Disaster PlanningKAEPacityNCT07440329
The KAEPacity Study Analyzes Hospital Emergency and Disaster Plans From Hospitals Across Germany to Evaluate How Well Hospitals Are Prepared for Crises and Disasters Organizational Structures Communication Leadership Training Are Examined Within These Plans No Medical Intervention is Performed
An observational study of Disaster Planning and Emergency Medical Services, run by Lea Kölsch at 1 site in Germany.
Trial summary
Hospital Emergency and Disaster Plans (Krankenhausalarm- und Einsatzplan-KAEP) are a central component of hospital preparedness in Germany. Despite national and international recommendations, considerable variability exists in structure, responsibilities, communication pathways, and training concepts across hospitals. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Any age
- Conditions the study is for
- Disaster Planning, Emergency Medical Services, Germany
- How many people
- 319 participants
- Where
- 1 siteGermany
- Study dates
- 9 Mar 2026to 30 Dec 2026
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages Any age
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Study population: Hospitals in Germany with an existing documented Hospital Emergency and Disaster Plan (KAEP).
Who may be able to join
- German hospitals with a documented KAEP Institutional consent to provide KAEP documents for analysis
Who cannot join
- Hospitals declining participation Specialized facilities without emergency or acute care services (e.g., rehabilitation clinics)
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Lea Kölsch contact
Germany1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Stabsstelle Krisen- und Katastrophenmanagement
Heidelberg, 69120
Maik von der Forst, Dr. med., +49 6221-5632939, maik.forst@med.uni-heidelberg.de
About this study
Official title: KAEPacity - Eine Vergleichende Analyse Der Krankenhausalarm- Und Einsatzpläne (KAEP) Deutscher Krankenhäuser
Hospital Emergency and Disaster Plans (Krankenhausalarm- und Einsatzplan-KAEP) are a central component of hospital preparedness in Germany. Despite national and international recommendations, considerable variability exists in structure, responsibilities, communication pathways, and training concepts across hospitals. This study aims to systematically analyze and compare KAEP documents from German hospitals using a structured qualitative and quantitative document analysis. The goal is to identify strengths, deficits, institutional influencing factors, and best-practice elements to support evidence-based improvements and harmonization of hospital emergency planning.
Read the detailed description
KAEPacity is an observational, mixed-methods, descriptive-comparative document analysis of Hospital Emergency and Disaster Plans (Krankenhausalarm- und -einsatzpläne; KAEP) from hospitals in Germany. The aim is to characterize and compare how hospitals operationalize preparedness for exceptional events (e.g., mass casualty incidents, technical failures, security incidents, pandemics) through their written emergency planning documents, and to derive evidence-informed recommendations for quality improvement and harmonization.
Participating hospitals provide their current KAEP documents (and, if available, related materials such as exercise plans, training concepts, evaluation reports, and "lessons learned" documentation). All received documents are stored in a secure institutional environment and processed confidentially. Prior to analysis, documents are pseudonymized: identifying information about hospitals and individuals is removed as far as feasible, and each hospital is assigned a study code (e.g., KH01). Hospital-level characteristics relevant for comparative analyses (e.g., care level, size category, ownership/management type, region) are recorded in a separate, access-restricted key file and used only for aggregated comparisons.
The analysis is conducted using a structured criteria framework derived from national guidance (including the BBK KAEP handbook) and international recommendations (including the WHO Hospital Emergency Response Checklist), complemented by findings from current hospital preparedness and disaster medicine literature. The framework covers core preparedness domains such as: plan structure and governance, leadership and command arrangements, alerting and activation processes, triage concepts and patient flow organization, internal and external communication pathways, defined hazard scenarios and functional annexes, and training, exercises, evaluation, and plan maintenance.
Qualitative analysis follows a deductive-inductive content analytic approach: an initial codebook is developed from guidelines and established models, and then iteratively refined by adding inductive subcategories when additional recurring themes or organizational patterns emerge from the material. In addition to explicit content, the analysis considers aspects such as role logic, implied assumptions, handling of uncertainty, and indications of preparedness culture as reflected in the documents' structure and language.
To support comparability across hospitals, selected structural and process features are additionally rated on an ordinal 0-5 scale (0 = not present; 1 = insufficient; 2 = partially present; 3 = adequate; 4 = well developed; 5 = fully operationalized). This allows descriptive summaries and stratified comparisons across hospital categories without identifying individual institutions. Where feasible, interrater reliability procedures are implemented (e.g., double-coding of a subset and consensus review) to increase the robustness of coding and ratings.
