Multiple SclerosisNCT07399262
Music-Augmented Rhythmic Gait Training in Multiple Sclerosis
A study testing Breathing and General Mobility Exercises, Music-Assisted Rhythmic Gait Training and Rhythmic Gait Training Without Music in people with Multiple Sclerosis and Rehabilitation, run by Biruni University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
This randomized controlled trial aims to compare the effects of technology-based rhythmic gait training performed with and without music on walking performance and clinical outcomes in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Multiple Sclerosis, Rehabilitation
- What is being tested?
- Breathing and General Mobility Exercises, Music-Assisted Rhythmic Gait Training and Rhythmic Gait Training Without Music
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 32 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 20 Jan 2026to 30 Jul 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score between 0 and 4.0
- Access to the internet via a high-speed smartphone or computer
- A score of at least 21 on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)
- Functional Ambulation Scale score of Stage 3 or higher
Who cannot join
- Presence of hearing or visual impairments
- Current participation in any structured exercise program
- Presence of other neurological, cardiovascular, or orthopedic disorders
- History of MS relapse or change in disease-modifying treatment within the last 6 months
- Physical conditions preventing safe participation in the exercise program
- Comorbid conditions that adversely affect oxygen transport (e.g., severe anemia, peripheral arterial disease)
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Biruni University
Istanbul, Zeytinburnu, 34015
About this study
Official title: Music-Augmented Versus Non-Music Technology-Based Rhythmic Gait Training in Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Gait Performance and Clinical Outcomes
This randomized controlled trial aims to compare the effects of technology-based rhythmic gait training performed with and without music on walking performance and clinical outcomes in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). Thirty-two participants with mild to moderate disability will be randomly assigned to either a music-assisted rhythmic gait training group or a non-music control group, with both interventions delivered via telerehabilitation. Outcomes related to gait performance, balance, fatigue, and cognitive function will be assessed before and after a four-week intervention period.
Read the detailed description
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory, and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that leads to impairments in motor and cognitive functions, with gait disturbances being among the most common and disabling symptoms. Walking impairments in individuals with MS substantially reduce quality of life and are frequently accompanied by balance deficits, fatigue, and decreased functional capacity, ultimately limiting independence in daily activities.
Recent evidence suggests that rhythmic auditory stimulation and music-based gait training can enhance motor control and walking performance by providing external temporal cues that facilitate movement coordination. In parallel, telerehabilitation has emerged as an effective and accessible rehabilitation approach, enabling supervised exercise delivery while reducing barriers related to transportation, cost, and long-term adherence.
In this randomized controlled trial, a total of 32 individuals with MS who have an Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score between 0 and 4 and a definite diagnosis according to the McDonald criteria will be recruited. Participants will be randomly allocated into two groups using computer-generated randomization. The intervention group (Group A) will perform rhythmic gait exercises accompanied by music, whereas the control group (Group B) will perform the same exercises without music. Both interventions will be delivered in a telerehabilitation format under the supervision of a physiotherapist.
The intervention program will last four weeks, with training sessions conducted four days per week. Primary and secondary outcome measures assessing walking performance, balance, fatigue, and cognitive function will be administered before and after the intervention period.
The primary objective of this study is to comparatively evaluate the effects of technology-based, music-assisted rhythmic gait training on motor outcomes in individuals with MS and to contribute high-quality scientific evidence to an area that remains underrepresented in the current rehabilitation literature.
- Conditions
- Multiple Sclerosis, Rehabilitation
- Being tested
- Breathing and General Mobility Exercises, Music-Assisted Rhythmic Gait Training, Rhythmic Gait Training Without Music
- Keywords
- Multiple Sclerosis, Rhythmic Gait Training, Music-Based Exercise, Telerehabilitation, Gait Performance
- Medical subject headings
- Multiple Sclerosis
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Breathing and General Mobility ExercisesOther
rticipants will perform standardized breathing exercises and general mobility exercises. These exercises will be delivered in the same telerehabilitation format and supervised by a physiotherapist.
