Postoperative Pain ManagementNCT07359118
Assessment of Healthcare Professionals' Knowledge and Attitudes Toward Patient-Controlled Analgesia
A study of Postoperative Pain Management, run by Kutahya Health Sciences University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) is a widely used method for postoperative pain management that allows patients to self-administer analgesics according to their pain needs. The safe and effective use of PCA depends largely on the knowledge and awareness of healthcare professionals. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Postoperative Pain Management
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 242 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 23 Jan 2026to 23 Feb 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Healthcare professionals (physicians, nurses, anesthesia technicians, and midwives) working in surgical wards, operating rooms, or intensive care units.
- Aged 18 years or older.
- Actively involved in perioperative patient care.
- Willing to participate in the study and provide informed consent.
Who cannot join
- Healthcare professionals who decline to participate.
- Incomplete or missing questionnaire responses.
- Healthcare professionals not working in the specified clinical units.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Evaluation of Healthcare Professionals' Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding Patient-Controlled Analgesia Before and After a Structured Educational Intervention
Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) is a widely used method for postoperative pain management that allows patients to self-administer analgesics according to their pain needs. The safe and effective use of PCA depends largely on the knowledge and awareness of healthcare professionals. Insufficient knowledge may lead to improper use of PCA devices and increase the risk of complications affecting patient safety.
The aim of this study will be to evaluate healthcare professionals' knowledge and attitudes regarding patient-controlled analgesia and to assess the effect of a structured educational intervention on these outcomes. This interventional, pre-post comparative study will be conducted among healthcare professionals working in surgical clinics, operating rooms, and intensive care units at a tertiary care hospital.
Participants will complete a structured questionnaire assessing demographic characteristics, PCA-related knowledge, and attitudes before receiving a standardized educational program on patient-controlled analgesia. The same questionnaire will be administered again one week after the education. Changes in knowledge and attitude scores before and after the educational intervention will be analyzed using appropriate statistical methods.
Read the detailed description
Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) is an important component of postoperative pain management that allows patients to self-administer analgesic medications within predetermined safety limits. The effectiveness and safety of PCA depend not only on appropriate device programming and pharmacological selection but also on the knowledge, awareness, and clinical practices of healthcare professionals responsible for patient education, monitoring, and device management.
This study will be designed as a semi-experimental, interventional, pre-post comparative study to evaluate healthcare professionals' knowledge and attitudes regarding patient-controlled analgesia and to assess the impact of a structured educational intervention on these outcomes. The study will be conducted among healthcare professionals working in surgical wards, operating rooms, and intensive care units of a tertiary care hospital.
Eligible participants will include physicians, nurses, anesthesia technicians, and midwives aged 18 years and older who are actively involved in perioperative patient care. Healthcare professionals who decline participation, do not complete the questionnaires, or are not working in the specified clinical units will be excluded from the study.
Before the educational intervention, participants will complete a structured questionnaire consisting of three sections. The first section will collect demographic and professional information, including age, sex, profession, years of clinical experience, department of employment, and previous experience with PCA-treated patients. The second section will assess knowledge related to patient-controlled analgesia using 32 true/false items covering PCA principles, routes of administration, device characteristics, opioid analgesics, contraindications, complications, device management, and patient monitoring. The third section will evaluate attitudes toward PCA using 28 statements rated on a four-point Likert scale ranging from "strongly disagree" to "strongly agree."
Following baseline assessment, a standardized educational program on patient-controlled analgesia will be delivered to all participants. The educational content will include theoretical and practical information on PCA principles, safe device use, opioid pharmacology, complication recognition, and patient follow-up. One week after completion of the educational intervention, the same questionnaire will be re-administered under identical conditions.
Changes in knowledge and attitude scores before and after the educational intervention will be analyzed using appropriate statistical methods to determine the effect of education on healthcare professionals' understanding and perceptions of patient-controlled analgesia. The findings of this study are expected to contribute to improved patient safety and quality of postoperative pain management by highlighting the importance of structured educational programs for healthcare professionals involved in PCA practices.
- Conditions
- Postoperative Pain Management
- Being tested
- Patient-Controlled Analgesia Educational Program
- Keywords
- Patient-Controlled Analgesia, Postoperative Pain, Healthcare Professionals, Education, Knowledge and Attitudes
- Medical subject headings
- Pain, Postoperative, Behavior
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Patient-Controlled Analgesia Educational ProgramBehavioural
A standardized educational program on patient-controlled analgesia delivered to healthcare professionals. The program includes theoretical and practical content covering PCA principles, safe device use, opioid pharmacology, potential complications, patient monitoring, and follow-up. The education is provided through structured sessions and aims to improve participants' knowledge and attitudes regarding PCA.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Pre-Education Assessment Group | Other | Healthcare professionals who complete the study questionnaire before receiving the standardized patient-controlled analgesia educational program. Receives: Behavioral: Patient-Controlled Analgesia Educational Program |
| Post-Education Assessment Group | Other | Healthcare professionals who complete the study questionnaire approximately one week after receiving the standardized patient-controlled analgesia educational program. Receives: Behavioral: Patient-Controlled Analgesia Educational Program |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Change in Knowledge Score on Patient-Controlled Analgesia
The primary outcome is the change in healthcare professionals' knowledge regarding patient-controlled analgesia, assessed using a structured questionnaire consisting of true/false items administered before and after the educational intervention.