The study does not involve patient recruitment, clinical interventions, or collection of personal health data. Results will be reported exclusively in aggregated form to prevent identification of individual hospitals. The primary intent is to generate an evidence base on current KAEP practice in Germany and to highlight best-practice elements and development needs that can inform future preparedness guidance, training, and quality assurance initiatives.
- Conditions
- Disaster Planning, Emergency Medical Services, Germany
- Keywords
- hospital preparedness, Disaster Preparedness, Healthcare Resilience, Crisis Management
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Maturity of Hospital Emergency Plans
Overall maturity of hospital emergency and disaster plans assessed using a predefined composite score. The score is calculated by aggregating four predefined domains (structure, operational processes, communication, training/exercises) each rated on a standardized 0-5 ordinal scale. Domain scores are summed to generate a single overall maturity score per hospital.
Measured: Baseline
Derivation of Practice-Oriented Recommendations
Identification of strengths, weaknesses, and improvement potential across hospitals.
Measured: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Secondary outcomes (4)
Institutional Influencing Factors
Association between KAEP quality and hospital characteristics (care level, size, ownership, region).
Measured: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Training and Exercise Practices
Frequency, documentation, and evaluation mechanisms related to KAEP exercises.
Measured: Baseline
Best-Practice Elements
Identification of recurring high-quality structural or procedural elements.
Measured: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Use of Digital or AI-Supported Components
Exploratory assessment of digital tools referenced in KAEP documents.
Measured: Baseline
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted27 Feb 2026
- Study start9 Mar 2026
- Primary completion30 Jul 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion30 Dec 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (19)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Disaster PlanningStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Other
- Time perspective
- Retrospective
- Enrolment
- 319 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Lea Kölsch
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- University Hospital Heidelberg, Prof. Erik Popp - Head, Department of Crisis and Disaster Management, Prof. Markus Ries - Head of Research, Department of Crisis and Disaster Management, Hanne Schäfer - Head of Operational KAEP, Department of Crisis and Disaster Management, PD Dr. med. Fabian Weykamp - Senior Physician, Department of Radiotherapy, Dr. med. Maik von der Forst - Deputy Head, Department of Crisis and Disaster Management
- Responsible party
- Sponsor-investigator, Lea Kölsch, Heidelberg University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07440329
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- S-672/2025
- Acronym
- KAEPacity
- Status last verified
- Mar 2026
- First submitted
- 28 Jan 2026
- Last updated
- 11 Mar 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: Only aggregated, anonymized results will be published. No individual hospital data will be shared.
Publications
Mayring, P. (2014). Qualitative content analysis: theoretical foundation, basic procedures and software solution. Social Science Open Access Repository (GESIS - Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences), 143. http://www.ssoar.info/ssoar/handle/document/39517
Wurmb T, Kurz S, Schwarzmann G, Trautner H, Kinstle U, Wagenhauser U, Koch F, Munch M, Meybohm P, Kippnich M. Application of quality indicators and critical lessons learned assessment as a research approach for the evaluation of rescue missions during terrorist attacks. Sci Rep. 2024 Oct 23;14(1):25087. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-76267-3.
PubMed 39443574Was sind Kritische Infrastrukturen? (n.d.). Bundesamt Für Sicherheit in Der Informationstechnik. Retrieved November 20, 2025, from https://www.bsi.bund.de/dok/kritis-allgemein
Walcher, F., Ramshorn-Zimmer, A., Janssens, U., Hoffmann, F., Werdehausen, R., & Wurmb, T. (2025). 10 Punkte zur Verbesserung der Notfall- und Katastrophenversorgung im deutschen Gesundheitswesen. Notarzt, 41(02), 76-79. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2549-8964
von der Forst M, Popp E, Weigand MA, Neuhaus C. [Special emergency situations and hazard control in German hospitals-A survey on the current state]. Anaesthesiologie. 2023 Nov;72(11):784-790. doi: 10.1007/s00101-023-01349-2. Epub 2023 Oct 19. German.
