Inspiratory Muscle TrainingNCT07406451
Inspiratory Muscle Training Enhances Jumping Power and Shoot-ing Performance in Elite Air Pistol Athletes
A study testing Inspiratory Muscle Training (IMT) Group in people with Inspiratory Muscle Training and Shooting Performance, run by Gümüşhane Universıty at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
This randomized controlled trial investigated the effects of a four-week inspiratory muscle training (IMT) program on physical and motor performance parameters and shooting accuracy in elite male air pistol athletes. Twenty athletes were randomly assigned to either an IMT group or a control group. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 35 years, men onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Inspiratory Muscle Training, Shooting Performance, Jump Performance
- What is being tested?
- Inspiratory Muscle Training (IMT) Group
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 20 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 5 Sep 2025to 20 Oct 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 35 years
- Men only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Male athletes aged 18-35 years
- Minimum of 3 years of systematic air pistol shooting experience
- Regular training for at least the previous 6 months
- Medically cleared for physical activity
Who cannot join
- History of respiratory, cardiovascular, neurological, or musculoskeletal disorders
- Current injury affecting performance
- Participation in respiratory muscle training within the last 6 months
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Gumushane Univetsity
Gümüşhane, Trabzon, Ordu, Giresun, Rize, Artvin, Gümüşhane, 29600
About this study
This randomized controlled trial investigated the effects of a four-week inspiratory muscle training (IMT) program on physical and motor performance parameters and shooting accuracy in elite male air pistol athletes. Twenty athletes were randomly assigned to either an IMT group or a control group. Outcome measures included jumping performance, reaction time, flexibility, and shooting accuracy assessed via the SCATT system. The findings demonstrated that IMT significantly improved lower-limb explosive power and shooting performance without affecting reaction time or flexibility.
Read the detailed description
Air pistol shooting is a precision sport requiring postural stability, neuromuscular coordination, and controlled breathing. Inspiratory muscle training has been shown to enhance respiratory muscle strength, trunk stability, and neuromuscular efficiency. However, evidence regarding its effects in precision sports is limited.
This study employed a four-week parallel-group randomized controlled design to examine whether IMT improves jumping performance, reaction time, and shooting accuracy in elite air pistol athletes. The IMT group performed twice-daily resisted breathing sessions using a POWERbreathe® device, while the control group continued standard training. Performance outcomes were assessed before and after the intervention period.
- Conditions
- Inspiratory Muscle Training, Shooting Performance, Jump Performance, Precision Sport Performance
- Being tested
- Inspiratory Muscle Training (IMT) Group, Control Group (A):
- Keywords
- Inspiratory Muscle Training, Jump performance, Shooting performance, SCATT, Reaction Time
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Inspiratory Muscle Training (IMT) GroupOther
Participants performed inspiratory muscle training using a POWERbreathe® Classic device. Training consisted of two daily sessions of 30 resisted breaths, six days per week, for four weeks. Initial resistance was set at 40% of maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and progressively increased weekly.
Control Group (A):Other
Participants continued their regular air pistol training routines without inspiratory muscle training.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Inspiratory Muscle Training (IMT) Group | Experimental | Participants performed inspiratory muscle training using a POWERbreathe® Classic device. Training consisted of two daily sessions of 30 resisted breaths, six days per week, for four weeks. Initial resistance was set at 40% of maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and progressively increased weekly. Receives: Other: Inspiratory Muscle Training (IMT) Group; Other: Control Group (A): |
| Control Group | No intervention | Participants continued their regular air pistol training routines without inspiratory muscle training. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Shooting Performance (SCATT Score)
Shooting accuracy and stability assessed using the SCATT shooting simulation system
Measured: 4 weeks
Secondary outcomes (5)
Countermovement Jump Height and Power
Measured using OptoJump Next system
Measured: 4 Weeks
Squat Jump Height and Power
Measured using OptoJump Next system
Measured: 4 Weeks
Visual Reaction Time
Assessed using Cognitech reaction time tester
Measured: 4 weeks
Auditory Reaction Time
Assessed using Cognitech reaction time tester
Measured: 4 week
Flexibility (Sit-and-Reach Test)
Flexibility (Sit-and-Reach Test)
Measured: 4 week
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted12 Feb 2026
- Study start5 Sep 2025
- Primary completion15 Oct 2025
- Study completion20 Oct 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Inspiratory Muscle TrainingStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Participants performed inspiratory muscle training using a POWERbreathe® Classic device. Training consisted of two daily sessions of 30 resisted breaths, six days per week, for four weeks. Initial resistance was set at 40% of maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and progressively increased weekly.
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 20 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Gümüşhane Universıty
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Coşkun YILMAZ, Gümüşhane Universıty
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07406451
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2025-019
- Status last verified
- Feb 2026
- First submitted
- 6 Feb 2026
- Last updated
- 12 Feb 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: The individual participant data collected in this study will not be shared with other researchers due to the need to protect participant confidentiality and the lack of permission for data sharing within the scope of informed consent.
