Sports Physical TherapyNCT07438574
Throwers Ten Exercise Program Versus Shoulder Strengthening Exercises on Performance in Overhead Throwing Athletes.
A study testing throwers ten Exercise program and shouler strengthening exercises:Ballistic six plyometric training in people with Sports Physical Therapy, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
Comparative effects of throwers ten exercise program versus shoulder strengthening exercises in overhead throwing athletes. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 24 years, men onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Sports Physical Therapy
- What is being tested?
- throwers ten Exercise program and shouler strengthening exercises:Ballistic six plyometric training
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 36 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- 18 Oct 2024to 19 Nov 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 24 years
- Men only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Male volleyball players ages18 to 30 years
- Participants have at least 1 year to 3 years of practice.
- Individuals who provided inform consent form were included
Who cannot join
- • Any previous injury or trauma to the shoulder girdle area.
- Individuals who have been diagnosed with any cardiovascular or metabolic diseases, such as hypertension or diabetes.
- Excluding individuals with pre-existing injuries or health conditions
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Comparative Effects of Throwers Ten Exercise Program Versus Shoulder Strengthening Exercises on Performance in Overhead Athletes.
Comparative effects of throwers ten exercise program versus shoulder strengthening exercises in overhead throwing athletes.
Read the detailed description
Comparative effects of throwers ten exercise program versus shoulder strengthening exercises on performance in overhead throwing athletes.
- Conditions
- Sports Physical Therapy
- Being tested
- throwers ten Exercise program, shouler strengthening exercises:Ballistic six plyometric training
- Keywords
- Throwers ten exercise, Shoulder strengthening, Overhead athletes, Injury prevention, Performance enhancement
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
throwers ten Exercise programOther
The Throwers Ten exercise program was given three times a week for 6 weeks. During the first two weeks, all open-chain exercises were performed using a red TheraBand. Progression was made by switching to a green TheraBand for the next 4 weeks. Closed-chain exercises were added in the final two weeks. All exercises were performed bilaterally in 3 sets of 8-10 repetitions, with a 30-second rest interval between each set.
shouler strengthening exercises:Ballistic six plyometric trainingOther
To reduce the deceleration phase and maximize the stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) training results, subjects were advised to perform ballistic exercises with maximum effort. Exercises consisted of 3 sets of 10-20 repetitions, with a 30-second rest between each set. The Ballistic Six exercises utilized a red TheraBand latex tube and fitness balls, with a 2-lb ball for single extremity training and a 6-lb ball for dual extremity training) (37).
Exercises:
- External rotation with latex tube.
- 2.90/90 external rotation with latex tube.
- 3.Overhead soccer throws using a 6-lb (2.7kg) fitness ball.
- 4.90/90 external rotation side-throw using a 2-lb (0.9kg) fitness ball.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Group A | Experimental | 18 participants will perform this exercise Receives: Other: throwers ten Exercise program |
| Group B | Experimental | 18 participants will perform this exercise for 6 weeks Receives: Other: shouler strengthening exercises:Ballistic six plyometric training |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Sitting Medicine Ball Throw Test
SMBTT was reliable with an ICC value of 0.98. The participants had to sit up erect against the wall on the ground. Their lower extremities were stretched, and a fitness ball weighing 2 kg was grasped at a 90-degree shoulder abduction with both limbs and the elbows flexed. The medicine ball was over-coated with gymnastic chalk after each throw to leave a clear mark on the floor. A measuring tape was mounted on the surface, reaching more than 10 meters. By throwing the exercise ball in a straight line, participants ensured maximum elbow-wall contact, with feet to back extended as long as possible. The medicine ball was thrown with arms spread out from the body to accommodate varying arm lengths. The angle connecting the wall and the closest point of the chalk mark was subtracted from the overall angle of the throw. Three tests were performed, with a 1-minute rest between each test
Measured: 6 weeks
Throwing Accuracy test
The execution of the overarm throwing motion depended on many constraints, with velocity and accuracy being two main performance characteristics. After a general warm-up of 5 minutes, which included free movements of both upper extremities, throwing accuracy was tested in an overarm throw towards a target at a seven-meter distance. The subjects performed the throw while standing, placing the front foot on a line marked on the floor. They were instructed to aim at a 0.5 x 0.5 meter square marked on the wall at a height of 1.65 meters from the floor, 7 meters away. This experimental model had been used by Van de Tiller (2003) in their study "Effect of body size and gender in overarm throwing performance." Procedural reliability had been established in this study prior to the test using a red tennis ball (weight 132 grams), which demonstrated good intrarater reliability (ICC = 0.842). The subjects attempted seven throws per test. The first two throws were not recorded and were used as pr
Measured: 6 weeks
1 Repetition Maximum
The participant was seated on a bench with back support.A barbell/dumbbells were held at shoulder level with elbows flexed.The participant pressed the weight overhead until the elbows were fully extended.Proper posture was maintained without trunk compensation.The load was progressively increased until the participant could lift the weight only once with correct form.A rest period of 60-90 seconds was provided between attempts.The maximum weight lifted successfully in one attempt was recorded as the 1-RM shoulder press strength.The test was performed for the dominant arm
Measured: 6 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted27 Feb 2026
- Study start18 Oct 2024
- Primary completion20 Oct 2025
- Study completion19 Nov 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Sports Physical TherapyStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Randomized Controlled Design
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 36 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Muhammad Atif Javed, Principal investigator, Riphah International University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07438574
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- REC/RCR &AHS/24/0498
- Status last verified
- Feb 2026
- First submitted
- 23 Feb 2026
- Last updated
- 27 Feb 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 27 Feb 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Comparative Effects of Throwers Ten Exercise Program Versus Shoulder Strengthening Exercises on Performance in Overhead Athletes.
