Tobacco Abuse CigaretteHDDNNCT07429825
Effect of a Mobile-Based Anti-Smoking Nursing Intervention on Nursing Students (HDDN)
A study testing HDDN Mobile Application in people with Tobacco Abuse Cigarette, run by LÜTFİYE GÖKÇE at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
This clinical trial aims to understand whether a mobile-based anti-smoking nursing intervention can help nursing students change their smoking-related intentions, attitudes, and decision-making. The study focuses on nursing students who currently smoke. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 17 to 65 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Tobacco Abuse Cigarette
- What is being tested?
- HDDN Mobile Application
- Type of treatment
- Medical device
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 43 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 1 Sep 2024to 25 Aug 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 17 to 65 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Being an undergraduate student currently enrolled at Ege University Faculty of Nursing
- Volunteering to participate in the study and providing written informed consent
- Smoking one or more cigarettes per day
- Owning a smartphone with either iOS or Android operating system and having regular internet access
- Having no prior participation in any smoking cessation intervention study
Who cannot join
- Having previously participated in a smoking cessation intervention program or study
- Being a non-smoker
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Ege University Faculty of Nursing
Izmir, Bornova, 35100
About this study
Official title: The Effect of Mobile-Based Anti-Smoking Nursing Interventions on Smoking Intention, Attitude, and Decision-Making Balance of Nursing Students
This clinical trial aims to understand whether a mobile-based anti-smoking nursing intervention can help nursing students change their smoking-related intentions, attitudes, and decision-making. The study focuses on nursing students who currently smoke.
The main questions this study aims to answer are:
Read more
Does the mobile-based nursing intervention reduce nursing students' intention to smoke?
Does the intervention change students' attitudes toward smoking?
Does the intervention affect how students weigh the benefits and harms of smoking when making decisions?
Researchers will compare nursing students who receive the mobile-based anti-smoking nursing intervention with students who do not receive this intervention.
Participants will use a mobile application developed by nurses. Through the application, participants will receive structured nursing support related to smoking prevention. Participants will complete questionnaires about their smoking intentions, attitudes, and decision-making at different time points during the study.
Read the detailed description
This study is a randomized controlled clinical trial designed to evaluate the effect of a mobile-based anti-smoking nursing intervention on smoking intention, attitudes toward smoking, and smoking-related decision-making balance among nursing students.
Eligible participants consist of nursing students who currently smoke. Following baseline assessments, participants are randomly assigned to either the intervention group or the control group to ensure comparability between groups at the start of the study.
Participants in the intervention group receive a mobile-based anti-smoking nursing intervention developed within the framework of the nursing process. The intervention is delivered through a structured mobile application and provides planned nursing support aimed at increasing awareness, supporting behavior change, and strengthening smoking-related decision-making. The intervention content is delivered over a defined period and is designed to promote active engagement.
Participants in the control group do not receive the mobile-based nursing intervention and continue under usual conditions throughout the study period.
Data are collected at baseline and at predefined follow-up time points using validated scales and a structured questionnaire. Smoking intention is assessed using the Smoking Intention Questionnaire, attitudes toward smoking are measured with the Smoking Attitudes Scale, and smoking-related decision-making balance is evaluated using the Smoking Decision Balance Scale. Changes over time are analyzed by comparing outcomes between the intervention and control groups.
This study is conducted as part of a doctoral dissertation.
- Conditions
- Tobacco Abuse Cigarette
- Being tested
- HDDN Mobile Application
- Keywords
- Smoking, Nursing Students, Nursing Care, Public Health Nursing, Mobile Health, mHealth, Behavioral Intervention
- Medical subject headings
- Smoking
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
HDDN Mobile ApplicationDevice
The intervention is a mobile-based nursing intervention designed to prevent smoking and support positive health behavior change among nursing students. It is delivered through a smartphone application compatible with iOS and Android operating systems.
The intervention includes structured educational modules, motivational messages, and self-monitoring activities focused on smoking-related intention, attitudes, and decision-making balance. Participants receive reminder notifications twice daily during the intervention period. In addition, the application provides nurse-guided support through a messaging feature that allows participants to ask questions and receive guidance.
The content of the intervention is based on established behavior change theories and is standardized to ensure that all participants receive the same intervention
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention Group-Mobile-based nursing intervention delivered through the HDDN | Experimental | Participants receive a mobile-based nursing intervention delivered through the HDDN (Hemşire Destekli Dumansız Nefes) mobile application Receives: Device: HDDN Mobile Application |
| Control Group | No intervention | Participants assigned to the control group did not receive any intervention. They continued their usual activities without access to the mobile application or any additional nursing support. Smoking-related attitudes, intentions, and decision-making balance were assessed at baseline, 22 days after baseline, and one month after the first follow-up using self-report questionnaires administered online |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Smoking Intention
Measured using the Smoking Intention Questionnaire (SIQ). The questionnaire consists of 4 items assessing trying, craving, planning, and thinking. Each item is rated on a 5-point Likert scale (1-5). Total scores range from 4 to 20. Higher scores indicate stronger intention to smoke (worse outcome), whereas lower scores indicate weaker intention to smoke (better outcome).