Measured: From baseline (pre-education) to 1 week after the educational intervention
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted22 Jan 2026
- Study start23 Jan 2026
- Primary completion23 Feb 2026
- Study completion23 Feb 2026
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (3)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Postoperative Pain ManagementStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Kutahya Health Sciences UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- This study uses a non-randomized, parallel-group design. Healthcare professionals assessed before the educational intervention and those assessed after the intervention may not be the same individuals. The pre-education and post-education groups are therefore treated as independent groups, and comparisons are made between these two parallel groups to evaluate the effect of the educational intervention.
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 242 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Kutahya Health Sciences University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07359118
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2025/04-07
- Status last verified
- Feb 2026
- First submitted
- 14 Jan 2026
- Last updated
- 4 Mar 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Song Z, Cai J, Zhou Y, Jiang Y, Huang S, Gu L, Tan J. Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Among Anesthesia and Thoracic Surgery Medical Staff Toward Ai-PCA. J Multidiscip Healthc. 2024 Jul 10;17:3295-3304. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S468539. eCollection 2024.
PubMed 39006875Kang MR, Kwon YJ. Nurses' knowledge and attitudes toward patient-controlled analgesia for postoperative pain control in a tertiary hospital in South Korea. BMC Nurs. 2022 Nov 22;21(1):319. doi: 10.1186/s12912-022-01106-7.
PubMed 36419116Chen YR, Chen CC, Wu WW, Tang FI, Lu LC. Nurses' knowledge of and attitude toward postoperative patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) and the associated factors. BMC Nurs. 2024 Jan 5;23(1):21. doi: 10.1186/s12912-024-01702-9.
PubMed 38183011
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 4 Mar 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Evaluation of Healthcare Professionals' Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding Patient-Controlled Analgesia Before and After a Structured Educational Intervention
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07359118
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 2025/04-07
- Conditions
- Postoperative Pain Management
- Keywords
- Patient-Controlled Analgesia, Postoperative Pain, Healthcare Professionals, Education, Knowledge and Attitudes
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 242 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Kutahya Health Sciences UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 23 Jan 2026 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 23 Feb 2026 (actual)
- Study completion
- 23 Feb 2026 (actual)
- First posted
- 22 Jan 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) is a widely used method for postoperative pain management that allows patients to self-administer analgesics according to their pain needs. The safe and effective use of PCA depends largely on the knowledge and awareness of healthcare professionals. Insufficient knowledge may lead to improper use of PCA devices and increase the risk of complications affecting patient safety.
The aim of this study will be to evaluate healthcare professionals' knowledge and attitudes regarding patient-controlled analgesia and to assess the effect of a structured educational intervention on these outcomes. This interventional, pre-post comparative study will be conducted among healthcare professionals working in surgical clinics, operating rooms, and intensive care units at a tertiary care hospital.
Participants will complete a structured questionnaire assessing demographic characteristics, PCA-related knowledge, and attitudes before receiving a standardized educational program on patient-controlled analgesia. The same questionnaire will be administered again one week after the education. Changes in knowledge and attitude scores before and after the educational intervention will be analyzed using appropriate statistical methods.
Detailed description
Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) is an important component of postoperative pain management that allows patients to self-administer analgesic medications within predetermined safety limits. The effectiveness and safety of PCA depend not only on appropriate device programming and pharmacological selection but also on the knowledge, awareness, and clinical practices of healthcare professionals responsible for patient education, monitoring, and device management.
This study will be designed as a semi-experimental, interventional, pre-post comparative study to evaluate healthcare professionals' knowledge and attitudes regarding patient-controlled analgesia and to assess the impact of a structured educational intervention on these outcomes. The study will be conducted among healthcare professionals working in surgical wards, operating rooms, and intensive care units of a tertiary care hospital.
Eligible participants will include physicians, nurses, anesthesia technicians, and midwives aged 18 years and older who are actively involved in perioperative patient care. Healthcare professionals who decline participation, do not complete the questionnaires, or are not working in the specified clinical units will be excluded from the study.