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07438574
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- REC/RCR &AHS/24/0498
- Conditions
- Sports Physical Therapy
- Keywords
- Throwers ten exercise, Shoulder strengthening, Overhead athletes, Injury prevention, Performance enhancement
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 36 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 18 Oct 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 20 Oct 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 19 Nov 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 27 Feb 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Comparative effects of throwers ten exercise program versus shoulder strengthening exercises in overhead throwing athletes.
Detailed description
Comparative effects of throwers ten exercise program versus shoulder strengthening exercises on performance in overhead throwing athletes.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Randomized Controlled Design
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Group A | Experimental | Other: throwers ten Exercise program18 participants will perform this exercise |
| Group B | Experimental | Other: shouler strengthening exercises:Ballistic six plyometric training18 participants will perform this exercise for 6 weeks |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 24 years
- Sex
- Male only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Male volleyball players ages18 to 30 years
- Participants have at least 1 year to 3 years of practice.
- Individuals who provided inform consent form were included
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- • Any previous injury or trauma to the shoulder girdle area.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| throwers ten Exercise programThe Throwers Ten exercise program was given three times a week for 6 weeks. During the first two weeks, all open-chain exercises were performed using a red TheraBand. Progression was made by switching to a green TheraBand for the next 4 weeks. Closed-chain exercises were added in the final two weeks. All exercises were performed bilaterally in 3 sets of 8-10 repetitions, with a 30-second rest interval between each set. | Other | Group A |
| shouler strengthening exercises:Ballistic six plyometric trainingTo reduce the deceleration phase and maximize the stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) training results, subjects were advised to perform ballistic exercises with maximum effort. Exercises consisted of 3 sets of 10-20 repetitions, with a 30-second rest between each set. The Ballistic Six exercises utilized a red TheraBand latex tube and fitness balls, with a 2-lb ball for single extremity training and a 6-lb ball for dual extremity training) (37). Exercises: * External rotation with latex tube. * 2.90/90 external rotation with latex tube. * 3.Overhead soccer throws using a 6-lb (2.7kg) fitness ball. * 4.90/90 external rotation side-throw using a 2-lb (0.9kg) fitness ball. | Other | Group B |
Primary outcome
Sitting Medicine Ball Throw Test
Time frame: 6 weeks
SMBTT was reliable with an ICC value of 0.98. The participants had to sit up erect against the wall on the ground. Their lower extremities were stretched, and a fitness ball weighing 2 kg was grasped at a 90-degree shoulder abduction with both limbs and the elbows flexed. The medicine ball was over-coated with gymnastic chalk after each throw to leave a clear mark on the floor. A measuring tape was mounted on the surface, reaching more than 10 meters. By throwing the exercise ball in a straight line, participants ensured maximum elbow-wall contact, with feet to back extended as long as possible. The medicine ball was thrown with arms spread out from the body to accommodate varying arm lengths. The angle connecting the wall and the closest point of the chalk mark was subtracted from the overall angle of the throw. Three tests were performed, with a 1-minute rest between each test
Throwing Accuracy test
Time frame: 6 weeks
The execution of the overarm throwing motion depended on many constraints, with velocity and accuracy being two main performance characteristics. After a general warm-up of 5 minutes, which included free movements of both upper extremities, throwing accuracy was tested in an overarm throw towards a target at a seven-meter distance. The subjects performed the throw while standing, placing the front foot on a line marked on the floor. They were instructed to aim at a 0.5 x 0.5 meter square marked on the wall at a height of 1.65 meters from the floor, 7 meters away. This experimental model had been used by Van de Tiller (2003) in their study "Effect of body size and gender in overarm throwing performance." Procedural reliability had been established in this study prior to the test using a red tennis ball (weight 132 grams), which demonstrated good intrarater reliability (ICC = 0.842). The subjects attempted seven throws per test. The first two throws were not recorded and were used as pr
1 Repetition Maximum
Time frame: 6 weeks
The participant was seated on a bench with back support.A barbell/dumbbells were held at shoulder level with elbows flexed.The participant pressed the weight overhead until the elbows were fully extended.Proper posture was maintained without trunk compensation.The load was progressively increased until the participant could lift the weight only once with correct form.A rest period of 60-90 seconds was provided between attempts.The maximum weight lifted successfully in one attempt was recorded as the 1-RM shoulder press strength.The test was performed for the dominant arm
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 27 Feb 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Muhammad Atif Javed principal investigator
Riphah International University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing throwers ten Exercise program and shouler strengthening exercises:Ballistic six plyometric training in people with Sports Physical Therapy, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 27 Feb 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Sitting Medicine Ball Throw Test (time frame: 6 weeks). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 27 Feb 2026.