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Ultra-processed FoodNCT07427095

The Relationship Between Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Oral Health

An observational study of Ultra-processed Food, run by Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Training and Research Hospital at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).

Not yet recruiting

Opening soon. The study is approved but enrolment has not started yet. Sites may already take enquiries.

Sites and contacts
Official record
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Trial summary

The goal of this observational study is to examine the potential relationship between ultra-processed food consumption and the presence of dental caries and periodontal disease, and to evaluate the role of the Ultra-Processed Food Index (UPFI) in this association. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 to 65 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
Conditions the study is for
Ultra-processed Food
How many people
200 participants
Where
1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
Study dates
27 Apr 2026to 26 Oct 2026
How long will I take part?
1 Day
Phase
Observational
Are there results?
Not yet: the study is under way

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 to 65 years
  • All sexes
  • Healthy volunteers accepted
  • Adult, Older adult

Study population: Patients coming to the Periodontology Clinic of Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Faculty of Dentistry for routine treatment

Who may be able to join

  • Individuals between the ages of 18 and 65,
  • Individuals with at least 20 teeth,
  • Not having received periodontal treatment in the last 6 months,
  • Not having taken antibiotics, steroids, and/or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the last 3 weeks,
  • Not having any autoimmune disease, osteoporosis, or cancer,
  • Not using immunosuppressive drugs, oral contraceptives, or bisphosphonates,
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  • Not being pregnant,
  • Not having an active infectious disease (acute hepatitis, tuberculosis, AIDS),
  • Not using chronic medications that affect periodontal tissues (cyclosporine A, Phenytoin),
  • Not having taken antioxidant supplements in the last 6 months.

Who cannot join

  • Patients with endocrine or genetic disorders such as hypothyroidism, type 1 diabetes mellitus, or Cushing's syndrome
  • Patients with active infectious disease
  • Patients taking medications that may affect periodontal tissues
  • Patients who have recently taken antibiotics (within 4 months)
  • Patients with alcohol/drug use
  • Patients with psychological disorders
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  • Patients with eating disorders, dementia
  • Patients who are pregnant or breastfeeding
  • Patients with any food allergies
  • Patients who do not sign the informed consent form

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.

Oguz KOSE, Professor Dr. contact

+90 541 348 64 65

oguz.kose@erdogan.edu.tr

Turkey (Türkiye)1 site

  • Department of Periodontology of the Faculty of Dentistry of Recep Tayyip Erdogan University

    Rize, Rize Province, 53200

Other trials in Turkey (Türkiye)

About this study

Official title: Investigating the Relationship Between Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Caries and Periodontal Disease

The goal of this observational study is to examine the potential relationship between ultra-processed food consumption and the presence of dental caries and periodontal disease, and to evaluate the role of the Ultra-Processed Food Index (UPFI) in this association.

The main question it aims to answer is:

Read more

Does increased consumption of ultra-processed foods raise the risk or severity of dental caries and periodontal disease in individuals?

Participants will include individuals within a specified age range who voluntarily agree to participate in the study. Oral health status will be assessed through standard clinical parameters, including the presence of caries, plaque index, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment loss, and bleeding on probing. Dietary habits will be evaluated using a validated food frequency questionnaire, and individual UPFI scores will be calculated. The study will aim to observe and analyze the effects of ultra-processed food consumption on oral health outcomes.

Read the detailed description

This observational study will aim to investigate the association between ultra-processed food consumption and oral health outcomes, specifically focusing on dental caries and periodontal disease. Participants will include individuals within a defined age range who consent to take part in the study. Oral health status will be clinically assessed using standard parameters such as the presence of carious lesions, plaque index, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment loss, and bleeding on probing. Dietary intake will be evaluated using a validated food frequency questionnaire, and individual Ultra-Processed Food Index (UPFI) scores will be calculated. The study will analyze whether a higher intake of ultra-processed foods is associated with increased risk or severity of dental caries and periodontal disease. Findings from this study are expected to contribute to a better understanding of the impact of modern dietary patterns on oral health and highlight the importance of nutritional strategies in preventive dentistry.