Measured: Baseline (Pre-test), 22 days after baseline (1st Follow-up), and 1 month after the first follow-up (2nd Follow-up)
Attitudes toward smoking
Measured using the Attitudes Toward Smoking Scale. The scale consists of 45 items rated on a 6-point Likert scale (1-6). Total scores range from 45 to 270. Higher scores indicate more positive attitudes toward smoking (worse outcome), whereas lower scores indicate more negative attitudes toward smoking (better outcome).
Measured: Baseline (Pre-test), 22 days after baseline (1st Follow-up), and 1 month after the first follow-up (2nd Follow-up).
Smoking decision-making balance
Measured using the Smoking Decisional Balance Scale. The scale consists of 24 items rated on a 5-point Likert scale (1-5), including 11 items assessing perceived benefits of smoking (score range 11-55) and 13 items assessing perceived harms of smoking (score range 13-65). The decisional balance score is calculated by subtracting the perceived harms score from the perceived benefits score. Total scores range from -54 to +42. Positive scores indicate that perceived benefits outweigh harms (worse outcome), whereas negative scores indicate that perceived harms outweigh benefits (better outcome).
Measured: Baseline (Pre-test), 22 days after baseline (1st Follow-up), and 1 month after the first follow-up (2nd Follow-up).
Secondary outcomes (1)
Smoking Cessation Behavior.
Percentage of participants who reported "I no longer smoke" for at least 7 days during the 14-day mobile application intervention period, tracked via self-control diaries.
Measured: During the 14-day intervention period.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted24 Feb 2026
- Study start1 Sep 2024
- Primary completion25 Aug 2025
- Study completion25 Aug 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Tobacco Abuse CigaretteStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Participants are assigned to either an intervention group receiving a mobile-based nursing intervention or a control group receiving no intervention. Outcomes are assessed and compared between groups over time.
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 43 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- LÜTFİYE GÖKÇE
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey
- Responsible party
- Sponsor-investigator, LÜTFİYE GÖKÇE, Ege University
- Investigators
- Şafak Dağhan, PhD, Prof., Study director, Ege University Faculty of Nursing
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07429825
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- YOKTEZ-10755404
- Other IDs
- TUBITAK PROJECT NO:223S832
- Acronym
- HDDN
- Status last verified
- Feb 2026
- First submitted
- 7 Feb 2026
- Last updated
- 24 Feb 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: To protect the privacy of the participants and comply with the ethical approval conditions, individual participant data (IPD) will not be made publicly available. Study protocols and statistical analysis plans can be shared upon reasonable request to the corresponding author after the study results are published in a peer-reviewed journal.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 24 Feb 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effect of Mobile-Based Anti-Smoking Nursing Interventions on Smoking Intention, Attitude, and Decision-Making Balance of Nursing Students
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07429825
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- HDDN / YOKTEZ-10755404
- Conditions
- Tobacco Abuse Cigarette
- Keywords
- Smoking, Nursing Students, Nursing Care, Public Health Nursing, Mobile Health, mHealth, Behavioral Intervention
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 43 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- LÜTFİYE GÖKÇEUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey
- Study start
- 1 Sep 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 25 Aug 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 25 Aug 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 24 Feb 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This clinical trial aims to understand whether a mobile-based anti-smoking nursing intervention can help nursing students change their smoking-related intentions, attitudes, and decision-making. The study focuses on nursing students who currently smoke.
The main questions this study aims to answer are:
Does the mobile-based nursing intervention reduce nursing students' intention to smoke?
Does the intervention change students' attitudes toward smoking?
Does the intervention affect how students weigh the benefits and harms of smoking when making decisions?
Researchers will compare nursing students who receive the mobile-based anti-smoking nursing intervention with students who do not receive this intervention.
Participants will use a mobile application developed by nurses. Through the application, participants will receive structured nursing support related to smoking prevention. Participants will complete questionnaires about their smoking intentions, attitudes, and decision-making at different time points during the study.
Detailed description
This study is a randomized controlled clinical trial designed to evaluate the effect of a mobile-based anti-smoking nursing intervention on smoking intention, attitudes toward smoking, and smoking-related decision-making balance among nursing students.
Eligible participants consist of nursing students who currently smoke. Following baseline assessments, participants are randomly assigned to either the intervention group or the control group to ensure comparability between groups at the start of the study.
Participants in the intervention group receive a mobile-based anti-smoking nursing intervention developed within the framework of the nursing process. The intervention is delivered through a structured mobile application and provides planned nursing support aimed at increasing awareness, supporting behavior change, and strengthening smoking-related decision-making. The intervention content is delivered over a defined period and is designed to promote active engagement.
