SupportNCT07376369
Association of Spousal Support With Parenting Self-Confidence and Depression in Primipar Mothers
An observational study of Support and Postpartum Period, run by Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
The transition to motherhood, particularly for first-time (primiparous) women, is a critical life period requiring substantial psychological and social adjustment. Hormonal changes, increased caregiving responsibilities, sleep disturbances, and potential social isolation during pregnancy and the postpartum period may… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older, women onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Support, Postpartum Period, Parenting
- How many people
- 198 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 30 Jan 2026to 22 Sep 2026
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- Women only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Study population: The study population consists of primiparous mothers aged 18 years and older who are between 0 and 12 months postpartum and living with their spouse or partner. Participants will be recruited online via social media and similar digital platforms and will complete self-report questionnaires.
Who may be able to join
None listed.
Who cannot join
- Diagnosed neurological disorder
- Diagnosed psychiatric disorder
- Visual impairment preventing completion of questionnaires
- Cognitive impairment preventing completion of questionnaires
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Primipar Annelerde Eş Desteğinin Doğum Sonu Ebeveynlik Özgüveni ve Depresyon Düzeyleri Üzerindeki Etkisi: Kesitsel Bir Çalışma
The transition to motherhood, particularly for first-time (primiparous) women, is a critical life period requiring substantial psychological and social adjustment. Hormonal changes, increased caregiving responsibilities, sleep disturbances, and potential social isolation during pregnancy and the postpartum period may increase vulnerability to stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common mental health concern that adversely affects maternal well-being, mother-infant interaction, and infant development, with insufficient social support identified as one of its most significant risk factors.
Maternal self-efficacy, defined as a mother's perceived competence in caring for and responding to her infant's needs, is a key indicator of successful adaptation to the parenting role. Evidence suggests that maternal self-efficacy develops primarily within the first months after childbirth and tends to be lower in primiparous women. Low parenting self-efficacy has been associated with increased depressive symptoms, higher parenting stress, impaired mother-infant bonding, and negative developmental outcomes for the infant.
Read more
Among social support sources, partner support plays a particularly protective role during the transition to parenthood. Emotional, informational, and practical support provided by the partner has been shown to enhance maternal self-efficacy, reduce psychological distress, improve marital adjustment, and lower the risk of postpartum depression. Conversely, low perceived partner support and relationship difficulties are associated with an increased risk of PPD in primiparous mothers.
The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between perceived partner support and postpartum parenting self-efficacy and depressive symptoms in primiparous women. Additionally, the study seeks to evaluate the explanatory and protective role of partner support on maternal self-efficacy and postpartum depression during the early postpartum period.
- Conditions
- Support, Postpartum Period, Parenting
- Keywords
- Postpartum Period, Support, Parenting, Primipar
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Primipar mothers | Primipar mothers aged 18 years and older, who are in the postpartum period (0-12 months), living with their spouse/partner, and participating voluntarily in this observational study. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Introduction Information Forum
This form was developed by the researchers based on the relevant literature and consists of 29 items designed to assess the sociodemographic, obstetric, and early postpartum experiences of primiparous women. The form includes variables related to partner support, sources of social support, childbirth experience, initiation of breastfeeding, and maternal emotional status. The items were constructed using core variables commonly employed in the assessment of psychosocial status during the postpartum period.
Measured: At enrollment
Parenting Self-Confidence (Karitane Parenting Confidence Scale)
Parenting self-confidence assessed using the Karitane Parenting Confidence Scale (KPCS). The scale consists of 15 items scored on a 4-point Likert scale, with total scores ranging from 0 to 42. Higher scores indicate greater parenting self-confidence.
Measured: At enrollment
Perceived Spousal Support measured by the Early Postpartum Perceived Spousal Support Scale
The Early Postpartum Perceived Spousal Support Scale (ELSKAEDÖ) is a structured self-report questionnaire developed to assess women's perceived spousal support during the early postpartum period. The scale consists of 16 items and includes three subdomains: emotional support (7 items), social support (6 items), and physical support (3 items).
Items are rated on a 5-point Likert scale. Positively worded items are scored from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree), while negatively worded items are reverse-coded before calculating the total score.
The total score ranges from 16 to 80, with higher scores indicating greater perceived spousal support and better psychosocial outcomes, and lower scores indicating insufficient perceived support.
Measured: At enrollment
Postpartum Depression (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale)
Depressive symptoms assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). The scale includes 10 items scored on a 4-point Likert scale, with total scores ranging from 0 to 30. Higher scores indicate greater risk of postpartum depression.
Measured: At enrollment
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted29 Jan 2026
- Study start30 Jan 2026
- Primary completion22 Sep 2026
- Study completion22 Sep 2026
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (2)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for SupportStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Istanbul University - CerrahpasaThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Case only
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
- Enrolment
- 198 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Acibadem University
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Eslem Altıntaş, Acibadem University
- Investigators
- Merve Coşkun, Ph.D., Principal investigator, Acibadem University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07376369
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2025-20/738
- Status last verified
- Oct 2026
- First submitted
- 22 Jan 2026
- Last updated
- 8 Oct 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Leahy Warren P. First-time mothers: social support and confidence in infant care. J Adv Nurs. 2005 Jun;50(5):479-88. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2005.03425.x.
