Sacroiliac Joint DysfunctionNCT07438457
McKenzie and William Exercises in Patients With Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction
A study testing McKenzie Exercises, William Exercises and Conventional Physical Therapy in people with Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
The study was conducted to compare the effects of McKenzie Exercises with William exercises for pain, disability and quality of life in patients with sacroiliac joint pain Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 20 to 50 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction
- What is being tested?
- McKenzie Exercises, William Exercises and Conventional Physical Therapy
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 62 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- 1 Jun 2025to 30 Nov 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 20 to 50 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Both male and female age between 20 and 50 years
- Patients with sacroiliac joint pain(PSIS) typically present to the buttocks
- Pain on numeric pain rating scale ranges between 4-8
- Three out of five tests are positive according to Leslett's criteria from following tests; "distraction test", "FABER Test", Compression Test, "Thigh Thrust test","Gaenslen's test"
Who cannot join
- Patients with lumber stenosis and radiculopathy was excluded.
- Patient diagnosed of spondylolisthesis and ankylosing spondylitis was not included in the study.
- Pregnant and lactating females was excluded
- Rheumatoid arthritis, hip fractures.
- History of any prior orthopedic surgery.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Comparative Effects of Mckenzie and William Exercises on Pain, Disability and Quality of Life in Patients With Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction
The study was conducted to compare the effects of McKenzie Exercises with William exercises for pain, disability and quality of life in patients with sacroiliac joint pain
- Conditions
- Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction
- Being tested
- McKenzie Exercises, William Exercises, Conventional Physical Therapy
- Keywords
- Core stability, Disability, McKenzie exercises, Mulligan mobilization, William exercises
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
McKenzie ExercisesOther
Prone on Elbows: The patient was lie on their stomach with their elbows positioned under the shoulders, allowing them to rest on their forearms. This position hold for 15 seconds, with the patient instructed to take deep breaths and relax. This exercise repeated 10 times to enhance spinal extension and relieve pressure.
Prone Press-Ups: In this exercise, the patient was prone line and hands placed under shoulders. They gradually straighten their elbows, lifting the upper body within a pain-free range. Each press-up was held for 15 seconds and repeated 10 times, aiming to promote spinal extension and alleviate pain.
Extension in Standing: The patient was stand in a balanced position and lean backward as far as possible, allowing their head to tip back, then return to a neutral stance. This extension was held for 15 seconds and repeated 10 times, with the goal of improving lumbar mobility and centralizing pain.
Three sessions per week were continued for 8 weeks.
William ExercisesOther
William exercises was performed to strengthen up the abdominal and gluteal musculature in an effort to manage the sacroiliac joint pain. In this pelvic tilt exercise, Single knee to Chest exercise, Double knee to Chest exercises and hamstring stretching was performed 3 sets of each exercise with hold for 8 to 10 sec and 10 repetitions each set was performed for three times a week. This was continued for 8 weeks.
Conventional Physical TherapyOther
Mulligan Mobilization: For Mulligan mobilization, the patient assumed a prone position. A posterior-to-anterior glide was applied to the sacroiliac joint in three sets of 10 repetitions. The patient was instructed to extend the leg simultaneously with the glide, helping to realign the joint and reduce discomfort by promoting proper joint movement.
Hot Therapy: Heat therapy was administered to the lower back and sacroiliac joint (SIJ) area for 10 minutes to improve blood flow, reduce stiffness, and prepare tissues for further interventions.
Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS): TENS was applied as an analgesic modality. In the prone position, the patient underwent TENS therapy for 20 minutes at a frequency of 20-50 Hz. Two electrodes placed on the primary painful area, while the other two was be positioned along the path of the radiating nerve to help reduce pain and promote muscle relaxation.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| McKenzie Therapy | Experimental | Not described Receives: Other: McKenzie Exercises; Other: Conventional Physical Therapy |
| William Exercises | Active comparator | Not described Receives: Other: William Exercises; Other: Conventional Physical Therapy |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS)
NPRS is a simple tool which is used to assess intensity of pain. Patients have to rate their pain level on NPRS scale from 0 to 10. It provides a quick, quantifiable measure of pain, aiding healthcare providers in monitoring treatment efficacy and adjusting interventions accordingly.
Measured: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks.
Oswestry Disability Index (ODI)
ODI is a widely known as questionnaire designed to measure the level of disability in patients with lower back pain. Comprising 10 sections, each focusing on daily activities such as pain intensity, personal care, lifting, walking, sitting, standing, sleeping, social life, traveling, and employment, the ODI assesses the impact of pain on functional abilities. Each section is scored from 0 to 5, with higher scores indicating greater disability. Summing the scores provides a percentage-based measure of disability, ranging from minimal to severe. The ODI is instrumental in clinical practice for evaluating treatment effectiveness and monitoring patient progress over time.
Measured: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks.
Short form-36 for Quality of Life (SF-36)
SF-36 is a 36-question survey that looks at health-related quality of life in eight areas: physical functioning, role limitations due to physical and mental health, pain in the body, general health perceptions, vitality, social functioning, health. SF-36 is a common tool used in research and clinical settings to measure how diseases affect people, how treatments help people, and how well people are overall. It shows many different aspects of a patient's quality of life. Get a clear picture of both your physical and mental health by scoring each domain. This is useful for both initial tests and keeping an eye on changes in health over time.
