Fibrostenotic Crohn's DiseasePhase 1NCT07428096
A Study of PALI-2108 in Healthy Volunteers, Patients With Ulcerative Colitis, and Patients With Fibrostenosing Crohn's Disease
A Phase 1 study testing PALI-2108 in people with Fibrostenotic Crohn's Disease, run by Palisade Bio at 1 site in Canada.
Trial summary
This is a Phase 1b, open-label, exploratory study designed to evaluate the pharmacodynamic effects of PALI-2108, a phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitor, in patients with fibrostenotic Crohn's disease (FSCD). Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 60 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Fibrostenotic Crohn's Disease
- What is being tested?
- PALI-2108
- Type of treatment
- Pill or oral medicine
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 6 participants
- Where
- 1 siteCanada
- Study dates
- 17 Oct 2025to 15 Mar 2026
- Phase
- Phase 1
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 60 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Provision of signed and dated informed consent form (ICF)
- Stated willingness to comply with all study procedures and availability for the duration of the study
- Aged at least 18 years but not older than 60 years
- Body mass index (BMI) within 18.5 kg/m2 to 30.0 kg/m2, inclusively
- Non- or ex-smoker
- Healthy adult male or female
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- Have no clinically significant (CS) diseases captured in the medical history or evidence of CS findings on the physical examination (including vital signs) and/or ECG, as determined by an Investigator
- Provision of signed and dated ICF
- Stated willingness to comply with all study procedures and availability for the duration of the study
- If male, meets one of the following criteria:
- Is able to procreate and agrees to use one of the accepted contraceptive regimens and not to donate sperm from the first study drug administration to at least 90 days after the last study drug administration. An acceptable method of contraception includes one of the following:
- Abstinence from heterosexual intercourse
- Male condom with spermicide or male condom with a vaginal spermicide Or
- Is unable to procreate; defined as surgically sterile
- If female, meets one of the following criteria:
- Is of childbearing potential and agrees to use an acceptable contraceptive method. Acceptable contraceptive methods include:
- Abstinence from heterosexual intercourse from 14 days prior to the Screening visit through to at least 30 days after the last dose of the study drug
- Use of 1 highly effective method in combination with 1 effective method of contraception.
- The following are examples of highly effective contraceptive methods, used from at least 28 days prior to the Screening visit through to at least 30 days after the last dose of the study drug:
- Systemic contraceptives (combined birth control pills, injectable/implant/insertable hormonal birth control products, or transdermal patch)
- Intrauterine device
- Male partner vasectomized at least 6 months prior to the Screening visit
- The following are examples of effective contraceptive methods, used from the Screening visit through to at least 30 days after the last dose of the study drug:
- Male condom with spermicide
- Female condom, or cervical cap, or diaphragm, each used with spermicide
- Contraceptive sponge
- Is of non-childbearing potential, defined as surgically sterile (i.e., has undergone complete hysterectomy, bilateral oophorectomy, or tubal ligation), or is in a postmenopausal state (ie, at least 1 year without messes and without an alternative medical condition prior to the Screening visit)
- Diagnosis of ileal or ileocolonic CD based on supporting guideline criteria established at least 3 months prior to Screening, i.e.:
- Clinically symptomatic fibrostenosing Crohn's disease, defined by ≥1 obstructive symptom attributable to the index ileal stricture within the prior 12 weeks and corroborated at Screening by the Stricturing Crohn's Disease patient-reported questionnaire (SPRO).
- Symptoms must be accompanied by an ileal stricture within reach of the endoscope.
- Screening IUS confirms the presence of at least 1 stricture in the terminal ileum or proximal colon, within reach of an endoscope (passable or non-passable). Strictures should be noncritical, naïve or anastomotic stricture(s), caused by CD and confirmed by endoscopy.
- Stable background therapy for CD and agree to maintain background therapy for the study duration.