PubMed 37855945Von Der Forst, M., Germann, B. J., Schaefer, H., Salg, G. A., Weigand, M. A., Schmitt, F. C., Dietrich, M., Mohr, S., Küllenberg, J., Ries, M., & Popp, E. (2025). Impact of a full-scale mass casualty exercise on hospital staff and implications for future preparedness - A pre-post study. Progress in Disaster Science, 28, 100478. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100478
von der Forst M, Dietrich M, Schmitt FCF, Popp E, Ries M. Perennial disaster patterns in Central Europe since 2000 and implications for hospital preparedness planning - a cross-sectional analysis. Sci Rep. 2025 Jan 3;15(1):620. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-84223-4.
PubMed 39753701Speicher C, Wurmb T, Schwarzmann G, Zech C, Jansen H, Weismann D, Anger F, Paul M, Munch A, Ohr M, Meybohm P, Kippnich M. [Evaluation of the hospital emergency plan based on an exercise for a mass casualty incident]. Anaesthesiologie. 2024 Dec;73(12):810-818. doi: 10.1007/s00101-024-01475-5. Epub 2024 Oct 21. German.
PubMed 39433661Sorensen, B. S., Zane, R. D., Wante, B. E., Rao, M. B., Bortolin, M., Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Humanitarian Initiative, Harvard Medical School, Rockenschaub, G., & WHO Regional Office for Europe. (2011). Hospital emergency response checklist. In Hospital emergency response checklist (p. 6). https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/documents/publications/hospital-emergency-response-checklist.pdf
Schulz M, Oestmann JW, Schutz T. [Resilience of German clinics in amok and terrorist situations : Results of an online-based survey in German emergency departments]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2023 Oct;66(10):1146-1152. doi: 10.1007/s00103-023-03752-x. Epub 2023 Aug 21. German.
PubMed 37603134Schorscher N, Kippnich M, Meybohm P, Wurmb T. Lessons learned from terror attacks: thematic priorities and development since 2001-results from a systematic review. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2022 Aug;48(4):2613-2638. doi: 10.1007/s00068-021-01858-y. Epub 2022 Jan 13.
PubMed 35024874Rohde, A., Schmidbauer, W., Didion, N., Ritter, D., Demare, T., & Jänig, C. (2024). Medizinische Herausforderungen in der Starkregenkatastrophe im Ahrtal 2021. Notfall + Rettungsmedizin, 28(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10049-024-01428-w
Ramshorn-Zimmer, A., Wurmb, T., Walcher, F., Werdehausen, R., Grashey, R., Drewitz, K., & Brod, T. (2025). Status quo der Krankenhausalarm- und -einsatzplanung in Deutschland. Notfall + Rettungsmedizin, 28(5), 344-351. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10049-025-01578-5
Künstliche Intelligenz im Krankenhaus - Fraunhofer IAIS. (n.d.). Fraunhofer-Institut Für Intelligente Analyse- Und Informationssysteme IAIS. https://www.iais.fraunhofer.de/de/publikationen/studien/2020/lotte.html
Imach S, Lefering R, Kolbel B, Wolf M, Hackenberg L, Bieler D. [Utilization of registers to create an evidence-based approach in catastrophes and civil defence]. Unfallchirurgie (Heidelb). 2024 Dec;127(12):855-860. doi: 10.1007/s00113-024-01487-1. Epub 2024 Oct 11. German.
PubMed 39392474
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 11 Mar 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- KAEPacity - Eine Vergleichende Analyse Der Krankenhausalarm- Und Einsatzpläne (KAEP) Deutscher Krankenhäuser
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07440329
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- KAEPacity / S-672/2025
- Conditions
- Disaster Planning, Emergency Medical Services, Germany
- Keywords
- hospital preparedness, Disaster Preparedness, Healthcare Resilience, Crisis Management
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 319 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Lea KölschUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- University Hospital Heidelberg, Prof. Erik Popp - Head, Department of Crisis and Disaster Management, Prof. Markus Ries - Head of Research, Department of Crisis and Disaster Management, Hanne Schäfer - Head of Operational KAEP, Department of Crisis and Disaster Management, PD Dr. med. Fabian Weykamp - Senior Physician, Department of Radiotherapy, Dr. med. Maik von der Forst - Deputy Head, Department of Crisis and Disaster Management
- Study start
- 9 Mar 2026 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 30 Jul 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 30 Dec 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 27 Feb 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Hospital Emergency and Disaster Plans (Krankenhausalarm- und Einsatzplan-KAEP) are a central component of hospital preparedness in Germany. Despite national and international recommendations, considerable variability exists in structure, responsibilities, communication pathways, and training concepts across hospitals. This study aims to systematically analyze and compare KAEP documents from German hospitals using a structured qualitative and quantitative document analysis. The goal is to identify strengths, deficits, institutional influencing factors, and best-practice elements to support evidence-based improvements and harmonization of hospital emergency planning.
