Functional BalanceTEF-BALANCENCT07395947
Adolescent Elite Athletes: Trunk Mobility, Lower Extremity Flexibility, and Functional Balance Across Sports
An observational study of Functional Balance and Mobility Limitation, run by Eastern Mediterranean University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
This cross-sectional observational study compared trunk mobility, hamstring flexibility, and dynamic functional balance performance among elite male adolescent athletes aged 15-17 years from different sports branches, including wrestling, sprint athletics, canoe/kayak, and taekwondo. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 15 to 17 years, men onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Functional Balance, Mobility Limitation, Lower Extremity Problem
- How many people
- 125 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 26 Dec 2025to 16 Mar 2026
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 15 to 17 years
- Men only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child
Study population: The study population consists of elite male adolescent athletes aged 15-17 years who are actively training and competing in different sports branches, including wrestling, sprint athletics, canoe/kayak, and taekwondo. Participants are recruited from sports performance centers and evaluated using standardized, non-invasive clinical assessments of trunk mobility, flexibility, and functional balance.
Who may be able to join
- Male adolescent athletes aged 15-17 years
- Licensed and actively training and competing in their respective sports branch
- Minimum of 3 years of continuous training experience
- Ability to complete all clinical and biomechanical assessments
- Written informed consent obtained from the participant and a parent or legal guardian
Who cannot join
- Acute musculoskeletal injury within the past 3 months
- Chronic lower extremity or spinal pathology
- History of orthopedic surgery within the past 6 months
- Neurological, metabolic, or systemic condition affecting movement or balance
- Inability to comply with the testing protocol or incomplete assessment data
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study of Trunk Mobility, Hamstring Flexibility, and Functional Balance Across Different Sports in Elite Adolescent Male Athletes
This cross-sectional observational study compared trunk mobility, hamstring flexibility, and dynamic functional balance performance among elite male adolescent athletes aged 15-17 years from different sports branches, including wrestling, sprint athletics, canoe/kayak, and taekwondo.
All assessments were conducted during a single baseline evaluation session using standardized, non-invasive clinical measurement tools. Trunk mobility was assessed using a digital inclinometer, hamstring flexibility was evaluated with the active Straight Leg Raise test using a goniometer, and dynamic functional balance was measured using the Y-Balance Test composite score on the dominant lower extremity.
The findings of this study provide sport-specific reference data and contribute to the identification of biomechanical characteristics related to mobility, flexibility, and balance in elite adolescent athletes across different sports disciplines.
Read the detailed description
This study was conducted as a cross-sectional observational investigation in elite male adolescent athletes aged 15-17 years who were actively training and competing in different sports branches, including wrestling, sprint athletics, canoe/kayak, and taekwondo. The study aimed to compare trunk mobility, hamstring flexibility, and dynamic functional balance performance across different sports disciplines and to identify sport-specific biomechanical characteristics in this population.
All participants underwent a single baseline assessment at study enrollment. Trunk mobility was evaluated using a digital inclinometer to measure active spinal flexion, extension, and rotation at the lumbosacral and thoracolumbar regions. Hamstring flexibility was assessed on the dominant lower extremity using the active Straight Leg Raise test with a clinical goniometer. Dynamic functional balance was assessed using the Y-Balance Test, and a normalized composite score was calculated based on anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral reach distances.
Demographic and training-related characteristics, including age, training history, sport branch, and dominant limb, were recorded for descriptive purposes. Body composition parameters, including body fat percentage and body mass index, were obtained for participant profiling only and were not analyzed as primary study outcomes.
All assessments were non-invasive and were performed by an experienced physiotherapist using standardized clinical protocols. The findings of this study are expected to provide sport-specific reference values, support performance evaluation, and contribute to injury risk awareness and biomechanical profiling in elite adolescent athlete populations.
