.5kg/m2 -24.9kg/m2
- Minimum 3 years of regular training in sports
Key exclusion criteria (6 listed)
- History of Any fracture or trauma
- Having any neurological disease
- Any chronic musculoskeletal disorder
- Any systemic illnesses
- Exclude athletes with known sleep disorders(e.g, insomnia ,sleep and apnoea )
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| High Intensity Training (Group A)Each 45-minute session will begin with a 5-minute warm-up consisting of dynamic stretches targeting major muscle groups. The main workout will include high-intensity cardio intervals, strength exercises, and agility drills, such as sprints, jump squats, and ladder drills, performed in short bursts with brief rest periods. The session will end with a cool-down phase of static stretching to support recovery and flexibility. | Other | Group A (High Intensity interval Training) |
| Medium Intensity Training (Group B)Each 45-minute session will start with a 5-minute warm-up of dynamic stretches. The main workout will start with moderate-paced cardio intervals, strength exercises, and agility drills, such as jogging, bodyweight squats, and cone drills, allowing for steady effort with manageable rest intervals. The session will end with a cool-down phase of static stretching to promote muscle recovery and flexibility. | Other | Group B (Moderate Intensity Interval Training): |
Primary outcome
Cooper's 12 minutes run/walk test
Time frame: 6 weeks
Cooper's 12 minutes run/walk test (For Cardio respiratory Fitness) The Cooper 12 minute run is a popular maximal running test of aerobic fitness, in which participants try and cover as much distance as they can in 12 minutes. equipment required: flat oval or running track, marker cones, recording sheets, stop watch with a validity of 0.90.
T test Agility (For Agility)
Time frame: 6 weeks
T test Agility (For Agility) The T-test for agility is a reliable and valid measure to assess an individual's quickness and directional change ability. To ensure reliability, the test should be administered multiple times (test-retest reliability) and checked for consistent scoring between trials, ideally resulting in an Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) above 0.75, which indicates good reliability. Additionally, inter-rater and intra-rater reliability should be examined if multiple evaluators are involved.
Active Force 2 (For Strength)
Time frame: 6 week
Active Force 2 (For Strength) The Active Force 2 has demonstrated strong validity and reliability in muscle strength assessments. Its concurrent validity is high, with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.86 to 0.95 compared to established dynamometers, and construct validity values above 0.85 align with theoretical expectations for muscle strength measurements. Test-retest reliability values are robust, with intra class correlation coefficients (ICCs) between 0.92 and 0.98, indicating consistency across repeated measures. Additionally, intra-rater reliability ICCs range from 0.90 to 0.96, and inter-rater reliability ICCs from 0.88 to 0.95, reflecting consistent results when measurements are taken by the same or different testers.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 25 Feb 2026.
- Background: PubMed 31584766Arboleda-Serna VH, Feito Y, Patino-Villada FA, Vargas-Romero AV, Arango-Velez EF. Effects of high-intensity interval training compared to moderate-intensity continuous training on maximal oxygen consumption and blood pressure in healthy men: A randomized controlled trial. Biomedica. 2019 Sep 1;39(3):524-536. doi: 10.7705/biomedica.4451.
- Background: PubMed 30733142Wen D, Utesch T, Wu J, Robertson S, Liu J, Hu G, Chen H. Effects of different protocols of high intensity interval training for VO2max improvements in adults: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. J Sci Med Sport. 2019 Aug;22(8):941-947. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2019.01.013. Epub 2019 Jan 29.
- Background: PubMed 38842374Pereira PE, Esteves G, Carvas N, Azevedo PH. Effects of high-intensity interval and moderate-intensity continuous training on the anaerobic threshold of highly trained athletes in endurance sports: a systematic review with meta-analysis. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2024 Sep;64(9):898-907. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.24.15855-0. Epub 2024 Jun 6.
- Background: PubMed 36981649Guo Z, Li M, Cai J, Gong W, Liu Y, Liu Z. Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training vs. Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training on Fat Loss and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in the Young and Middle-Aged a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Mar 8;20(6):4741. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20064741.
- Background: PubMed 38904772Wang Z, Wang J. The effects of high-intensity interval training versus moderate-intensity continuous training on athletes' aerobic endurance performance parameters. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2024 Aug;124(8):2235-2249. doi: 10.1007/s00421-024-05532-0. Epub 2024 Jun 21.
- Background: PubMed 31671584Ballesta-Garcia I, Martinez-Gonzalez-Moro I, Rubio-Arias JA, Carrasco-Poyatos M. High-Intensity Interval Circuit Training Versus Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training on Functional Ability and Body Mass Index in Middle-Aged and Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Oct 30;16(21):4205. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16214205.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Surakhsha Shaker, DPT principal investigator
Riphah International University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing High Intensity Training (Group A) and Medium Intensity Training (Group B) in people with Sports Physical Therapy, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 6 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 25 Feb 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Cooper's 12 minutes run/walk test (time frame: 6 weeks). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07329335, which also lists 6 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 25 Feb 2026.