Patellofemoral Pain SyndromeNCT07329517
Comparative Effects of Resistance Training and Neuromuscular Training in Runners
A study testing Resistance training and Neuromuscular Training in people with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome, run by Riphah International University at 2 sites in Pakistan.
Trial summary
This randomized controlled trial will include a sample of 38 young runners, calculated using epitool. Participants will be recruited through non-probability convenient sampling and randomly assigned to one of two groups: Group A (runner-specific resistance training) and Group B (neuromuscular training), with 19… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 30 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome
- What is being tested?
- Resistance training and Neuromuscular Training
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 38 participants
- Where
- 2 sitesPakistan
- Study dates
- 21 Nov 2024to 5 Nov 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 30 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Runners aged 18-30 years
- Runners having at least one year of playing
- Male Runners with Patellofemoral pain syndrome
- Not involved in resistance or neuromuscular training
Who cannot join
- Individuals with other acute or chronic knee injuries
- history of knee surgery
- Runners who have not been consistently running for at least 6 months prior to the study
Trial locations and contacts
2 sites in 1 country.
Pakistan2 sites
The University of Lahore
Lahore, Punjab Province
University of Lahore
Lahore, Punjab Province
About this study
Official title: Comparative Effects of Resistance Training and Neuromuscular Training on Power, Knee Function and Dynamic Balance in Runners With Patellofemoral Syndrome
This randomized controlled trial will include a sample of 38 young runners, calculated using epitool. Participants will be recruited through non-probability convenient sampling and randomly assigned to one of two groups: Group A (runner-specific resistance training) and Group B (neuromuscular training), with 19 participants in each group. The study will be conducted at the University of Lahore.
Read the detailed description
The objective of this study is to compare the effects of resistance training and neuromuscular training on Power, Knee function and dynamic balance in runners with patellofemoral pain syndrome This randomized clinical trial will include a sample of 38 young runners, calculated using epitool.
Participants will be recruited through non-probability convenient sampling and randomly assigned to one of two groups: Group A (runner-specific resistance training) and Group B (neuromuscular re-education training), with 19 participants in each group. The study will be conducted at the University of Lahore. Inclusion criteria include male and female runners aged 18-30 with at least one years of running experience and no serious injuries in the past six months. Exclusion criteria include current injuries, medical conditions, or involvement in conflicting training programs. Pre- and post-intervention assessments will include the vertical jump test, IKDC questionnaire and SEBT test .Both groups will train three times per week over six weeks, with sessions supervised by qualified coaches for safety and adherence. All participants will provide written informed consent, ensuring confidentiality. This research seeks to inform training strategies in runners, providing insights that may improve performance outcomes for young runners and guide trainers in selecting effective training methods. It also aims to raise awareness of the diverse benefits of different training approaches, potentially increasing youth participation in running and contributing to sports science literature on effective conditioning practices.
- Conditions
- Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome
- Being tested
- Resistance training, Neuromuscular Training
- Keywords
- resistance training, neuromuscular training, runners
- Medical subject headings
- Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Resistance trainingOther
19 participants will be in group A and allocated for resistance training
Neuromuscular TrainingOther
19 participants will be in group B and allocated for neuromuscular training
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Group A | Experimental | 19 participants will be in group 1 and allocated for resistance training group (RT Group) Receives: Other: Resistance training |
| Group B | Active comparator | 19 participants will be in group B and allocated for neuromuscular training (NT Group) Receives: Other: Neuromuscular Training |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
vertical Jump Test
The vertical jump test measures explosive leg power by comparing an athlete's standing reach with the height they achieve when jumping. The difference between these two points indicates their vertical jump height, which reflects lower-body strength and is commonly used in sports to assess athletic performance potential.
Measured: 6 weeks
IKDC questionnaire
The IKDC questionnaire is a patient-reported tool that measures knee symptoms, daily function, and sports activity, producing a score from 0 (severe problems) to 100 (optimal function). It is widely used in orthopedics to track recovery and compare treatment outcomes for various knee conditions.
Measured: 6 weeks
Star excursion balance test (SEBT)
The Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) is a dynamic assessment of balance and lower-limb function. In the test, a person stands on one leg and reaches in multiple directions with the other leg, challenging stability, strength, and flexibility. It is commonly used in sports and rehabilitation to detect injury risks, evaluate postural control, and monitor recovery progress.