Music-Assisted Rhythmic Gait TrainingOther
Participants will perform rhythmic gait training accompanied by music. The training will be delivered via telerehabilitation with real-time supervision through videoconferencing. Sessions will be conducted four days per week for four weeks. Gait training will be guided using instructional videos presented with music accompaniment.
Rhythmic Gait Training Without MusicOther
Participants will perform the same rhythmic gait training program without music. The training will be delivered via telerehabilitation with real-time supervision through videoconferencing. Sessions will be conducted four days per week for four weeks. Gait training will be guided using instructional videos presented without music (silent).
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Rhythmic GaitTraining Group with Music | Experimental | Participants in this group will perform technology-based rhythmic gait exercises accompanied by music. The intervention will be delivered via telerehabilitation under the supervision of a physiotherapist, four days per week for four weeks. Receives: Other: Breathing and General Mobility Exercises; Other: Music-Assisted Rhythmic Gait Training |
| Rhythmic Gait Training Without Music | Active comparator | Participants in this group will perform the same technology-based rhythmic gait exercises without music. The intervention will be delivered via telerehabilitation under the supervision of a physiotherapist, four days per week for four weeks. Receives: Other: Breathing and General Mobility Exercises; Other: Rhythmic Gait Training Without Music |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Gait Speed
Walking speed is the primary outcome measure of the study and will be assessed using the Timed 25-Foot Walk Test (T25FW). In this test, participants are instructed to walk a distance of 7.62 m (25 feet) as quickly and safely as possible, without running. The completion time is recorded in seconds. Two trials are performed, and the average of the two trials is recorded as the T25FW score. The T25FW is one of the most well-established and widely used measures for assessing gait impairment and walking speed in individuals with multiple sclerosis
Measured: Baseline and immediately after intervention
Secondary outcomes (8)
Two Minute Walk Test
The Two-Minute Walk Test (2MWT) will be used to assess functional walking capacity and treatment response. The total distance walked within two minutes is recorded in meters. Vital signs are measured before and after the test. In this study, the 2MWT is preferred over the 6-Minute Walk Test due to its practicality, feasibility, and validated use in individuals with MS without inducing excessive fatigue
Measured: Baseline and immediately after intervention
Timed Up and Go Test
In the Timed Up and Go Test, participants are instructed to stand up from a seated position, walk a distance of 3 meters, turn around a reference object, return to the chair, and sit down. The time required to complete the task is recorded in seconds. The test is performed three times, and the average time is used for analysis
Measured: Baseline and immediately after intervention
Step Length
Kinovea® software (version 0.8.15) is used to perform objective and quantitative kinematic and spatiotemporal gait analysis from video recordings. The software enables the analysis of parameters such as step length, stride length, base of support, step width, cadence, walking speed, and step time (37).
In this study, gait will be recorded using a camera positioned in the sagittal plane while participants walk a distance of 3 meters. Colored markers will be placed on the right and left heels to facilitate identification in the video recordings. Several gait cycles will be captured and analyzed independently using Kinovea software to determine step length (distance between consecutive heel strikes of opposite limbs), stride length (distance between consecutive heel strikes of the same limb), cadence (steps per minute), and bilateral step lengths (38-40). Walking speed (V) will be calculated using the formula:
Measured: Baseline and immediately after intervention
Stride Length
Kinovea® software (version 0.8.15) is used to perform objective and quantitative kinematic and spatiotemporal gait analysis from video recordings. The software enables the analysis of parameters such as step length, stride length, base of support, step width, cadence, walking speed, and step time (37).
In this study, gait will be recorded using a camera positioned in the sagittal plane while participants walk a distance of 3 meters. Colored markers will be placed on the right and left heels to facilitate identification in the video recordings. Several gait cycles will be captured and analyzed independently using Kinovea software to determine step length (distance between consecutive heel strikes of opposite limbs), stride length (distance between consecutive heel strikes of the same limb), cadence (steps per minute), and bilateral step lengths (38-40). Walking speed (V) will be calculated using the formula:
Measured: Baseline and immediately after intervention
Walking Speed
Kinovea® software (version 0.8.15) is used to perform objective and quantitative kinematic and spatiotemporal gait analysis from video recordings. The software enables the analysis of parameters such as step length, stride length, base of support, step width, cadence, walking speed, and step time (37).