Detailed description
KAEPacity is an observational, mixed-methods, descriptive-comparative document analysis of Hospital Emergency and Disaster Plans (Krankenhausalarm- und -einsatzpläne; KAEP) from hospitals in Germany. The aim is to characterize and compare how hospitals operationalize preparedness for exceptional events (e.g., mass casualty incidents, technical failures, security incidents, pandemics) through their written emergency planning documents, and to derive evidence-informed recommendations for quality improvement and harmonization.
Participating hospitals provide their current KAEP documents (and, if available, related materials such as exercise plans, training concepts, evaluation reports, and "lessons learned" documentation). All received documents are stored in a secure institutional environment and processed confidentially. Prior to analysis, documents are pseudonymized: identifying information about hospitals and individuals is removed as far as feasible, and each hospital is assigned a study code (e.g., KH01). Hospital-level characteristics relevant for comparative analyses (e.g., care level, size category, ownership/management type, region) are recorded in a separate, access-restricted key file and used only for aggregated comparisons.
The analysis is conducted using a structured criteria framework derived from national guidance (including the BBK KAEP handbook) and international recommendations (including the WHO Hospital Emergency Response Checklist), complemented by findings from current hospital preparedness and disaster medicine literature. The framework covers core preparedness domains such as: plan structure and governance, leadership and command arrangements, alerting and activation processes, triage concepts and patient flow organization, internal and external communication pathways, defined hazard scenarios and functional annexes, and training, exercises, evaluation, and plan maintenance.
Qualitative analysis follows a deductive-inductive content analytic approach: an initial codebook is developed from guidelines and established models, and then iteratively refined by adding inductive subcategories when additional recurring themes or organizational patterns emerge from the material. In addition to explicit content, the analysis considers aspects such as role logic, implied assumptions, handling of uncertainty, and indications of preparedness culture as reflected in the documents' structure and language.
To support comparability across hospitals, selected structural and process features are additionally rated on an ordinal 0-5 scale (0 = not present; 1 = insufficient; 2 = partially present; 3 = adequate; 4 = well developed; 5 = fully operationalized). This allows descriptive summaries and stratified comparisons across hospital categories without identifying individual institutions. Where feasible, interrater reliability procedures are implemented (e.g., double-coding of a subset and consensus review) to increase the robustness of coding and ratings.
The study does not involve patient recruitment, clinical interventions, or collection of personal health data. Results will be reported exclusively in aggregated form to prevent identification of individual hospitals. The primary intent is to generate an evidence base on current KAEP practice in Germany and to highlight best-practice elements and development needs that can inform future preparedness guidance, training, and quality assurance initiatives.
Study design
- Observational model
- Other
- Time perspective
- Retrospective
Who may qualify
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- Hospitals in Germany with an existing documented Hospital Emergency and Disaster Plan (KAEP).
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- German hospitals with a documented KAEP Institutional consent to provide KAEP documents for analysis
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Hospitals declining participation Specialized facilities without emergency or acute care services (e.g., rehabilitation clinics)
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Primary outcome
Maturity of Hospital Emergency Plans
Time frame: Baseline
Overall maturity of hospital emergency and disaster plans assessed using a predefined composite score. The score is calculated by aggregating four predefined domains (structure, operational processes, communication, training/exercises) each rated on a standardized 0-5 ordinal scale. Domain scores are summed to generate a single overall maturity score per hospital.
Derivation of Practice-Oriented Recommendations
Time frame: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Identification of strengths, weaknesses, and improvement potential across hospitals.
4 secondary outcomes
Institutional Influencing Factors
Time frame: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Training and Exercise Practices
Time frame: Baseline
Best-Practice Elements
Time frame: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Use of Digital or AI-Supported Components
Time frame: Baseline
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 11 Mar 2026.