Measured: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted27 Feb 2026
- Study start1 Jun 2025
- Primary completion30 Nov 2025
- Study completion30 Nov 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (6)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Sacroiliac Joint DysfunctionStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Riphah International UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 62 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Humera Mubashar, MS-OMPT, Principal investigator, Riphah International University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07438457
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- REC/RCR & AHS/24/01111
- Status last verified
- Feb 2026
- First submitted
- 23 Feb 2026
- Last updated
- 27 Feb 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Hides JA, Donelson R, Lee D, Prather H, Sahrmann SA, Hodges PW. Convergence and Divergence of Exercise-Based Approaches That Incorporate Motor Control for the Management of Low Back Pain. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2019 Jun;49(6):437-452. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2019.8451. Epub 2019 May 15.
PubMed 31092126Weerasekara I, Deam H, Bamborough N, Brown S, Donnelly J, Thorp N, Rivett DA. Effect of Mobilisation with Movement (MWM) on clinical outcomes in lateral ankle sprains: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Foot (Edinb). 2020 Jun;43:101657. doi: 10.1016/j.foot.2019.101657. Epub 2019 Nov 28.
PubMed 32247262Kim J, Kim S, Shim J, Kim H, Moon S, Lee N, Lee M, Jin E, Choi E. Effects of McKenzie exercise, Kinesio taping, and myofascial release on the forward head posture. J Phys Ther Sci. 2018 Aug;30(8):1103-1107. doi: 10.1589/jpts.30.1103. Epub 2018 Aug 7.
PubMed 30154609Alhakami AM, Davis S, Qasheesh M, Shaphe A, Chahal A. Effects of McKenzie and stabilization exercises in reducing pain intensity and functional disability in individuals with nonspecific chronic low back pain: a systematic review. J Phys Ther Sci. 2019 Jul;31(7):590-597. doi: 10.1589/jpts.31.590. Epub 2019 Jul 9.
PubMed 31417227Hennemann V, Ziegelmann PK, Marcolino MAZ, Duncan BB. The McKenzie Method delivered by credentialed therapists for chronic low back pain with directional preference: systematic review with meta-analysis. J Man Manip Ther. 2025 Apr;33(2):96-111. doi: 10.1080/10669817.2024.2408084. Epub 2024 Oct 9.
PubMed 39383118Yan H, Zhao P, Guo X, Zhou X. The effects of Core Stability Exercises and Mulligan's mobilization with movement techniques on sacroiliac joint dysfunction. Front Physiol. 2024 Apr 18;15:1337754. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1337754. eCollection 2024.
PubMed 38699145
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 27 Feb 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Comparative Effects of Mckenzie and William Exercises on Pain, Disability and Quality of Life in Patients With Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07438457
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- REC/RCR & AHS/24/01111
- Conditions
- Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction
- Keywords
- Core stability, Disability, McKenzie exercises, Mulligan mobilization, William exercises
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 62 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Jun 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 30 Nov 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 30 Nov 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 27 Feb 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The study was conducted to compare the effects of McKenzie Exercises with William exercises for pain, disability and quality of life in patients with sacroiliac joint pain
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| McKenzie Therapy | Experimental | Other: McKenzie Exercises, Other: Conventional Physical Therapy |
| William Exercises | Active comparator | Other: William Exercises, Other: Conventional Physical Therapy |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 20 to 50 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Both male and female age between 20 and 50 years
- Patients with sacroiliac joint pain(PSIS) typically present to the buttocks
- Pain on numeric pain rating scale ranges between 4-8
- Three out of five tests are positive according to Leslett's criteria from following tests; "distraction test", "FABER Test", Compression Test, "Thigh Thrust test","Gaenslen's test"
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Patients with lumber stenosis and radiculopathy was excluded.
- Patient diagnosed of spondylolisthesis and ankylosing spondylitis was not included in the study.
- Pregnant and lactating females was excluded
- Rheumatoid arthritis, hip fractures.
