CoccydyniaNCT07438678
Maitland Mobilization and Lumbopelvic Coordination Exercises in Patients With Post Colonoscopy Coccydynia .
A study testing Standard physical therapy treatment and Maitland Mobilization and lumbopelvic coordination in people with Coccydynia, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
The study was conducted to determine the Combined effects of Maitland mobilization and lumbopelvic coordination exercise on pain, range of motion and quality of life in patients with post colonoscopy coccydynia. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 60 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Coccydynia
- What is being tested?
- Standard physical therapy treatment and Maitland Mobilization and lumbopelvic coordination
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 42 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- 3 Feb 2025to 11 Nov 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 60 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Males and Females between 18 to 60
- Diagnosed with post colonoscopy coccydynia
- Pain in the lower back and around coccyx area without palpation and radiation
- Pain level of 3 at the scale of 10
- No history of trauma to the coccyx
- Ability to participate in the study
Who cannot join
- Present of neurological disorders
- Any trauma or surgery
- Pregnancy
- Cyst or cancer in the pelvic region
- Diabetes mellitus
- Major ligament injuries in the pelvic region
- Any type of fractures
- Diagnosed psychological disorders
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Pakistan1 site
Ali Rehabilitation and Pain relieve center Multan
Multan Khurd, Punjab Province, 60810
About this study
Official title: Combined Effects of Maitland Mobilization and Lumbopelvic Coordination Exercises on Pain, Range of Motion and Quality of Life in Patients With Post Colonoscopy Coccydynia .
The study was conducted to determine the Combined effects of Maitland mobilization and lumbopelvic coordination exercise on pain, range of motion and quality of life in patients with post colonoscopy coccydynia.
- Conditions
- Coccydynia
- Being tested
- Standard physical therapy treatment, Maitland Mobilization and lumbopelvic coordination
- Keywords
- coccydynia, maitland mobilization, pain
- Medical subject headings
- Pain
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Standard physical therapy treatmentOther
group B was given hot pack for 10min to reduce pain and promote tissue relaxation followed by stretching of the superficial and coccygeal muscles around the pelvis and lower back performed 3 times for 30 sec each.
Maitland Mobilization and lumbopelvic coordinationOther
group A received maitland mobilization technique 3 times per week which aimed to reduce pain and improve overall mobility and function . Intervention involve streching the hip flexors muscles (ilipsoas, rectus femoris ,sartorius) performed as 2sets of 30seconds. strengthening exercises such as pelvic tilts and bridges were performed using 3 sets of 10 repetitions.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Maitland mobilization and lumbopelvic coordination exercises | Experimental | Not described Receives: Other: Maitland Mobilization and lumbopelvic coordination |
| Standard Physical Therapy | Active comparator | Not described Receives: Other: Standard physical therapy treatment |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
numeric pain scale
the scale was used to determine the patient level of pain . the range of this scale is from 0 to 10. no pain is represented by ''O"'and worst pain is represented by ''10''.
Measured: from enrollment to 4 sessions per week for total duration of 4 week
inclinometer
The range of motion will be measured using inclinometer that has an inter-rater reliability (ICC2,2 = 0.92 to 0.96) and in case of coccydynia, the range of motion will be assessed in the sacroiliac joint, lumbar spine and pelvic region
Measured: from enrollment to 4 sessions per week to total duration of 4 weeks.
SF 36 questionnaire
One of the most widely used tools for assessing health-related quality of life is the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). Physical functioning (10 items), physical role limitations (4 items),bodily pain (2 items), general health perceptions (5 items), energy/vitality (4 items), social functioning (2 items), and emotional role limitations (3 items) are the eight domains of health status that are measured by the 36-item SF-36 scale
Measured: from enrollement to 4 sessions per week for total duration of 4 weeks.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted27 Feb 2026
- Study start3 Feb 2025
- Primary completion3 Nov 2025
- Study completion11 Nov 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (11)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for CoccydyniaStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Riphah International UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 42 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- iqra ghafoor, Ph.D*, Principal investigator, Riphah International University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07438678
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- REC/RCR&AHS/24/01115
- Status last verified
- Feb 2026
- First submitted
- 23 Feb 2026
- Last updated
- 27 Feb 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Riaz H, Kazmi YA, Khaliq S, Ahmad MZ, Azfar H, Younas Z. Effectiveness of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy versus Maitland Mobilization on Pain and Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction. Heal J Physiother Rehabil Sci. 2025;5(2):50-5.
Yan H, Zhao P, Guo X, Zhou X. The effects of Core Stability Exercises and Mulligan's mobilization with movement techniques on sacroiliac joint dysfunction. Front Physiol. 2024 Apr 18;15:1337754. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1337754. eCollection 2024.