- BackgroundMayring, P. (2014). Qualitative content analysis: theoretical foundation, basic procedures and software solution. Social Science Open Access Repository (GESIS - Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences), 143. http://www.ssoar.info/ssoar/handle/document/39517
- Results publication: PubMed 39443574Wurmb T, Kurz S, Schwarzmann G, Trautner H, Kinstle U, Wagenhauser U, Koch F, Munch M, Meybohm P, Kippnich M. Application of quality indicators and critical lessons learned assessment as a research approach for the evaluation of rescue missions during terrorist attacks. Sci Rep. 2024 Oct 23;14(1):25087. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-76267-3.
- Results publicationWas sind Kritische Infrastrukturen? (n.d.). Bundesamt Für Sicherheit in Der Informationstechnik. Retrieved November 20, 2025, from https://www.bsi.bund.de/dok/kritis-allgemein
- Results publicationWalcher, F., Ramshorn-Zimmer, A., Janssens, U., Hoffmann, F., Werdehausen, R., & Wurmb, T. (2025). 10 Punkte zur Verbesserung der Notfall- und Katastrophenversorgung im deutschen Gesundheitswesen. Notarzt, 41(02), 76-79. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2549-8964
- Results publication: PubMed 37855945von der Forst M, Popp E, Weigand MA, Neuhaus C. [Special emergency situations and hazard control in German hospitals-A survey on the current state]. Anaesthesiologie. 2023 Nov;72(11):784-790. doi: 10.1007/s00101-023-01349-2. Epub 2023 Oct 19. German.
- Results publicationVon Der Forst, M., Germann, B. J., Schaefer, H., Salg, G. A., Weigand, M. A., Schmitt, F. C., Dietrich, M., Mohr, S., Küllenberg, J., Ries, M., & Popp, E. (2025). Impact of a full-scale mass casualty exercise on hospital staff and implications for future preparedness - A pre-post study. Progress in Disaster Science, 28, 100478. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100478
- Results publication: PubMed 39753701von der Forst M, Dietrich M, Schmitt FCF, Popp E, Ries M. Perennial disaster patterns in Central Europe since 2000 and implications for hospital preparedness planning - a cross-sectional analysis. Sci Rep. 2025 Jan 3;15(1):620. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-84223-4.
- Results publication: PubMed 39433661Speicher C, Wurmb T, Schwarzmann G, Zech C, Jansen H, Weismann D, Anger F, Paul M, Munch A, Ohr M, Meybohm P, Kippnich M. [Evaluation of the hospital emergency plan based on an exercise for a mass casualty incident]. Anaesthesiologie. 2024 Dec;73(12):810-818. doi: 10.1007/s00101-024-01475-5. Epub 2024 Oct 21. German.
- Results publicationSorensen, B. S., Zane, R. D., Wante, B. E., Rao, M. B., Bortolin, M., Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Humanitarian Initiative, Harvard Medical School, Rockenschaub, G., & WHO Regional Office for Europe. (2011). Hospital emergency response checklist. In Hospital emergency response checklist (p. 6). https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/documents/publications/hospital-emergency-response-checklist.pdf
- Results publication: PubMed 37603134Schulz M, Oestmann JW, Schutz T. [Resilience of German clinics in amok and terrorist situations : Results of an online-based survey in German emergency departments]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2023 Oct;66(10):1146-1152. doi: 10.1007/s00103-023-03752-x. Epub 2023 Aug 21. German.
- Results publication: PubMed 35024874Schorscher N, Kippnich M, Meybohm P, Wurmb T. Lessons learned from terror attacks: thematic priorities and development since 2001-results from a systematic review. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2022 Aug;48(4):2613-2638. doi: 10.1007/s00068-021-01858-y. Epub 2022 Jan 13.
- Results publicationRohde, A., Schmidbauer, W., Didion, N., Ritter, D., Demare, T., & Jänig, C. (2024). Medizinische Herausforderungen in der Starkregenkatastrophe im Ahrtal 2021. Notfall + Rettungsmedizin, 28(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10049-024-01428-w
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. Only aggregated, anonymized results will be published. No individual hospital data will be shared.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Lea Kölsch contact
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Disaster Planning and Emergency Medical Services, run by Lea Kölsch at 1 site in Germany.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 11 Mar 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Germany. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Maik von der Forst, Dr. med. (+49 6221-5632939, maik.forst@med.uni-heidelberg.de), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Maturity of Hospital Emergency Plans (time frame: Baseline). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07440329, which also lists 19 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 11 Mar 2026.