- Patients may or may not experience stricture related symptoms, such as abdominal pain, during Screening
- Willingness to follow a stable diet during the study
Who cannot join
- Female who is lactating
- Female who is pregnant according to the pregnancy test at Screening or Day -1
- History of significant hypersensitivity to PALI-2108 or any other PDE-4 inhibitor (including excipients of the formulations) as well as severe hypersensitivity reactions (like angioedema) to any drugs
- Presence or history of significant gastrointestinal, liver or kidney disease, or surgery that may affect drug bioavailability or transit
- Presence of history of renal disease
- History of significant cardiovascular, pulmonary, hematologic, neurological, psychiatric, endocrine, immunologic, or dermatologic disease
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- An active infection or a recent history of serious infections 30 days prior to first study drug administration
- Presence of CS vital sign and/or ECG abnormalities (based on the average of triplicate ECG readings) at the Screening visit, as defined by medical judgment
- Major surgery in the 4 weeks prior to the first study drug administration
- Vaccination with any live vaccine within 4 weeks prior to study drug administration
- Maintenance therapy with any drug or significant history of drug dependency or alcohol abuse (> 3 units of alcohol per day, intake of excessive alcohol, acute or chronic)
- Any CS illness in the 28 days prior to the first study drug administration
- Use of St. John's wort in the 28 days prior to the first study drug administration
- Any history of tuberculosis
- Positive test result for alcohol and/or drugs of abuse at Screening or prior to the first study drug administration
- Positive Screening results to HIV antigen/antibody (Ag/Ab) combo, hepatitis B surface antigen, or hepatitis C virus tests
- Any other CS abnormalities in laboratory test results at Screening that would, in the opinion of an Investigator, increase the subject's risk of participation, jeopardize complete participation in the study, or compromise interpretation of study data
- Inclusion in a previous group for this clinical study
- Intake of PALI-2108 in the 28 days prior to the first study drug administration
- Intake of an investigational drug in the 28 days prior to the first study drug administration
- Donation of 50 mL or more of blood in the 28 days prior to the first study drug administration
- Donation of 500 mL or more of blood (Canadian Blood Services, Hema-Quebec, clinical studies, etc.) in the 56 days prior to the first study drug administration
- History or current diagnosis of UC, indeterminate colitis, ischemic colitis, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced colitis, idiopathic colitis (ie, colitis not consistent with CD), radiation colitis, microscopic colitis, colonic mucosal dysplasia, or untreated bile acid malabsorption.
- CD related complications (previous extensive small bowel resection, ileorectal anastomosis, proctocolectomy, short bowel syndrome, ileostomy [diverting or end], colostomy, small bowel stoma, ileoanal pouch, inactive fistulae in or adjacent to an ileal stricture, anal and perianal stricture, active intra-abdominal or perianal abscess that has not been appropriately treated, abscess in relation to the stricture, toxic megacolon, very severe inflammation, or presence of deep ulceration in the colon or terminal ileum).
- Ileitis not associated with CD (e.g., ileitis associated with infections, spondyloarthropathies, ischemia, etc.).
- Strictures that cannot be reached by ileocolonoscopy
- Severe FSCD based on symptoms, or unstable disease
- Expected to require hospitalization, endoscopic balloon dilation, surgical resection, or additional therapy during the study
- Receiving cyclosporine, tacrolimus, sirolimus, or mycophenolate mofetil within 8 weeks of screening or Janus kinase inhibitor therapy within 4 weeks of screening.
- Current or history of vasculitis, valvulopathy or large vessel disorder or major abnormalities documented by cardiac echocardiography with Doppler
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: A Phase 1, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics Study of PALI-2108 in Healthy Volunteers, With an Open-Label Study of a Patient Cohort With Ulcerative Colitis and a Phase 1b, Open-Label, Cohort in Patients With Fibrostenosing Crohn's Disease
This is a Phase 1b, open-label, exploratory study designed to evaluate the pharmacodynamic effects of PALI-2108, a phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitor, in patients with fibrostenotic Crohn's disease (FSCD). The study will assess molecular, cellular, and histologic changes in intestinal tissue and peripheral blood following short-term oral administration of PALI-2108.