PubMed 38699145Sepiddar F, Barati AH, Yarahmadi Y. The effect of pelvic clock exercises on pain reduction and lumbopelvic proprioception in middle-aged women with chronic nonspecific low back pain (CNSLBP). J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2024 Apr;38:615-620. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2023.11.019. Epub 2023 Nov 17.
PubMed 38763616Tufekci O, Yilmaz K, Gercek H, Unuvar BS. The effectiveness of manipulation in combination with exercise for patients with coccydynia: Six months follow-up of a randomized controlled trial. Int J Osteopath Med. 2024; 51:100711.
Mosaad EH, Mohamed AY, Fawzy AA, Mohamed MH. The effect of adding kinesiotaping versus pelvic floor exercise to conventional therapy in the management of post-colonoscopy coccydynia: a single-blind randomized controlled trial. Afr Health Sci. 2023 Mar;23(1):575-583. doi: 10.4314/ahs.v23i1.60.
PubMed 37545928Zaidi F, Ahmed I. Effectiveness of muscle energy technique as compared to Maitland mobilisation for the treatment of chronic sacroiliac joint dysfunction. J Pak Med Assoc. 2020 Oct;70(10):1693-1697. doi: 10.5455/JPMA.43722.
PubMed 33159735Shojaei I, Salt EG, Bazrgari B. A prospective study of lumbo-pelvic coordination in patients with non-chronic low back pain. J Biomech. 2020 Mar 26;102:109306. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.07.050. Epub 2019 Aug 7.
PubMed 31427092Jabu NJ. "Effectiveness of specific lumbar stabilization Exercises for low back pain among postpartum Women". Bangladesh Health Professions Institute, Faculty of Medicine, the University …; 2019.
Kaur H, Sharma M, Hazari A. Effectiveness of Maitland mobilization and mulligan mobilization in sacroiliac joint dysfunction: a comparative study. Crit Rev Phys Rehabil Med. 2019;31(2).
Mohanty PP, Pattnaik M. Effect of stretching of piriformis and iliopsoas in coccydynia. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2017 Jul;21(3):743-746. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2017.03.024. Epub 2017 Mar 29.
PubMed 28750995Sidiq M, Ravichandran H, Janakiraman B, Chahal A, Rai RH, Alotaibi AH, Alotaibi AH, Alotaibi AS, Ibrahim AA, Alharbi EA, Kashoo FZ, Vats H. Effectiveness of physical therapy interventions for coccydynia: a systematic review with a narrative synthesis. Arch Physiother. 2025 Apr 25;15:77-89. doi: 10.33393/aop.2025.3233. eCollection 2025 Jan-Dec.
PubMed 40308532
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 27 Feb 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Combined Effects of Maitland Mobilization and Lumbopelvic Coordination Exercises on Pain, Range of Motion and Quality of Life in Patients With Post Colonoscopy Coccydynia .
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07438678
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- REC/RCR&AHS/24/01115
- Conditions
- Coccydynia
- Keywords
- coccydynia, maitland mobilization, pain
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 42 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 3 Feb 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 3 Nov 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 11 Nov 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 27 Feb 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The study was conducted to determine the Combined effects of Maitland mobilization and lumbopelvic coordination exercise on pain, range of motion and quality of life in patients with post colonoscopy coccydynia.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Maitland mobilization and lumbopelvic coordination exercises | Experimental | Other: Maitland Mobilization and lumbopelvic coordination |
| Standard Physical Therapy | Active comparator | Other: Standard physical therapy treatment |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 60 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Males and Females between 18 to 60
- Diagnosed with post colonoscopy coccydynia
- Pain in the lower back and around coccyx area without palpation and radiation
- Pain level of 3 at the scale of 10
- No history of trauma to the coccyx
Key exclusion criteria (8 listed)
- Present of neurological disorders
- Any trauma or surgery
- Pregnancy
- Cyst or cancer in the pelvic region
- Diabetes mellitus
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Standard physical therapy treatmentgroup B was given hot pack for 10min to reduce pain and promote tissue relaxation followed by stretching of the superficial and coccygeal muscles around the pelvis and lower back performed 3 times for 30 sec each. | Other | Standard Physical Therapy |
| Maitland Mobilization and lumbopelvic coordinationgroup A received maitland mobilization technique 3 times per week which aimed to reduce pain and improve overall mobility and function . Intervention involve streching the hip flexors muscles (ilipsoas, rectus femoris ,sartorius) performed as 2sets of 30seconds. strengthening exercises such as pelvic tilts and bridges were performed using 3 sets of 10 repetitions. | Other | Maitland mobilization and lumbopelvic coordination exercises |
Primary outcome
numeric pain scale
Time frame: from enrollment to 4 sessions per week for total duration of 4 week
the scale was used to determine the patient level of pain . the range of this scale is from 0 to 10. no pain is represented by ''O"'and worst pain is represented by ''10''.
inclinometer
Time frame: from enrollment to 4 sessions per week to total duration of 4 weeks.
