Robotic Surgical ProceduresNCT07332806

Site of Tracheal Extubation and Operating Room Efficiency During Robot-assisted Surgery

A study testing Extubation in post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) and Extubation in operating room (OR) in people with Robotic Surgical Procedures and Airway Extubation, run by Peking University First Hospital at 1 site in China.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record

Search all trials

Trial summary

Who is it for?: Ages 18 years and older
Conditions the study is for: Robotic Surgical Procedures, Airway Extubation, Operating Rooms
What is being tested?: Extubation in post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) and Extubation in operating room (OR)
Type of treatment: Surgery or procedure
Could I receive a placebo?: No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people: 218 participants
Where: 1 siteChina
Study dates: 24 Jan 2026to 19 Sep 2026
Phase: Interventional
Are there results?: None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

Ages 18 years and older
All sexes
No healthy volunteers
Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

Aged ≥18 years;
Scheduled to undergo elective robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery under general anesthesia;
Expected tracheal extubation during daytime working hours (before 4:00 PM).

Who cannot join

Refuse to participate in the study;
Morbid obesity (body mass index ≥35 kg/m²);
Preoperatively diagnosed obstructive sleep apnea, or patients with a STOP-Bang score ≥3 in combination with serum bicarbonate (HCO₃-) ≥28 mmol/L;
Patients at high risk of difficult airway (anticipated difficult intubation and/or extubation during preoperative assessment);
Preexisting sick sinus syndrome, severe sinus bradycardia (heart rate < 50 beats/min), or second-degree or higher atrioventricular block without pacemaker implantation; congenital heart disease with any type of arrhythmia; or other severe cardiovascular diseases with New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class ≥III;
Significant pulmonary function impairment (FEV₁/FVC ratio < 70%, and total lung capacity [TLC] and vital capacity [VC] < 80% of predicted values);

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Severe hepatic dysfunction (Child-Pugh class C); severe renal dysfunction (estimated glomerular filtration rate < 30 mL/min/1.73 m²); or American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification ≥IV;
Preoperative diagnoses of schizophrenia, epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, or myasthenia gravis;
Inability to communicate due to coma, severe dementia, or language impairment;
Planned postoperative admission to the intensive care unit;
Any other conditions that are deemed for study participation.

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

China1 site

Peking University Fist Hospital
Beijing, Beijing Municipality, 100034

Other trials in China

About this study

Official title: Impact of Site of Tracheal Extubation on Operating Room Efficiency During Robot-assisted Surgery: a Randomized Trial

This study aims to evaluate the impact of different extubation strategy on the occupancy time of operating room (OR) and the incidence of adverse events and quality of recovery after robotic-assisted surgery. The investigators hypothesize that extubation in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) may reduce OR occupancy time without increasing adverse events or worsening quality of recovery early after robotic-assisted surgery. This strategy may enhance perioperative efficiency while maintaining clinical safety.

Read the detailed description

Major surgeries are generally performed under general anesthesia with endotracheal tube. Intubation during anesthesia induction and extubation during anesthesia emergence are two high-risk periods associated with anesthesia-related complications. In clinical practice, extubation is performed either in the OR or in the PACU, according to local routine.

Robotic-assisted surgery offers potential clinical benefits but involves high costs and limited resource availability, making operating room (OR) efficiency a critical priority. While extubation in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) has been suggested to improve OR turnover, evidence regarding its impact on perioperative efficiency and safety compared to standard OR extubation in robotic surgery is limited.

The investigators hypothesize that extubation in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) may reduce OR occupancy time without increasing adverse events or worsening quality of recovery early after robotic-assisted surgery. This study aims to evaluate the impact of different extubation strategy on the occupancy time of operating room (OR) and the incidence of adverse events and quality of recovery after robotic-assisted surgery.

Conditions: Robotic Surgical Procedures, Airway Extubation, Operating Rooms, Anesthesia Recovery Period, Postoperative Complications
Being tested: Extubation in post-anesthesia care unit (PACU), Extubation in operating room (OR)
Keywords: Robotic Surgical Procedures, Airway Extubation, Operating Rooms, Anesthesia Recovery Period, Postoperative Complications
Medical subject headings: Postoperative Complications

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

Extubation in post-anesthesia care unit (PACU)Procedure or surgery
Also called PACU extubation
At the end of surgery, patients will be transfered from OR to PACU with endotracheal intubation and then extubated in PACU.
Extubation in operating room (OR)Procedure or surgery
Also called OR extubation
At the end of surgery, patients will be extubated in OR and then transfered from OR to PACU.