In this study, gait will be recorded using a camera positioned in the sagittal plane while participants walk a distance of 3 meters. Colored markers will be placed on the right and left heels to facilitate identification in the video recordings. Several gait cycles will be captured and analyzed independently using Kinovea software to determine step length (distance between consecutive heel strikes of opposite limbs), stride length (distance between consecutive heel strikes of the same limb), cadence (steps per minute), and bilateral step lengths (38-40). Walking speed (V) will be calculated using the formula:
Measured: Baseline and immediately after intervention
Modified Fatigue Impact Scale
The Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS) is a 21-item questionnaire designed to assess the impact of fatigue on physical, cognitive, and psychosocial functioning (41). Each item is scored on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 0 (no problem) to 4 (severe problem). The total score ranges from 0 to 84, with higher scores indicating greater fatigue severity. Subscale scores for physical, cognitive, and psychosocial domains are calculated and summed to obtain the total score.
Measured: Baseline and immediately after intervention
The Four Square Step Test
The Four Square Step Test evaluates the ability to change direction while stepping. Participants begin in Square 1 (upper left) and follow a predefined stepping sequence clockwise (Squares 1-2-4-3) and then counterclockwise (Squares 3-4-2-1). The physiotherapist demonstrates the test and allows practice trials if needed. If the participant loses balance, touches the assistive device, or fails to complete the sequence, the test is repeated. Two trials are recorded, and the best performance time is used for analysis. Timing begins when the first foot contacts Square 2 and ends when both feet return to Square 1
Measured: Baseline and immediately after intervention
BICAMS Battery
The BICAMS battery includes the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), California Verbal Learning Test-Second Edition (CVLT-II), and Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised (BVMT-R). The battery was recommended in 2012 for monitoring cognitive function in individuals with MS, and its Turkish validity and reliability were established in 2017
Measured: Baseline and immediately after intervention
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted10 Feb 2026
- Study start20 Jan 2026
- Primary completion30 Jun 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion30 Jul 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (3)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Multiple SclerosisStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Biruni UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- This study is a two-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial comparing music-assisted rhythmic gait training with non-music rhythmic gait training, conducted without masking due to the nature of the interventions.
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 32 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Biruni University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Guzin Kaya Aytutuldu, Biruni University
- Investigators
- Guzin Kaya Aytutuldu, Principal investigator, Biruni University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07399262
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- Biruni.U
- Status last verified
- Feb 2026
- First submitted
- 29 Jan 2026
- Last updated
- 10 Feb 2026
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Benedetti MG, Piperno R, Simoncini L, Bonato P, Tonini A, Giannini S. Gait abnormalities in minimally impaired multiple sclerosis patients. Mult Scler. 1999 Oct;5(5):363-8. doi: 10.1177/135245859900500510.
PubMed 10516781Ehde DM, Elzea JL, Verrall AM, Gibbons LE, Smith AE, Amtmann D. Efficacy of a Telephone-Delivered Self-Management Intervention for Persons With Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial With a One-Year Follow-Up. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2015 Nov;96(11):1945-58.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2015.07.015. Epub 2015 Aug 6.
PubMed 26254948Conklyn D, Stough D, Novak E, Paczak S, Chemali K, Bethoux F. A home-based walking program using rhythmic auditory stimulation improves gait performance in patients with multiple sclerosis: a pilot study. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2010 Nov-Dec;24(9):835-42. doi: 10.1177/1545968310372139. Epub 2010 Jul 19.