Eligible participants with FSCD will undergo paired ileal pinch biopsies and peripheral blood collection at baseline and after 14 days of PALI-2108 treatment. The primary objective is to elucidate the mechanism of action of PALI-2108 in modulating inflammatory and fibrotic pathways relevant to FSCD pathobiology. Analyses will include single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) of intestinal biopsies and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of PBMCs to profile treatment-induced transcriptomic changes across immune and stromal cell populations.
The FSCD cohort is part of a larger, multi-part study that also includes a completed Phase 1a first-in-human portion in healthy volunteers and an ulcerative colitis (UC) cohort evaluating clinical and biomarker responses to PALI-2108 treatment.
Read the detailed description
This Phase 1b exploratory study will investigate the pharmacodynamic and mechanistic effects of short-term oral administration of PALI-2108, a selective phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitor, in patients with fibrostenotic Crohn's disease (FSCD). The FSCD cohort builds upon the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetic findings from the completed Phase 1a first-in-human study and complements the ongoing ulcerative colitis (UC) cohort that assesses clinical and biomarker responses to PALI-2108 in active disease.
Fibrostenotic Crohn's disease is characterized by chronic inflammation and progressive fibrosis of the intestinal wall leading to luminal narrowing, strictures, and obstructive symptoms. Current medical therapies inadequately address the fibrotic component of disease, underscoring the need for interventions targeting both immune and stromal pathways. PDE4 inhibition represents a validated anti-inflammatory approach with emerging evidence for modulation of profibrotic signaling.
In this study, patients with ileal or ileocolonic FSCD will receive PALI-2108 orally once daily for 14 days. Paired ileal pinch biopsies and peripheral blood samples will be collected at baseline (Day 1) and at the end of treatment (Day 14). The primary objective is to characterize molecular and cellular changes induced by PDE4 inhibition in intestinal and immune compartments.
Transcriptomic profiling will be performed using single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) on intestinal biopsies and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Analyses will evaluate treatment-associated changes in gene expression, cell-type composition, and pathway activation, with a focus on immune, epithelial, fibroblast, and myofibroblast populations implicated in FSCD pathology. Secondary and exploratory endpoints will include assessment of safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and biomarker correlations across tissue and blood compartments.
Data from this FSCD cohort are expected to provide mechanistic insights into the biological effects of PDE4 inhibition in fibrostenotic disease and to inform dose selection, biomarker strategies, and patient segmentation for subsequent clinical development programs of PALI-2108.
- Conditions
- Fibrostenotic Crohn's Disease
- Being tested
- PALI-2108
- Keywords
- Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitor, PDE4 Inhibition, Intestinal Fibrosis, Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), Ileal Stricture, Crohn's Disease, PALI-2108, Oral PDE4 Inhibitor
- Medical subject headings
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Crohn Disease
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
PALI-2108Drug
Oral PALI-2108 administered once daily for 14 days. Sentinel subjects titrate from 5 mg to 20 mg. Subsequent patients receive a target dose between 10-30 mg based on SRC review, following protocol-specified titration schedules. Dose reductions are permitted for safety. All doses are taken in the fed state.
PALI-2108 is an oral, gut-activated PDE4 inhibitor prodrug designed to release its active metabolite (PALI-0008) locally via bacterial β-glucuronidase. This targeted delivery limits systemic exposure and reduces CNS-related effects associated with systemic PDE4 inhibitors, providing localized anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic activity in intestinal tissue.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| FSCD Arm | Experimental | PALI-2108
All participants receive once-daily oral PALI-2108 for 14 days in the fed state. Two sentinel subjects receive a titrated regimen from 5 mg to 20 mg. After 7 days of sentinel dosing, the Safety Review Committee (SRC) reviews safety data and assigns the subsequent two patients to a target dose of 25 mg, with a predefined titration schedule. If the 25 mg dose is judged to be safe, all remaining subjects receive a target daily dose of 30 mg, also with a predefined titration scheme. Dose reductions may occur if safety profile is not judged adequate by SRC. Dosing is site-administered except on protocol-specified days when self-administration at home is permitted. Receives: Drug: PALI-2108 |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Safety and tolerability of PALI-2108 administered for 14 days.