Study groups in NCT07332806
Study group	Role	What they receive
Extubation in post-anesthesia care unit (PACU)	Experimental	At the end of surgery, patients will be transferred from operating room (OR) to PACU with endotracheal intubation and then extubated in PACU. Receives: Procedure: Extubation in post-anesthesia care unit (PACU)
Extubation in operating room (OR)	Active comparator	At the end of surgery, patients will be extubated in operating room (OR) and then transfered to PACU. Receives: Procedure: Extubation in operating room (OR)

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

Operating room (OR) occupancy time
Time interval from end of surgery to leaving OR for PACU.
Measured: Up to 2 hours after surgery

Secondary outcomes (4)

Incidence of emergence delirium
Emergence delirium will be assessed with the confusion assessment method for the intensive care unit (CAM-ICU).
Measured: Up to 3 hours after surgery
Incidence of adverse events before leaving PACU
An adverse event indicates any unpredictable, unfavourable medical event that is associated with any medical intervention and occurs from end of surgery to the timepoint of leaving PACU.
Measured: Up to 3 hours after surgery
Time interval from end of surgery to modified Aldrete score of ≥9
Modified Aldrete Score is used to assess post-anesthesia recovery in five aspects (activity, respiration, circulation, consciousness, and oxygenation); scores range from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating better recovery. A score of ≥9 indicates that patients can be safely transferred from PACU to general wards.
Measured: Up to 3 hours after surgery
Time interval from end of surgery to PACU discharge
Time interval from end of surgery to PACU discharge.
Measured: Up to 2 hours after surgery

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

24 Jan 202619 Sep 2026

First posted12 Jan 2026
Study start24 Jan 2026
Primary completion19 Aug 2026
Study completion19 Sep 2026

Resources

Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
Publications (7)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
Other trials for Robotic Surgical ProceduresStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
More trials run by Peking University First HospitalThe sponsor's other registered studies.
What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design

Study type: Interventional
Phase: Phase N/A
Primary purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomised
Intervention model: Parallel groups
Masking: Double blind
Who is masked: Investigator, Outcomes assessor
Enrolment: 218 participants (actual)

IDs, dates and publications

ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT07332806
Sponsor's protocol ID: 2025R0568
Status last verified: Oct 2026
First submitted: 15 Dec 2025
Last updated: 21 Oct 2026
Results posted: No
Data monitoring committee: Yes
FDA-regulated drug: No
FDA-regulated device: No
Individual data sharing: No

Publications

Godet T, Wajew C, Fabrizi M, Monet C, Pouzeratte Y, Lapeyre M, Adelou S, Pereira B, Garnier M, Chanques G, Jabaudon M, Futier E, Jaber S, De Jong A. Impact of tracheal extubation location after surgical procedures on peri-operative times: a prospective dual-centre observational study. Anaesthesia. 2025 Aug;80(8):915-926. doi: 10.1111/anae.16620. Epub 2025 May 12.
PubMed 40351134
Langeron O, Bourgain JL, Francon D, Amour J, Baillard C, Bouroche G, Chollet Rivier M, Lenfant F, Plaud B, Schoettker P, Fletcher D, Velly L, Nouette-Gaulain K. Difficult intubation and extubation in adult anaesthesia. Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med. 2018 Dec;37(6):639-651. doi: 10.1016/j.accpm.2018.03.013. Epub 2018 May 23.
PubMed 29802903
Thilen SR, Weigel WA, Todd MM, Dutton RP, Lien CA, Grant SA, Szokol JW, Eriksson LI, Yaster M, Grant MD, Agarkar M, Marbella AM, Blanck JF, Domino KB. 2023 American Society of Anesthesiologists Practice Guidelines for Monitoring and Antagonism of Neuromuscular Blockade: A Report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Neuromuscular Blockade. Anesthesiology. 2023 Jan 1;138(1):13-41. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000004379.
PubMed 36520073
Apfelbaum JL, Hagberg CA, Connis RT, Abdelmalak BB, Agarkar M, Dutton RP, Fiadjoe JE, Greif R, Klock PA, Mercier D, Myatra SN, O'Sullivan EP, Rosenblatt WH, Sorbello M, Tung A. 2022 American Society of Anesthesiologists Practice Guidelines for Management of the Difficult Airway. Anesthesiology. 2022 Jan 1;136(1):31-81. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000004002.
PubMed 34762729
Banik RK, Honeyfield K, Qureshi S, Reddy SG. Incidence and Mortality Rate of Perioperative Reintubation: Case Series of 196 Patients. AANA J. 2021 Dec;89(6):476-479.
PubMed 34809752
Chen S, Zhang Y, Che L, Shen L, Huang Y. Risk factors for unplanned reintubation caused by acute airway compromise after general anesthesia: a case-control study. BMC Anesthesiol. 2021 Jan 12;21(1):17. doi: 10.1186/s12871-021-01238-4.
PubMed 33435881
Koga K, Asai T, Vaughan RS, Latto IP. Respiratory complications associated with tracheal extubation. Timing of tracheal extubation and use of the laryngeal mask during emergence from anaesthesia. Anaesthesia. 1998 Jun;53(6):540-4. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2044.1998.00397.x.
PubMed 9709138