Keywords
Ultra-Processed Food, tooth decay, periodontal disease, oral health
Medical subject headings
Dental Caries, Periodontal Diseases

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

Study groups in NCT07427095
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Adult patientsPatients aged between 18-65 will be randomly included.

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Ultra-Processed Food Index (UPFI)

    This index system is a quantitative indicator used to measure the proportion of ultra-processed foods in the diets of individuals or populations. It is expressed as a score system and shows how much of the total daily energy intake comes from ultra-processed foods. It is usually calculated from dietary data of an individual or group.

    Measured: Day 1

Secondary outcomes (14)

  1. Decayed Missing Filled Tooth (DMFT) Index

    D stands for decayed tooth

    Measured: Day 1

  2. Community Periodontal Index (CPI) Score

    The Community Periodontal Index (CPI) will be used to assess periodontal status. Gingival bleeding, calculus, and periodontal pocket depth will be assessed. Possible scores are as follows:

    0 - Healthy;

    1. - Bleeding after probing;
    2. - Calculus;
    3. - Pocket 4-5 mm;
    4. - Pocket 6 mm or greater. The highest CPI score for each sextant will be recorded from six tooth indices (16, 11, 26, 36, 31, and 46). Each tooth indices will be carefully measured using a mirror and a 0.5 mm ball-end WHO probe, applying a force of approximately 20 g.

    Measured: Day 1

  3. Age

    Age is a demographic variable representing the time elapsed since birth and is a fundamental determinant in the assessment of health outcomes.

    Measured: Day 1

  4. Waist Circumference

    Waist Circumference: The individual stands upright. A tape measure is taken horizontally at the narrowest point of the waist (usually between the bottom of the ribs and the top of the hipbone). It is expressed in cm.

    Measured: Day 1

  5. Gender

    Gender is a demographic variable referring to the biological classification of an individual as female or male.

    Measured: Day 1

  6. Weight satisfaction

    Weight satisfaction is a psychosocial indicator reflecting an individual's subjective level of satisfaction with their current body weight.

    Measured: Day 1

  7. Educational level

    Educational level is a sociodemographic indicator representing the highest level of formal education completed by an individual.

    Measured: Day 1

  8. Income level

    Income level is a socioeconomic indicator reflecting the economic status of an individual or household and influencing health behaviors and access to healthcare

    Measured: Day 1

  9. Smoking status

    Smoking status is a behavioral variable indicating the use of tobacco products and is a risk factor for numerous systemic and oral diseases.

    Measured: Day 1

  10. Toothbrushing frequency

    Toothbrushing frequency is an oral health behavior indicator representing how often an individual brushes their teeth on a daily or weekly basis to maintain oral hygiene.

    Measured: Day 1

  11. Decayed Missing Filled Tooth (DMFT) Index

    M refers to the number of teeth lost due to decay.

    Measured: Day 1

  12. Decayed Missing Filled Tooth (DMFT) Index

    F refers to the number of filled teeth.

    Measured: Day 1

  13. Height

    Height: a measure of vertical distance, vertical dimension, or vertical position.

    Measured: Day 1

  14. Weight

    Weight is the gravitational force exerted on an object.

    Measured: Day 1

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted23 Feb 2026
  2. Study start27 Apr 2026 (estimated)
  3. Primary completion7 Sep 2026 (estimated)
  4. Study completion26 Oct 2026 (estimated)

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Observational
Observational model
Case only
Time perspective
Cross-sectional
Enrolment
200 participants (estimated)
Target duration
1 Day
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT07427095
Sponsor's protocol ID
UPHOralHealth11/25
Status last verified
Feb 2026
First submitted
15 Feb 2026
Last updated
24 Feb 2026
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
No

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

An observational study of Ultra-processed Food, run by Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Training and Research Hospital at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 10 inclusion and 10 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: opening soon, as of the sponsor's last update on 24 Feb 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

Contact Oguz KOSE, Professor Dr. (+90 541 348 64 65, oguz.kose@erdogan.edu.tr), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Ultra-Processed Food Index (UPFI) (time frame: Day 1). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07427095.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 24 Feb 2026; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 7 Nov 2026.

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