- Being tested
- No intervention
- Keywords
- Adolescent Athletes, balance, lower extremity
- Medical subject headings
- Mobility Limitation
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
No interventionOther
No intervention was administered. This study was observational in nature
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Wrestling Athletes Group/ Cohort | Elite male adolescent athletes competing in wrestling. Receives: Other: No intervention | |
| Sprint Athletes Group/ Cohort | Elite male adolescent athletes competing in sprint athletics. Receives: Other: No intervention | |
| Canoe/Kayak Athletes Group/ Cohort | Elite male adolescent athletes competing in canoe/kayak disciplines. Receives: Other: No intervention | |
| Taekwondo Athletes Group/ Cohort | Elite male adolescent athletes competing in taekwondo. Receives: Other: No intervention |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Y-Balance Test Composite Score (%)
Dynamic functional balance performance assessed using the Y-Balance Test. The composite score is calculated from normalized anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral reach distances performed on the dominant lower extremity.
Measured: At study enrollment (single baseline assessment)
Secondary outcomes (4)
Trunk Mobility - Inclinometer Range of Motion (°)
Spinal mobility assessed using a digital inclinometer. Active trunk flexion, extension, and rotation angles are measured at the lumbosacral and thoracolumbar regions and recorded in degrees on the dominant side.
Measured: At study enrollment (single baseline assessment)
Hamstring Flexibility - Straight Leg Raise Angle (°)
Hamstring flexibility evaluated using the passive Straight Leg Raise test on the dominant lower extremity. The maximum tolerated hip flexion angle is measured in degrees using a clinical goniometer.
Measured: At study enrollment (single baseline assessment)
Body Fat Percentage (%)
Body fat percentage measured using a multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis device. This parameter is collected for descriptive and profiling purposes only.
Measured: At study enrollment (single baseline assessment)
Body Mass Index (BMI, kg/m²)
Body mass index calculated as body weight divided by height squared (kg/m²). BMI is collected for descriptive and participant profiling purposes only.
Measured: At study enrollment (single baseline assessment)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted9 Feb 2026
- Study start26 Dec 2025
- Primary completion11 Mar 2026
- Study completion16 Mar 2026
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Functional BalanceStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
- Enrolment
- 125 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Eastern Mediterranean University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Toros University
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Burçin Uğur Tosun, Toros University
- Investigators
- burcin ugur tosun, Study chair, Ministry of Youth and Sports, Olympic Preparation Center, Adana, Türkiye
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07395947
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- TU-SBF-2025-10-27
- Acronym
- TEF-BALANCE
- Status last verified
- Oct 2026
- First submitted
- 26 Dec 2025
- Last updated
- 27 Oct 2026
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 27 Oct 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study of Trunk Mobility, Hamstring Flexibility, and Functional Balance Across Different Sports in Elite Adolescent Male Athletes
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07395947
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- TEF-BALANCE / TU-SBF-2025-10-27
- Keywords
- Adolescent Athletes, balance, lower extremity
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 125 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Eastern Mediterranean UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Toros University
- Study start
- 26 Dec 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 11 Mar 2026 (actual)
- Study completion
- 16 Mar 2026 (actual)
- First posted
- 9 Feb 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This cross-sectional observational study compared trunk mobility, hamstring flexibility, and dynamic functional balance performance among elite male adolescent athletes aged 15-17 years from different sports branches, including wrestling, sprint athletics, canoe/kayak, and taekwondo.
All assessments were conducted during a single baseline evaluation session using standardized, non-invasive clinical measurement tools. Trunk mobility was assessed using a digital inclinometer, hamstring flexibility was evaluated with the active Straight Leg Raise test using a goniometer, and dynamic functional balance was measured using the Y-Balance Test composite score on the dominant lower extremity.
The findings of this study provide sport-specific reference data and contribute to the identification of biomechanical characteristics related to mobility, flexibility, and balance in elite adolescent athletes across different sports disciplines.