PubMed 15882364Yılmaz, B., & Oskay, Ü. (2021). Karitane Parent Self-Confidence Scale: Turkish validity and reliability study. Cukurova Medical Journal, 46(2), 801-813.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 8 Oct 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Primipar Annelerde Eş Desteğinin Doğum Sonu Ebeveynlik Özgüveni ve Depresyon Düzeyleri Üzerindeki Etkisi: Kesitsel Bir Çalışma
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07376369
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 2025-20/738
- Conditions
- Support, Postpartum Period, Parenting
- Keywords
- Postpartum Period, Support, Parenting, Primipar
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 198 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Istanbul University - CerrahpasaUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Acibadem University
- Study start
- 30 Jan 2026 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 22 Sep 2026 (actual)
- Study completion
- 22 Sep 2026 (actual)
- First posted
- 29 Jan 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The transition to motherhood, particularly for first-time (primiparous) women, is a critical life period requiring substantial psychological and social adjustment. Hormonal changes, increased caregiving responsibilities, sleep disturbances, and potential social isolation during pregnancy and the postpartum period may increase vulnerability to stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common mental health concern that adversely affects maternal well-being, mother-infant interaction, and infant development, with insufficient social support identified as one of its most significant risk factors.
Maternal self-efficacy, defined as a mother's perceived competence in caring for and responding to her infant's needs, is a key indicator of successful adaptation to the parenting role. Evidence suggests that maternal self-efficacy develops primarily within the first months after childbirth and tends to be lower in primiparous women. Low parenting self-efficacy has been associated with increased depressive symptoms, higher parenting stress, impaired mother-infant bonding, and negative developmental outcomes for the infant.
Among social support sources, partner support plays a particularly protective role during the transition to parenthood. Emotional, informational, and practical support provided by the partner has been shown to enhance maternal self-efficacy, reduce psychological distress, improve marital adjustment, and lower the risk of postpartum depression. Conversely, low perceived partner support and relationship difficulties are associated with an increased risk of PPD in primiparous mothers.
The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between perceived partner support and postpartum parenting self-efficacy and depressive symptoms in primiparous women. Additionally, the study seeks to evaluate the explanatory and protective role of partner support on maternal self-efficacy and postpartum depression during the early postpartum period.
Study design
- Observational model
- Case only
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Primipar mothers | – | –Primipar mothers aged 18 years and older, who are in the postpartum period (0-12 months), living with their spouse/partner, and participating voluntarily in this observational study. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- The study population consists of primiparous mothers aged 18 years and older who are between 0 and 12 months postpartum and living with their spouse or partner. Participants will be recruited online via social media and similar digital platforms and will complete self-report questionnaires.
Key inclusion criteria (0 listed)
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Diagnosed neurological disorder
- Diagnosed psychiatric disorder
- Visual impairment preventing completion of questionnaires
- Cognitive impairment preventing completion of questionnaires
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Primary outcome
Introduction Information Forum
Time frame: At enrollment
This form was developed by the researchers based on the relevant literature and consists of 29 items designed to assess the sociodemographic, obstetric, and early postpartum experiences of primiparous women. The form includes variables related to partner support, sources of social support, childbirth experience, initiation of breastfeeding, and maternal emotional status. The items were constructed using core variables commonly employed in the assessment of psychosocial status during the postpartum period.
Parenting Self-Confidence (Karitane Parenting Confidence Scale)
Time frame: At enrollment
Parenting self-confidence assessed using the Karitane Parenting Confidence Scale (KPCS). The scale consists of 15 items scored on a 4-point Likert scale, with total scores ranging from 0 to 42. Higher scores indicate greater parenting self-confidence.
Perceived Spousal Support measured by the Early Postpartum Perceived Spousal Support Scale
Time frame: At enrollment
The Early Postpartum Perceived Spousal Support Scale (ELSKAEDÖ) is a structured self-report questionnaire developed to assess women's perceived spousal support during the early postpartum period. The scale consists of 16 items and includes three subdomains: emotional support (7 items), social support (6 items), and physical support (3 items). Items are rated on a 5-point Likert scale. Positively worded items are scored from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree), while negatively worded items are reverse-coded before calculating the total score. The total score ranges from 16 to 80, with higher scores indicating greater perceived spousal support and better psychosocial outcomes, and lower scores indicating insufficient perceived support.
Postpartum Depression (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale)
Time frame: At enrollment
Depressive symptoms assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). The scale includes 10 items scored on a 4-point Likert scale, with total scores ranging from 0 to 30. Higher scores indicate greater risk of postpartum depression.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 8 Oct 2026.
- Background: PubMed 15882364Leahy Warren P. First-time mothers: social support and confidence in infant care. J Adv Nurs. 2005 Jun;50(5):479-88. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2005.03425.x.
- BackgroundYılmaz, B., & Oskay, Ü. (2021). Karitane Parent Self-Confidence Scale: Turkish validity and reliability study. Cukurova Medical Journal, 46(2), 801-813.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Merve Coşkun, Ph.D. principal investigator
Acibadem University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Support and Postpartum Period, run by Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 0 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 8 Oct 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Introduction Information Forum (time frame: At enrollment). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07376369, which also lists 2 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 8 Oct 2026; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 7 Nov 2026.