Want to know more?

The sponsor has not listed a contact. The official record may have more details.

Talk to your doctor first and take this page with you. Only the study team can confirm whether you can join.

Questions to ask the study team

What is the study trying to find out?
What would I need to do, and how often would I visit?
Could I receive a placebo instead of the treatment?
What are the possible risks and benefits for me?
Will it cost me anything? Are travel or time paid for?
Can I keep seeing my own doctor during the study?
What happens when the study ends?

See locations

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All Robotic Surgical Procedures trials

Study at a glance

From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 21 Oct 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.

Official title: Impact of Site of Tracheal Extubation on Operating Room Efficiency During Robot-assisted Surgery: a Randomized Trial
ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT07332806
Acronym / sponsor ID: 2025R0568
Conditions: Robotic Surgical Procedures, Airway Extubation, Operating Rooms, Anesthesia Recovery Period, Postoperative Complications
Keywords: Robotic Surgical Procedures, Airway Extubation, Operating Rooms, Anesthesia Recovery Period, Postoperative Complications
Study type: Interventional
Recruitment status: Completed
Enrolment: 218 participants (actual)
Lead sponsor: Peking University First HospitalUniversity, hospital or other
Study start: 24 Jan 2026 (actual)
Primary completion: 19 Aug 2026 (actual)
Study completion: 19 Sep 2026 (actual)
First posted: 12 Jan 2026 (actual)
Results: Not posted in the source record

Clinical summary

The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.

Detailed description

Study design

Primary purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomised
Intervention model: Parallel groups
Masking: Double blind (investigator, outcomes assessor)
Number of arms: 2

Arm	Type	Receives
Extubation in post-anesthesia care unit (PACU)	Experimental	Procedure: Extubation in post-anesthesia care unit (PACU)At the end of surgery, patients will be transferred from operating room (OR) to PACU with endotracheal intubation and then extubated in PACU.
Extubation in operating room (OR)	Active comparator	Procedure: Extubation in operating room (OR)At the end of surgery, patients will be extubated in operating room (OR) and then transfered to PACU.

Who may qualify

Ages: 18 years and older
Sex: All
Healthy volunteers: Not accepted
Age groups: Adult, Older adult

Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)

Aged ≥18 years;
Scheduled to undergo elective robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery under general anesthesia;
Expected tracheal extubation during daytime working hours (before 4:00 PM).