Measured: 6 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted9 Jan 2026
- Study start21 Nov 2024
- Primary completion5 Oct 2025
- Study completion5 Nov 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (8)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Patellofemoral Pain SyndromeStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Riphah International UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Randomized control design
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 38 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Haleema Najeeb, DPT, Principal investigator, Riphah International University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07329517
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- REC/RCR&AHS/24/0494
- Status last verified
- Dec 2025
- First submitted
- 29 Dec 2025
- Last updated
- 9 Jan 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Bolgla LA, Boling MC. An update for the conservative management of patellofemoral pain syndrome: a systematic review of the literature from 2000 to 2010. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2011 Jun;6(2):112-25.
PubMed 21713229Coburn SL, Barton CJ, Filbay SR, Hart HF, Rathleff MS, Crossley KM. Quality of life in individuals with patellofemoral pain: A systematic review including meta-analysis. Phys Ther Sport. 2018 Sep;33:96-108. doi: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2018.06.006. Epub 2018 Jun 28.
PubMed 30059951Rabelo ND, Lima B, Reis AC, Bley AS, Yi LC, Fukuda TY, Costa LO, Lucareli PR. Neuromuscular training and muscle strengthening in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome: a protocol of randomized controlled trial. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2014 May 16;15:157. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-15-157.
PubMed 24884455Clijsen R, Fuchs J, Taeymans J. Effectiveness of exercise therapy in treatment of patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome: systematic review and meta-analysis. Phys Ther. 2014 Dec;94(12):1697-708. doi: 10.2522/ptj.20130310. Epub 2014 Jul 31.
PubMed 25082920Rixe JA, Glick JE, Brady J, Olympia RP. A review of the management of patellofemoral pain syndrome. Phys Sportsmed. 2013 Sep;41(3):19-28. doi: 10.3810/psm.2013.09.2023.
PubMed 24113699Luo Y, Chen X, Shen X, Chen L, Gong H. Effectiveness of Kinesio tape in the treatment of patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 Jun 7;103(23):e38438. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000038438.
PubMed 38847704Masoudi A, Chemane N, Useh U, Bello B, Magida N. Effectiveness of Self-Management Programs Among Athletes With Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: Protocol for a Systematic Review. JMIR Res Protoc. 2024 Nov 1;13:e58340. doi: 10.2196/58340.
PubMed 39485375Nunes GS, de Moraes WSLA, de Souza Sampaio V, Seda NR, Dos Santos Mouta G, Dangui AJM, de Souza Petersen R, Nakagawa TH. Are Changes in Dynamic Knee Movement Control Related to Changes in Pain or Function in People With Knee Disorders? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2023 Jul;53(7):388-401. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2023.11628.
PubMed 37068162
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 9 Jan 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Comparative Effects of Resistance Training and Neuromuscular Training on Power, Knee Function and Dynamic Balance in Runners With Patellofemoral Syndrome
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07329517
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- REC/RCR&AHS/24/0494
- Conditions
- Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome
- Keywords
- resistance training, neuromuscular training, runners
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 38 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 21 Nov 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 5 Oct 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 5 Nov 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 9 Jan 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This randomized controlled trial will include a sample of 38 young runners, calculated using epitool. Participants will be recruited through non-probability convenient sampling and randomly assigned to one of two groups: Group A (runner-specific resistance training) and Group B (neuromuscular training), with 19 participants in each group. The study will be conducted at the University of Lahore.
Detailed description
The objective of this study is to compare the effects of resistance training and neuromuscular training on Power, Knee function and dynamic balance in runners with patellofemoral pain syndrome This randomized clinical trial will include a sample of 38 young runners, calculated using epitool.