Detailed description
This study was conducted as a cross-sectional observational investigation in elite male adolescent athletes aged 15-17 years who were actively training and competing in different sports branches, including wrestling, sprint athletics, canoe/kayak, and taekwondo. The study aimed to compare trunk mobility, hamstring flexibility, and dynamic functional balance performance across different sports disciplines and to identify sport-specific biomechanical characteristics in this population.
All participants underwent a single baseline assessment at study enrollment. Trunk mobility was evaluated using a digital inclinometer to measure active spinal flexion, extension, and rotation at the lumbosacral and thoracolumbar regions. Hamstring flexibility was assessed on the dominant lower extremity using the active Straight Leg Raise test with a clinical goniometer. Dynamic functional balance was assessed using the Y-Balance Test, and a normalized composite score was calculated based on anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral reach distances.
Demographic and training-related characteristics, including age, training history, sport branch, and dominant limb, were recorded for descriptive purposes. Body composition parameters, including body fat percentage and body mass index, were obtained for participant profiling only and were not analyzed as primary study outcomes.
All assessments were non-invasive and were performed by an experienced physiotherapist using standardized clinical protocols. The findings of this study are expected to provide sport-specific reference values, support performance evaluation, and contribute to injury risk awareness and biomechanical profiling in elite adolescent athlete populations.
Study design
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
- Number of arms
- 4
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Wrestling Athletes Group/ Cohort | – | Other: No interventionElite male adolescent athletes competing in wrestling. |
| Sprint Athletes Group/ Cohort | – | Other: No interventionElite male adolescent athletes competing in sprint athletics. |
| Canoe/Kayak Athletes Group/ Cohort | – | Other: No interventionElite male adolescent athletes competing in canoe/kayak disciplines. |
| Taekwondo Athletes Group/ Cohort | – | Other: No interventionElite male adolescent athletes competing in taekwondo. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 15 to 17 years
- Sex
- Male only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child
- Study population
- The study population consists of elite male adolescent athletes aged 15-17 years who are actively training and competing in different sports branches, including wrestling, sprint athletics, canoe/kayak, and taekwondo. Participants are recruited from sports performance centers and evaluated using standardized, non-invasive clinical assessments of trunk mobility, flexibility, and functional balance.
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Male adolescent athletes aged 15-17 years
- Licensed and actively training and competing in their respective sports branch
- Minimum of 3 years of continuous training experience
- Ability to complete all clinical and biomechanical assessments
- Written informed consent obtained from the participant and a parent or legal guardian
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Acute musculoskeletal injury within the past 3 months
- Chronic lower extremity or spinal pathology
- History of orthopedic surgery within the past 6 months
- Neurological, metabolic, or systemic condition affecting movement or balance
- Inability to comply with the testing protocol or incomplete assessment data
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| No interventionNo intervention was administered. This study was observational in nature | Other | Canoe/Kayak Athletes Group/ Cohort, Sprint Athletes Group/ Cohort, Taekwondo Athletes Group/ Cohort, Wrestling Athletes Group/ Cohort |
Primary outcome
Y-Balance Test Composite Score (%)
Time frame: At study enrollment (single baseline assessment)
Dynamic functional balance performance assessed using the Y-Balance Test. The composite score is calculated from normalized anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral reach distances performed on the dominant lower extremity.
4 secondary outcomes
Trunk Mobility - Inclinometer Range of Motion (°)
Time frame: At study enrollment (single baseline assessment)
Hamstring Flexibility - Straight Leg Raise Angle (°)
Time frame: At study enrollment (single baseline assessment)
Body Fat Percentage (%)
Time frame: At study enrollment (single baseline assessment)
Body Mass Index (BMI, kg/m²)
Time frame: At study enrollment (single baseline assessment)
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 27 Oct 2026.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
burcin ugur tosun study chair
Ministry of Youth and Sports, Olympic Preparation Center, Adana, Türkiye
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Functional Balance and Mobility Limitation, run by Eastern Mediterranean University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 27 Oct 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Y-Balance Test Composite Score (%) (time frame: At study enrollment (single baseline assessment)). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 27 Oct 2026.