Publications
Aydin AS, Yilmaz C, Soyler M, Guney G, Eyuboglu E, Karakulak I, Ceylan T, Altug T, Burac DG, Sahinler Y, Citozi R, Tutal V, Geanta VA. Inspiratory muscle training enhances jumping power and shooting performance in elite air pistol athletes. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2026 Apr 28;18(1):278. doi: 10.1186/s13102-026-01715-8.
PubMed 42046150
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 12 Feb 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Inspiratory Muscle Training Enhances Jumping Power and Shoot-ing Performance in Elite Air Pistol Athletes
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07406451
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 2025-019
- Conditions
- Inspiratory Muscle Training, Shooting Performance, Jump Performance, Precision Sport Performance
- Keywords
- Inspiratory Muscle Training, Jump performance, Shooting performance, SCATT, Reaction Time
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 20 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Gümüşhane UniversıtyUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 5 Sep 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 15 Oct 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 20 Oct 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 12 Feb 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This randomized controlled trial investigated the effects of a four-week inspiratory muscle training (IMT) program on physical and motor performance parameters and shooting accuracy in elite male air pistol athletes. Twenty athletes were randomly assigned to either an IMT group or a control group. Outcome measures included jumping performance, reaction time, flexibility, and shooting accuracy assessed via the SCATT system. The findings demonstrated that IMT significantly improved lower-limb explosive power and shooting performance without affecting reaction time or flexibility.
Detailed description
Air pistol shooting is a precision sport requiring postural stability, neuromuscular coordination, and controlled breathing. Inspiratory muscle training has been shown to enhance respiratory muscle strength, trunk stability, and neuromuscular efficiency. However, evidence regarding its effects in precision sports is limited.
This study employed a four-week parallel-group randomized controlled design to examine whether IMT improves jumping performance, reaction time, and shooting accuracy in elite air pistol athletes. The IMT group performed twice-daily resisted breathing sessions using a POWERbreathe® device, while the control group continued standard training. Performance outcomes were assessed before and after the intervention period.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Participants performed inspiratory muscle training using a POWERbreathe® Classic device. Training consisted of two daily sessions of 30 resisted breaths, six days per week, for four weeks. Initial resistance was set at 40% of maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and progressively increased weekly.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Inspiratory Muscle Training (IMT) Group | Experimental | Other: Inspiratory Muscle Training (IMT) Group, Other: Control Group (A):Participants performed inspiratory muscle training using a POWERbreathe® Classic device. Training consisted of two daily sessions of 30 resisted breaths, six days per week, for four weeks. Initial resistance was set at 40% of maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and progressively increased weekly. |
| Control Group | No intervention | –Participants continued their regular air pistol training routines without inspiratory muscle training. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 35 years
- Sex
- Male only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Male athletes aged 18-35 years
- Minimum of 3 years of systematic air pistol shooting experience
- Regular training for at least the previous 6 months
- Medically cleared for physical activity
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- History of respiratory, cardiovascular, neurological, or musculoskeletal disorders
- Current injury affecting performance
- Participation in respiratory muscle training within the last 6 months
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Inspiratory Muscle Training (IMT) GroupParticipants performed inspiratory muscle training using a POWERbreathe® Classic device. Training consisted of two daily sessions of 30 resisted breaths, six days per week, for four weeks. Initial resistance was set at 40% of maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and progressively increased weekly. | Other | Inspiratory Muscle Training (IMT) Group |
| Control Group (A):Participants continued their regular air pistol training routines without inspiratory muscle training. | Other | Inspiratory Muscle Training (IMT) Group |
Primary outcome
Shooting Performance (SCATT Score)
Time frame: 4 weeks
Shooting accuracy and stability assessed using the SCATT shooting simulation system
5 secondary outcomes
Countermovement Jump Height and Power
Time frame: 4 Weeks
Squat Jump Height and Power
Time frame: 4 Weeks
Visual Reaction Time
Time frame: 4 weeks
Auditory Reaction Time
Time frame: 4 week
Flexibility (Sit-and-Reach Test)
Time frame: 4 week
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 12 Feb 2026.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 42046150Aydin AS, Yilmaz C, Soyler M, Guney G, Eyuboglu E, Karakulak I, Ceylan T, Altug T, Burac DG, Sahinler Y, Citozi R, Tutal V, Geanta VA. Inspiratory muscle training enhances jumping power and shooting performance in elite air pistol athletes. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2026 Apr 28;18(1):278. doi: 10.1186/s13102-026-01715-8.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. The individual participant data collected in this study will not be shared with other researchers due to the need to protect participant confidentiality and the lack of permission for data sharing within the scope of informed consent.
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Home-based Inspiratory Muscle Training in Pulmonary Hypertension
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Enrolling by invitation
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Inspiratory Muscle Training (IMT) Group in people with Inspiratory Muscle Training and Shooting Performance, run by Gümüşhane Universıty at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 12 Feb 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Shooting Performance (SCATT Score) (time frame: 4 weeks). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07406451, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 12 Feb 2026.