Before the educational intervention, participants will complete a structured questionnaire consisting of three sections. The first section will collect demographic and professional information, including age, sex, profession, years of clinical experience, department of employment, and previous experience with PCA-treated patients. The second section will assess knowledge related to patient-controlled analgesia using 32 true/false items covering PCA principles, routes of administration, device characteristics, opioid analgesics, contraindications, complications, device management, and patient monitoring. The third section will evaluate attitudes toward PCA using 28 statements rated on a four-point Likert scale ranging from "strongly disagree" to "strongly agree."
Following baseline assessment, a standardized educational program on patient-controlled analgesia will be delivered to all participants. The educational content will include theoretical and practical information on PCA principles, safe device use, opioid pharmacology, complication recognition, and patient follow-up. One week after completion of the educational intervention, the same questionnaire will be re-administered under identical conditions.
Changes in knowledge and attitude scores before and after the educational intervention will be analyzed using appropriate statistical methods to determine the effect of education on healthcare professionals' understanding and perceptions of patient-controlled analgesia. The findings of this study are expected to contribute to improved patient safety and quality of postoperative pain management by highlighting the importance of structured educational programs for healthcare professionals involved in PCA practices.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- This study uses a non-randomized, parallel-group design. Healthcare professionals assessed before the educational intervention and those assessed after the intervention may not be the same individuals. The pre-education and post-education groups are therefore treated as independent groups, and comparisons are made between these two parallel groups to evaluate the effect of the educational intervention.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Pre-Education Assessment Group | Other | Behavioral: Patient-Controlled Analgesia Educational ProgramHealthcare professionals who complete the study questionnaire before receiving the standardized patient-controlled analgesia educational program. |
| Post-Education Assessment Group | Other | Behavioral: Patient-Controlled Analgesia Educational ProgramHealthcare professionals who complete the study questionnaire approximately one week after receiving the standardized patient-controlled analgesia educational program. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Healthcare professionals (physicians, nurses, anesthesia technicians, and midwives) working in surgical wards, operating rooms, or intensive care units.
- Aged 18 years or older.
- Actively involved in perioperative patient care.
- Willing to participate in the study and provide informed consent.
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Healthcare professionals who decline to participate.
- Incomplete or missing questionnaire responses.
- Healthcare professionals not working in the specified clinical units.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Patient-Controlled Analgesia Educational ProgramA standardized educational program on patient-controlled analgesia delivered to healthcare professionals. The program includes theoretical and practical content covering PCA principles, safe device use, opioid pharmacology, potential complications, patient monitoring, and follow-up. The education is provided through structured sessions and aims to improve participants' knowledge and attitudes regarding PCA. | Behavioural | Post-Education Assessment Group, Pre-Education Assessment Group |
Primary outcome
Change in Knowledge Score on Patient-Controlled Analgesia
Time frame: From baseline (pre-education) to 1 week after the educational intervention
The primary outcome is the change in healthcare professionals' knowledge regarding patient-controlled analgesia, assessed using a structured questionnaire consisting of true/false items administered before and after the educational intervention.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 4 Mar 2026.
- Background: PubMed 39006875Song Z, Cai J, Zhou Y, Jiang Y, Huang S, Gu L, Tan J. Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Among Anesthesia and Thoracic Surgery Medical Staff Toward Ai-PCA. J Multidiscip Healthc. 2024 Jul 10;17:3295-3304. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S468539. eCollection 2024.
- Background: PubMed 36419116Kang MR, Kwon YJ. Nurses' knowledge and attitudes toward patient-controlled analgesia for postoperative pain control in a tertiary hospital in South Korea. BMC Nurs. 2022 Nov 22;21(1):319. doi: 10.1186/s12912-022-01106-7.
- Background: PubMed 38183011Chen YR, Chen CC, Wu WW, Tang FI, Lu LC. Nurses' knowledge of and attitude toward postoperative patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) and the associated factors. BMC Nurs. 2024 Jan 5;23(1):21. doi: 10.1186/s12912-024-01702-9.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
Related trials for Postoperative Pain Management
RecruitingPhase 4
ESP Blocks for Posterior Spinal Fusion
Postoperative Pain
Active, not recruiting
Efficacy of Laparoscopic-Assisted TAP Block in Laparoscopic Appendectomy
Appendectomy, Laparoscopic, Blockades Neuromuscular
RecruitingPhase 4
Efficacy of Ketorolac for Postoperative Pain Management in Hip Arthroscopy
Femoracetabular Impingement, Hip Arthroscopy
RecruitingObservational study
Cryo NerVe Block Extremity AmputatioN RegIStry for Post Operative and pHantom Limb Pain
Amputation, Amputation of Lower Limb
Recruiting
Conditioned Open Label Placebo for Postoperative Pain Management
Pain, Postoperative
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study of Postoperative Pain Management, run by Kutahya Health Sciences University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 4 Mar 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Change in Knowledge Score on Patient-Controlled Analgesia (time frame: From baseline (pre-education) to 1 week after the educational intervention). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07359118, which also lists 3 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 4 Mar 2026.