Key exclusion criteria (11 listed)

Refuse to participate in the study;
Morbid obesity (body mass index ≥35 kg/m²);
Preoperatively diagnosed obstructive sleep apnea, or patients with a STOP-Bang score ≥3 in combination with serum bicarbonate (HCO₃-) ≥28 mmol/L;
Patients at high risk of difficult airway (anticipated difficult intubation and/or extubation during preoperative assessment);
Preexisting sick sinus syndrome, severe sinus bradycardia (heart rate < 50 beats/min), or second-degree or higher atrioventricular block without pacemaker implantation; congenital heart disease with any type of arrhythmia; or other severe cardiovascular diseases with New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class ≥III;

Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Interventions

Intervention	Type	Arms
Extubation in post-anesthesia care unit (PACU)Also: PACU extubationAt the end of surgery, patients will be transfered from OR to PACU with endotracheal intubation and then extubated in PACU.	Procedure or surgery	Extubation in post-anesthesia care unit (PACU)
Extubation in operating room (OR)Also: OR extubationAt the end of surgery, patients will be extubated in OR and then transfered from OR to PACU.	Procedure or surgery	Extubation in operating room (OR)

Primary outcome

Operating room (OR) occupancy time
Time frame: Up to 2 hours after surgery
Time interval from end of surgery to leaving OR for PACU.

4 secondary outcomes

Incidence of emergence delirium
Time frame: Up to 3 hours after surgery
Incidence of adverse events before leaving PACU
Time frame: Up to 3 hours after surgery
Time interval from end of surgery to modified Aldrete score of ≥9
Time frame: Up to 3 hours after surgery
Time interval from end of surgery to PACU discharge
Time frame: Up to 2 hours after surgery

Results and safety

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

Research links

Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 21 Oct 2026.
Background: PubMed 40351134Godet T, Wajew C, Fabrizi M, Monet C, Pouzeratte Y, Lapeyre M, Adelou S, Pereira B, Garnier M, Chanques G, Jabaudon M, Futier E, Jaber S, De Jong A. Impact of tracheal extubation location after surgical procedures on peri-operative times: a prospective dual-centre observational study. Anaesthesia. 2025 Aug;80(8):915-926. doi: 10.1111/anae.16620. Epub 2025 May 12.
Background: PubMed 29802903Langeron O, Bourgain JL, Francon D, Amour J, Baillard C, Bouroche G, Chollet Rivier M, Lenfant F, Plaud B, Schoettker P, Fletcher D, Velly L, Nouette-Gaulain K. Difficult intubation and extubation in adult anaesthesia. Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med. 2018 Dec;37(6):639-651. doi: 10.1016/j.accpm.2018.03.013. Epub 2018 May 23.
Background: PubMed 36520073Thilen SR, Weigel WA, Todd MM, Dutton RP, Lien CA, Grant SA, Szokol JW, Eriksson LI, Yaster M, Grant MD, Agarkar M, Marbella AM, Blanck JF, Domino KB. 2023 American Society of Anesthesiologists Practice Guidelines for Monitoring and Antagonism of Neuromuscular Blockade: A Report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Neuromuscular Blockade. Anesthesiology. 2023 Jan 1;138(1):13-41. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000004379.
Background: PubMed 34762729Apfelbaum JL, Hagberg CA, Connis RT, Abdelmalak BB, Agarkar M, Dutton RP, Fiadjoe JE, Greif R, Klock PA, Mercier D, Myatra SN, O'Sullivan EP, Rosenblatt WH, Sorbello M, Tung A. 2022 American Society of Anesthesiologists Practice Guidelines for Management of the Difficult Airway. Anesthesiology. 2022 Jan 1;136(1):31-81. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000004002.
Background: PubMed 34809752Banik RK, Honeyfield K, Qureshi S, Reddy SG. Incidence and Mortality Rate of Perioperative Reintubation: Case Series of 196 Patients. AANA J. 2021 Dec;89(6):476-479.
Background: PubMed 33435881Chen S, Zhang Y, Che L, Shen L, Huang Y. Risk factors for unplanned reintubation caused by acute airway compromise after general anesthesia: a case-control study. BMC Anesthesiol. 2021 Jan 12;21(1):17. doi: 10.1186/s12871-021-01238-4.
Background: PubMed 9709138Koga K, Asai T, Vaughan RS, Latto IP. Respiratory complications associated with tracheal extubation. Timing of tracheal extubation and use of the laryngeal mask during emergence from anaesthesia. Anaesthesia. 1998 Jun;53(6):540-4. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2044.1998.00397.x.
Individual participant dataSharing planned: No

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Referral and contact

AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.

Dong-Xin Wang, MD, PhD principal investigator

Peking University First Hospital

1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 11 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 21 Oct 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in China. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Operating room (OR) occupancy time (time frame: Up to 2 hours after surgery). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07332806, which also lists 7 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 21 Oct 2026.