Adverse events in FSCD patients receiving PALI-2108
Measured: 14 days
Safety and tolerability of PALI-2108
Incidence of clinically significant laboratory abnormalities
Measured: 14 Days
Safety and tolerability of PALI-2108
Incidence of clinically significant ECG findings
Measured: 14 Days
Safety and tolerability of PALI-2108
Incidence of clinically significant vital signs findings
Measured: 14 Days
Secondary outcomes (11)
Maximum Concentration (Cmax)
Maximum plasma concentrations of PALI-2108 and its metabolites (PALI-0008 and PALI-0708 ) following dosing with PALI-2108
Measured: Day 1
Concentration at 12 hours (C12)
Plasma concentrations of PALI-2108 and its metabolites (PALI-0008 and PALI-0708) at 12 hours following dosing with PALI-2108
Measured: Day 1
Time to Cmax (Tmax)
Time to reach maximum plasma concentrations of PALI-2108 and its metabolites (PALI-0008 and PALI-0708)
Measured: Day 1
Area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC0-24)
Area under the plasma concentration-time curve of PALI-2108 and its metabolites (PALI-0008 and PALI-0708) during the first 24 hours period after first dosing with PALI-2108
Measured: Day 1
Terminal half-life (t1/2)
Plasma elimination half-life of PALI-2108 and its metabolites (PALI-0008 and PALI-0708) after first dose of PALI-2108
Measured: Day 1 and Day 13
Trough plasma concentration (Ctrough)
Plasma concentration of PALI-2108 and its metabolites (PALI-0008 and PALI-070) measured in the morning, before PALI-2108 dosing
Measured: Day 2 through Day 14
Maximal concentration at steady state (Css)
Maximal plasma concentration of PALI-2108 and its metabolites (PALI-0008 and PALI-0708) measured at plasma drug steady state
Measured: Day 13
Area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC0-12)
Area under the plasma concentration-time curve of PALI-2108 and its metabolites (PALI-0008 and PALI-0708) during the first 12 hours period after dosing with PALI-2108
Measured: Day 13
Area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC0-8)
Area under the plasma concentration-time curve of PALI-2108 and its metabolites (PALI-0008 and PALI-0708) during the first 8 hours period after last dosing with PALI-2108
Measured: Day 14
Tissue concentration
Concentrations of of PALI-2108 and its metabolites (PALI-0008 and PALI-0708) in ileal, ascending and descending colonic tissue at plasma steady state.
Measured: Day 14
Tissue/plasma concentration ratio
Ratio between tissue and plasma concentrations of PALI-2108 and its metabolites (PALI-0008 and PALI-0708) in ileal, ascending and descending colonic tissue at plasma steady state.
Measured: Day 14
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted23 Feb 2026
- Study start17 Oct 2025
- Primary completion30 Jan 2026
- Study completion15 Mar 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Fibrostenotic Crohn's DiseaseStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 1
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Model description
- Study Type: Interventional (Clinical Trial) Phase: 1b Allocation: Non-Randomized Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment Masking: None (Open Label) Primary Purpose: Basic Science / Mechanistic Exploration
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 6 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Palisade Bio
- Sponsor type
- Industry (pharma, biotech, devices)
- Collaborators
- Altasciences Company Inc.
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07428096
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- PBI-2108-101 (FSCD)
- Status last verified
- Feb 2026
- First submitted
- 24 Nov 2025
- Last updated
- 23 Feb 2026
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No