- History of any prior orthopedic surgery.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| McKenzie ExercisesProne on Elbows: The patient was lie on their stomach with their elbows positioned under the shoulders, allowing them to rest on their forearms. This position hold for 15 seconds, with the patient instructed to take deep breaths and relax. This exercise repeated 10 times to enhance spinal extension and relieve pressure. Prone Press-Ups: In this exercise, the patient was prone line and hands placed under shoulders. They gradually straighten their elbows, lifting the upper body within a pain-free range. Each press-up was held for 15 seconds and repeated 10 times, aiming to promote spinal extension and alleviate pain. Extension in Standing: The patient was stand in a balanced position and lean backward as far as possible, allowing their head to tip back, then return to a neutral stance. This extension was held for 15 seconds and repeated 10 times, with the goal of improving lumbar mobility and centralizing pain. Three sessions per week were continued for 8 weeks. | Other | McKenzie Therapy |
| William ExercisesWilliam exercises was performed to strengthen up the abdominal and gluteal musculature in an effort to manage the sacroiliac joint pain. In this pelvic tilt exercise, Single knee to Chest exercise, Double knee to Chest exercises and hamstring stretching was performed 3 sets of each exercise with hold for 8 to 10 sec and 10 repetitions each set was performed for three times a week. This was continued for 8 weeks. | Other | William Exercises |
| Conventional Physical TherapyMulligan Mobilization: For Mulligan mobilization, the patient assumed a prone position. A posterior-to-anterior glide was applied to the sacroiliac joint in three sets of 10 repetitions. The patient was instructed to extend the leg simultaneously with the glide, helping to realign the joint and reduce discomfort by promoting proper joint movement. Hot Therapy: Heat therapy was administered to the lower back and sacroiliac joint (SIJ) area for 10 minutes to improve blood flow, reduce stiffness, and prepare tissues for further interventions. Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS): TENS was applied as an analgesic modality. In the prone position, the patient underwent TENS therapy for 20 minutes at a frequency of 20-50 Hz. Two electrodes placed on the primary painful area, while the other two was be positioned along the path of the radiating nerve to help reduce pain and promote muscle relaxation. | Other | McKenzie Therapy, William Exercises |
Primary outcome
Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS)
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks.
NPRS is a simple tool which is used to assess intensity of pain. Patients have to rate their pain level on NPRS scale from 0 to 10. It provides a quick, quantifiable measure of pain, aiding healthcare providers in monitoring treatment efficacy and adjusting interventions accordingly.
Oswestry Disability Index (ODI)
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks.
ODI is a widely known as questionnaire designed to measure the level of disability in patients with lower back pain. Comprising 10 sections, each focusing on daily activities such as pain intensity, personal care, lifting, walking, sitting, standing, sleeping, social life, traveling, and employment, the ODI assesses the impact of pain on functional abilities. Each section is scored from 0 to 5, with higher scores indicating greater disability. Summing the scores provides a percentage-based measure of disability, ranging from minimal to severe. The ODI is instrumental in clinical practice for evaluating treatment effectiveness and monitoring patient progress over time.
Short form-36 for Quality of Life (SF-36)
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks.
SF-36 is a 36-question survey that looks at health-related quality of life in eight areas: physical functioning, role limitations due to physical and mental health, pain in the body, general health perceptions, vitality, social functioning, health. SF-36 is a common tool used in research and clinical settings to measure how diseases affect people, how treatments help people, and how well people are overall. It shows many different aspects of a patient's quality of life. Get a clear picture of both your physical and mental health by scoring each domain. This is useful for both initial tests and keeping an eye on changes in health over time.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 27 Feb 2026.
- Background: PubMed 31092126Hides JA, Donelson R, Lee D, Prather H, Sahrmann SA, Hodges PW. Convergence and Divergence of Exercise-Based Approaches That Incorporate Motor Control for the Management of Low Back Pain. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2019 Jun;49(6):437-452. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2019.8451. Epub 2019 May 15.
- Background: PubMed 32247262Weerasekara I, Deam H, Bamborough N, Brown S, Donnelly J, Thorp N, Rivett DA. Effect of Mobilisation with Movement (MWM) on clinical outcomes in lateral ankle sprains: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Foot (Edinb). 2020 Jun;43:101657. doi: 10.1016/j.foot.2019.101657. Epub 2019 Nov 28.
- Background: PubMed 30154609Kim J, Kim S, Shim J, Kim H, Moon S, Lee N, Lee M, Jin E, Choi E. Effects of McKenzie exercise, Kinesio taping, and myofascial release on the forward head posture. J Phys Ther Sci. 2018 Aug;30(8):1103-1107. doi: 10.1589/jpts.30.1103. Epub 2018 Aug 7.
- Background: PubMed 31417227Alhakami AM, Davis S, Qasheesh M, Shaphe A, Chahal A. Effects of McKenzie and stabilization exercises in reducing pain intensity and functional disability in individuals with nonspecific chronic low back pain: a systematic review. J Phys Ther Sci. 2019 Jul;31(7):590-597. doi: 10.1589/jpts.31.590. Epub 2019 Jul 9.
- Background: PubMed 39383118Hennemann V, Ziegelmann PK, Marcolino MAZ, Duncan BB. The McKenzie Method delivered by credentialed therapists for chronic low back pain with directional preference: systematic review with meta-analysis. J Man Manip Ther. 2025 Apr;33(2):96-111. doi: 10.1080/10669817.2024.2408084. Epub 2024 Oct 9.
- Background: PubMed 38699145Yan H, Zhao P, Guo X, Zhou X. The effects of Core Stability Exercises and Mulligan's mobilization with movement techniques on sacroiliac joint dysfunction. Front Physiol. 2024 Apr 18;15:1337754. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1337754. eCollection 2024.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Humera Mubashar, MS-OMPT principal investigator
Riphah International University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing McKenzie Exercises, William Exercises and Conventional Physical Therapy in people with Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 27 Feb 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) (time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks.). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07438457, which also lists 6 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 27 Feb 2026.