PubMed 20643882
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 10 Feb 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Music-Augmented Versus Non-Music Technology-Based Rhythmic Gait Training in Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Gait Performance and Clinical Outcomes
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07399262
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- Biruni.U
- Conditions
- Multiple Sclerosis, Rehabilitation
- Keywords
- Multiple Sclerosis, Rhythmic Gait Training, Music-Based Exercise, Telerehabilitation, Gait Performance
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 32 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Biruni UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 20 Jan 2026 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 30 Jun 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 30 Jul 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 10 Feb 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This randomized controlled trial aims to compare the effects of technology-based rhythmic gait training performed with and without music on walking performance and clinical outcomes in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). Thirty-two participants with mild to moderate disability will be randomly assigned to either a music-assisted rhythmic gait training group or a non-music control group, with both interventions delivered via telerehabilitation. Outcomes related to gait performance, balance, fatigue, and cognitive function will be assessed before and after a four-week intervention period.
Detailed description
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory, and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that leads to impairments in motor and cognitive functions, with gait disturbances being among the most common and disabling symptoms. Walking impairments in individuals with MS substantially reduce quality of life and are frequently accompanied by balance deficits, fatigue, and decreased functional capacity, ultimately limiting independence in daily activities.
Recent evidence suggests that rhythmic auditory stimulation and music-based gait training can enhance motor control and walking performance by providing external temporal cues that facilitate movement coordination. In parallel, telerehabilitation has emerged as an effective and accessible rehabilitation approach, enabling supervised exercise delivery while reducing barriers related to transportation, cost, and long-term adherence.
In this randomized controlled trial, a total of 32 individuals with MS who have an Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score between 0 and 4 and a definite diagnosis according to the McDonald criteria will be recruited. Participants will be randomly allocated into two groups using computer-generated randomization. The intervention group (Group A) will perform rhythmic gait exercises accompanied by music, whereas the control group (Group B) will perform the same exercises without music. Both interventions will be delivered in a telerehabilitation format under the supervision of a physiotherapist.
The intervention program will last four weeks, with training sessions conducted four days per week. Primary and secondary outcome measures assessing walking performance, balance, fatigue, and cognitive function will be administered before and after the intervention period.
The primary objective of this study is to comparatively evaluate the effects of technology-based, music-assisted rhythmic gait training on motor outcomes in individuals with MS and to contribute high-quality scientific evidence to an area that remains underrepresented in the current rehabilitation literature.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- This study is a two-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial comparing music-assisted rhythmic gait training with non-music rhythmic gait training, conducted without masking due to the nature of the interventions.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Rhythmic GaitTraining Group with Music | Experimental | Other: Breathing and General Mobility Exercises, Other: Music-Assisted Rhythmic Gait TrainingParticipants in this group will perform technology-based rhythmic gait exercises accompanied by music. The intervention will be delivered via telerehabilitation under the supervision of a physiotherapist, four days per week for four weeks. |
| Rhythmic Gait Training Without Music | Active comparator | Other: Breathing and General Mobility Exercises, Other: Rhythmic Gait Training Without MusicParticipants in this group will perform the same technology-based rhythmic gait exercises without music. The intervention will be delivered via telerehabilitation under the supervision of a physiotherapist, four days per week for four weeks. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 65 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score between 0 and 4.0
- Access to the internet via a high-speed smartphone or computer
- A score of at least 21 on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)
- Functional Ambulation Scale score of Stage 3 or higher
Key exclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Presence of hearing or visual impairments
- Current participation in any structured exercise program
- Presence of other neurological, cardiovascular, or orthopedic disorders
- History of MS relapse or change in disease-modifying treatment within the last 6 months
- Physical conditions preventing safe participation in the exercise program