Participants will be recruited through non-probability convenient sampling and randomly assigned to one of two groups: Group A (runner-specific resistance training) and Group B (neuromuscular re-education training), with 19 participants in each group. The study will be conducted at the University of Lahore. Inclusion criteria include male and female runners aged 18-30 with at least one years of running experience and no serious injuries in the past six months. Exclusion criteria include current injuries, medical conditions, or involvement in conflicting training programs. Pre- and post-intervention assessments will include the vertical jump test, IKDC questionnaire and SEBT test .Both groups will train three times per week over six weeks, with sessions supervised by qualified coaches for safety and adherence. All participants will provide written informed consent, ensuring confidentiality. This research seeks to inform training strategies in runners, providing insights that may improve performance outcomes for young runners and guide trainers in selecting effective training methods. It also aims to raise awareness of the diverse benefits of different training approaches, potentially increasing youth participation in running and contributing to sports science literature on effective conditioning practices.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Randomized control design
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Group A | Experimental | Other: Resistance training19 participants will be in group 1 and allocated for resistance training group (RT Group) |
| Group B | Active comparator | Other: Neuromuscular Training19 participants will be in group B and allocated for neuromuscular training (NT Group) |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 30 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Runners aged 18-30 years
- Runners having at least one year of playing
- Male Runners with Patellofemoral pain syndrome
- Not involved in resistance or neuromuscular training
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Individuals with other acute or chronic knee injuries
- history of knee surgery
- Runners who have not been consistently running for at least 6 months prior to the study
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Resistance training19 participants will be in group A and allocated for resistance training | Other | Group A |
| Neuromuscular Training19 participants will be in group B and allocated for neuromuscular training | Other | Group B |
Primary outcome
vertical Jump Test
Time frame: 6 weeks
The vertical jump test measures explosive leg power by comparing an athlete's standing reach with the height they achieve when jumping. The difference between these two points indicates their vertical jump height, which reflects lower-body strength and is commonly used in sports to assess athletic performance potential.
IKDC questionnaire
Time frame: 6 weeks
The IKDC questionnaire is a patient-reported tool that measures knee symptoms, daily function, and sports activity, producing a score from 0 (severe problems) to 100 (optimal function). It is widely used in orthopedics to track recovery and compare treatment outcomes for various knee conditions.
Star excursion balance test (SEBT)
Time frame: 6 weeks
The Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) is a dynamic assessment of balance and lower-limb function. In the test, a person stands on one leg and reaches in multiple directions with the other leg, challenging stability, strength, and flexibility. It is commonly used in sports and rehabilitation to detect injury risks, evaluate postural control, and monitor recovery progress.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 9 Jan 2026.
- Background: PubMed 21713229Bolgla LA, Boling MC. An update for the conservative management of patellofemoral pain syndrome: a systematic review of the literature from 2000 to 2010. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2011 Jun;6(2):112-25.
- Background: PubMed 30059951Coburn SL, Barton CJ, Filbay SR, Hart HF, Rathleff MS, Crossley KM. Quality of life in individuals with patellofemoral pain: A systematic review including meta-analysis. Phys Ther Sport. 2018 Sep;33:96-108. doi: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2018.06.006. Epub 2018 Jun 28.
- Background: PubMed 24884455Rabelo ND, Lima B, Reis AC, Bley AS, Yi LC, Fukuda TY, Costa LO, Lucareli PR. Neuromuscular training and muscle strengthening in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome: a protocol of randomized controlled trial. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2014 May 16;15:157. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-15-157.
- Background: PubMed 25082920Clijsen R, Fuchs J, Taeymans J. Effectiveness of exercise therapy in treatment of patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome: systematic review and meta-analysis. Phys Ther. 2014 Dec;94(12):1697-708. doi: 10.2522/ptj.20130310. Epub 2014 Jul 31.
- Background: PubMed 24113699Rixe JA, Glick JE, Brady J, Olympia RP. A review of the management of patellofemoral pain syndrome. Phys Sportsmed. 2013 Sep;41(3):19-28. doi: 10.3810/psm.2013.09.2023.
- Background: PubMed 38847704Luo Y, Chen X, Shen X, Chen L, Gong H. Effectiveness of Kinesio tape in the treatment of patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 Jun 7;103(23):e38438. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000038438.
- Background: PubMed 39485375Masoudi A, Chemane N, Useh U, Bello B, Magida N. Effectiveness of Self-Management Programs Among Athletes With Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: Protocol for a Systematic Review. JMIR Res Protoc. 2024 Nov 1;13:e58340. doi: 10.2196/58340.
- Background: PubMed 37068162Nunes GS, de Moraes WSLA, de Souza Sampaio V, Seda NR, Dos Santos Mouta G, Dangui AJM, de Souza Petersen R, Nakagawa TH. Are Changes in Dynamic Knee Movement Control Related to Changes in Pain or Function in People With Knee Disorders? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2023 Jul;53(7):388-401. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2023.11628.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Haleema Najeeb, DPT principal investigator
Riphah International University
2 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Resistance training and Neuromuscular Training in people with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome, run by Riphah International University at 2 sites in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 9 Jan 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 2 sites in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
vertical Jump Test (time frame: 6 weeks). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07329517, which also lists 8 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 9 Jan 2026.