The range of motion will be measured using inclinometer that has an inter-rater reliability (ICC2,2 = 0.92 to 0.96) and in case of coccydynia, the range of motion will be assessed in the sacroiliac joint, lumbar spine and pelvic region
SF 36 questionnaire
Time frame: from enrollement to 4 sessions per week for total duration of 4 weeks.
One of the most widely used tools for assessing health-related quality of life is the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). Physical functioning (10 items), physical role limitations (4 items),bodily pain (2 items), general health perceptions (5 items), energy/vitality (4 items), social functioning (2 items), and emotional role limitations (3 items) are the eight domains of health status that are measured by the 36-item SF-36 scale
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 27 Feb 2026.
- BackgroundRiaz H, Kazmi YA, Khaliq S, Ahmad MZ, Azfar H, Younas Z. Effectiveness of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy versus Maitland Mobilization on Pain and Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction. Heal J Physiother Rehabil Sci. 2025;5(2):50-5.
- Background: PubMed 38699145Yan H, Zhao P, Guo X, Zhou X. The effects of Core Stability Exercises and Mulligan's mobilization with movement techniques on sacroiliac joint dysfunction. Front Physiol. 2024 Apr 18;15:1337754. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1337754. eCollection 2024.
- Background: PubMed 38763616Sepiddar F, Barati AH, Yarahmadi Y. The effect of pelvic clock exercises on pain reduction and lumbopelvic proprioception in middle-aged women with chronic nonspecific low back pain (CNSLBP). J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2024 Apr;38:615-620. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2023.11.019. Epub 2023 Nov 17.
- BackgroundTufekci O, Yilmaz K, Gercek H, Unuvar BS. The effectiveness of manipulation in combination with exercise for patients with coccydynia: Six months follow-up of a randomized controlled trial. Int J Osteopath Med. 2024; 51:100711.
- Background: PubMed 37545928Mosaad EH, Mohamed AY, Fawzy AA, Mohamed MH. The effect of adding kinesiotaping versus pelvic floor exercise to conventional therapy in the management of post-colonoscopy coccydynia: a single-blind randomized controlled trial. Afr Health Sci. 2023 Mar;23(1):575-583. doi: 10.4314/ahs.v23i1.60.
- Background: PubMed 33159735Zaidi F, Ahmed I. Effectiveness of muscle energy technique as compared to Maitland mobilisation for the treatment of chronic sacroiliac joint dysfunction. J Pak Med Assoc. 2020 Oct;70(10):1693-1697. doi: 10.5455/JPMA.43722.
- Background: PubMed 31427092Shojaei I, Salt EG, Bazrgari B. A prospective study of lumbo-pelvic coordination in patients with non-chronic low back pain. J Biomech. 2020 Mar 26;102:109306. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.07.050. Epub 2019 Aug 7.
- BackgroundJabu NJ. "Effectiveness of specific lumbar stabilization Exercises for low back pain among postpartum Women". Bangladesh Health Professions Institute, Faculty of Medicine, the University …; 2019.
- BackgroundKaur H, Sharma M, Hazari A. Effectiveness of Maitland mobilization and mulligan mobilization in sacroiliac joint dysfunction: a comparative study. Crit Rev Phys Rehabil Med. 2019;31(2).
- Background: PubMed 28750995Mohanty PP, Pattnaik M. Effect of stretching of piriformis and iliopsoas in coccydynia. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2017 Jul;21(3):743-746. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2017.03.024. Epub 2017 Mar 29.
- Background: PubMed 40308532Sidiq M, Ravichandran H, Janakiraman B, Chahal A, Rai RH, Alotaibi AH, Alotaibi AH, Alotaibi AS, Ibrahim AA, Alharbi EA, Kashoo FZ, Vats H. Effectiveness of physical therapy interventions for coccydynia: a systematic review with a narrative synthesis. Arch Physiother. 2025 Apr 25;15:77-89. doi: 10.33393/aop.2025.3233. eCollection 2025 Jan-Dec.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
iqra ghafoor, Ph.D* principal investigator
Riphah International University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Standard physical therapy treatment and Maitland Mobilization and lumbopelvic coordination in people with Coccydynia, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 6 inclusion and 8 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 27 Feb 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
numeric pain scale (time frame: from enrollment to 4 sessions per week for total duration of 4 week). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07438678, which also lists 11 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 27 Feb 2026.