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Breathing and General Mobility Exercisesrticipants will perform standardized breathing exercises and general mobility exercises. These exercises will be delivered in the same telerehabilitation format and supervised by a physiotherapist. | Other | Rhythmic Gait Training Without Music, Rhythmic GaitTraining Group with Music |
| Music-Assisted Rhythmic Gait TrainingParticipants will perform rhythmic gait training accompanied by music. The training will be delivered via telerehabilitation with real-time supervision through videoconferencing. Sessions will be conducted four days per week for four weeks. Gait training will be guided using instructional videos presented with music accompaniment. | Other | Rhythmic GaitTraining Group with Music |
| Rhythmic Gait Training Without MusicParticipants will perform the same rhythmic gait training program without music. The training will be delivered via telerehabilitation with real-time supervision through videoconferencing. Sessions will be conducted four days per week for four weeks. Gait training will be guided using instructional videos presented without music (silent). | Other | Rhythmic Gait Training Without Music |
Primary outcome
Gait Speed
Time frame: Baseline and immediately after intervention
Walking speed is the primary outcome measure of the study and will be assessed using the Timed 25-Foot Walk Test (T25FW). In this test, participants are instructed to walk a distance of 7.62 m (25 feet) as quickly and safely as possible, without running. The completion time is recorded in seconds. Two trials are performed, and the average of the two trials is recorded as the T25FW score. The T25FW is one of the most well-established and widely used measures for assessing gait impairment and walking speed in individuals with multiple sclerosis
8 secondary outcomes
Two Minute Walk Test
Time frame: Baseline and immediately after intervention
Timed Up and Go Test
Time frame: Baseline and immediately after intervention
Step Length
Time frame: Baseline and immediately after intervention
Stride Length
Time frame: Baseline and immediately after intervention
Walking Speed
Time frame: Baseline and immediately after intervention
Modified Fatigue Impact Scale
Time frame: Baseline and immediately after intervention
The Four Square Step Test
Time frame: Baseline and immediately after intervention
BICAMS Battery
Time frame: Baseline and immediately after intervention
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 10 Feb 2026.
- Background: PubMed 10516781Benedetti MG, Piperno R, Simoncini L, Bonato P, Tonini A, Giannini S. Gait abnormalities in minimally impaired multiple sclerosis patients. Mult Scler. 1999 Oct;5(5):363-8. doi: 10.1177/135245859900500510.
- Background: PubMed 26254948Ehde DM, Elzea JL, Verrall AM, Gibbons LE, Smith AE, Amtmann D. Efficacy of a Telephone-Delivered Self-Management Intervention for Persons With Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial With a One-Year Follow-Up. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2015 Nov;96(11):1945-58.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2015.07.015. Epub 2015 Aug 6.
- Background: PubMed 20643882Conklyn D, Stough D, Novak E, Paczak S, Chemali K, Bethoux F. A home-based walking program using rhythmic auditory stimulation improves gait performance in patients with multiple sclerosis: a pilot study. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2010 Nov-Dec;24(9):835-42. doi: 10.1177/1545968310372139. Epub 2010 Jul 19.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
Related trials for Multiple Sclerosis
Active, not recruitingPhase 3
An Extension Study of Ublituximab in Participants With Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis
Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis (RMS)
RecruitingObservational study
A Study Evaluating the Real World Experience of Participants Treated With BRIUMVI® (Ublituximab-xiiy) for Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis (RMS)
Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis, Multiple Sclerosis
RecruitingObservational study
Non-interventional Study of Subcutaneous Ocrelizumab in Persons With Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
RecruitingPhase 2
A Phase 2a Study of SUN-627 in Participants With Non-Active Secondary Progressive and Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (SPMS/PPMS)
Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis, Primary Progressive MS
RecruitingPhase 4
A Study of Ocrelizumab Administered Subcutaneously in Participants With Multiple Sclerosis Who Switch From an Approved Anti-CD20 Therapy
Multiple Sclerosis
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Guzin Kaya Aytutuldu principal investigator
Biruni University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Breathing and General Mobility Exercises, Music-Assisted Rhythmic Gait Training and Rhythmic Gait Training Without Music in people with Multiple Sclerosis and Rehabilitation, run by Biruni University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 6 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 10 Feb 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Güzin Kaya Aytutuldu (05366265884, guzinkaya14@gmail.com), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Gait Speed (time frame: Baseline and immediately after intervention). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07399262, which also lists 3 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 10 Feb 2026.