Participants in the control group do not receive the mobile-based nursing intervention and continue under usual conditions throughout the study period.
Data are collected at baseline and at predefined follow-up time points using validated scales and a structured questionnaire. Smoking intention is assessed using the Smoking Intention Questionnaire, attitudes toward smoking are measured with the Smoking Attitudes Scale, and smoking-related decision-making balance is evaluated using the Smoking Decision Balance Scale. Changes over time are analyzed by comparing outcomes between the intervention and control groups.
This study is conducted as part of a doctoral dissertation.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Participants are assigned to either an intervention group receiving a mobile-based nursing intervention or a control group receiving no intervention. Outcomes are assessed and compared between groups over time.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention Group-Mobile-based nursing intervention delivered through the HDDN | Experimental | Device: HDDN Mobile ApplicationParticipants receive a mobile-based nursing intervention delivered through the HDDN (Hemşire Destekli Dumansız Nefes) mobile application |
| Control Group | No intervention | –Participants assigned to the control group did not receive any intervention. They continued their usual activities without access to the mobile application or any additional nursing support. Smoking-related attitudes, intentions, and decision-making balance were assessed at baseline, 22 days after baseline, and one month after the first follow-up using self-report questionnaires administered online |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 17 to 65 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Being an undergraduate student currently enrolled at Ege University Faculty of Nursing
- Volunteering to participate in the study and providing written informed consent
- Smoking one or more cigarettes per day
- Owning a smartphone with either iOS or Android operating system and having regular internet access
- Having no prior participation in any smoking cessation intervention study
Key exclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Having previously participated in a smoking cessation intervention program or study
- Being a non-smoker
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| HDDN Mobile ApplicationThe intervention is a mobile-based nursing intervention designed to prevent smoking and support positive health behavior change among nursing students. It is delivered through a smartphone application compatible with iOS and Android operating systems. The intervention includes structured educational modules, motivational messages, and self-monitoring activities focused on smoking-related intention, attitudes, and decision-making balance. Participants receive reminder notifications twice daily during the intervention period. In addition, the application provides nurse-guided support through a messaging feature that allows participants to ask questions and receive guidance. The content of the intervention is based on established behavior change theories and is standardized to ensure that all participants receive the same intervention | Device | Intervention Group-Mobile-based nursing intervention delivered through the HDDN |
Primary outcome
Smoking Intention
Time frame: Baseline (Pre-test), 22 days after baseline (1st Follow-up), and 1 month after the first follow-up (2nd Follow-up)
Measured using the Smoking Intention Questionnaire (SIQ). The questionnaire consists of 4 items assessing trying, craving, planning, and thinking. Each item is rated on a 5-point Likert scale (1-5). Total scores range from 4 to 20. Higher scores indicate stronger intention to smoke (worse outcome), whereas lower scores indicate weaker intention to smoke (better outcome).
Attitudes toward smoking
Time frame: Baseline (Pre-test), 22 days after baseline (1st Follow-up), and 1 month after the first follow-up (2nd Follow-up).
Measured using the Attitudes Toward Smoking Scale. The scale consists of 45 items rated on a 6-point Likert scale (1-6). Total scores range from 45 to 270. Higher scores indicate more positive attitudes toward smoking (worse outcome), whereas lower scores indicate more negative attitudes toward smoking (better outcome).
Smoking decision-making balance
Time frame: Baseline (Pre-test), 22 days after baseline (1st Follow-up), and 1 month after the first follow-up (2nd Follow-up).
Measured using the Smoking Decisional Balance Scale. The scale consists of 24 items rated on a 5-point Likert scale (1-5), including 11 items assessing perceived benefits of smoking (score range 11-55) and 13 items assessing perceived harms of smoking (score range 13-65). The decisional balance score is calculated by subtracting the perceived harms score from the perceived benefits score. Total scores range from -54 to +42. Positive scores indicate that perceived benefits outweigh harms (worse outcome), whereas negative scores indicate that perceived harms outweigh benefits (better outcome).
1 secondary outcome
Smoking Cessation Behavior.
Time frame: During the 14-day intervention period.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 24 Feb 2026.
- Related InfoLink provided by the sponsor.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. To protect the privacy of the participants and comply with the ethical approval conditions, individual participant data (IPD) will not be made publicly available. Study protocols and statistical analysis plans can be shared upon reasonable request to the corresponding author after the study results are published in a peer-reviewed journal.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Şafak Dağhan, PhD, Prof. study director
Ege University Faculty of Nursing
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing HDDN Mobile Application in people with Tobacco Abuse Cigarette, run by LÜTFİYE GÖKÇE at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 2 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 24 Feb 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Smoking Intention (time frame: Baseline (Pre-test), 22 days after baseline (1st Follow-up), and 1 month after the first follow-up (2nd Follow-up)). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 24 Feb 2026.