Older Adults (60 - 85 Years Old)NCT07442942
Effect of Exercise of Shoulder - Pelvic Coupling Pattern on Breathing Using Proprioceptive Technique
A study testing PNF combination of scapular and pelvic pattern intervention and Chest cages expansion exercises intervention in people with Older Adults (60 - 85 Years Old), run by Boung-hyoun Moon at 1 site in South Korea.
Trial summary
The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation scapula-pelvis coupling pattern exercise on Respiratory capacity and quality of life in elderly people aged 65 years or older and to use it in clinical intervention. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 65 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Older Adults (60 - 85 Years Old)
- What is being tested?
- PNF combination of scapular and pelvic pattern intervention and Chest cages expansion exercises intervention
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 40 participants
- Where
- 1 siteSouth Korea
- Study dates
- 15 Apr 2023to 26 Sep 2023
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 65 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Participants who were able to communicate adequately
- Participants without any musculoskeletal disorders
- Participants aged 65 years or older
- Participants with a score of 24 or higher on a cognitive function test
Who cannot join
- Participants who declined to participate in the study
- Participants with an implanted pacemaker
- Participants whose oxygen saturation level was below 90% during the pulmonary function test
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Effect of Exercise of Shoulder - Pelvic Coupling Pattern on Breathing and Quality of Life of the Elderly Using Proprioceptive Technique
The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation scapula-pelvis coupling pattern exercise on Respiratory capacity and quality of life in elderly people aged 65 years or older and to use it in clinical intervention. The hypotheses of the study were set as follows: First, PNF scapula-pelvic coupling pattern and Chest cage expansion exercise would have an effect on respiratory capacity for the elderly. Second, the PNF scapula-pelvic coupling pattern and Chest cage expansion exercise would have an effect on Chest cage expansion test. Third, PNF scapula-pelvic coupling pattern and Chest cage expansion exercise would have an effect on quality of life.
Read the detailed description
This study investigated the effects of PNF scapula-pelvis coupling pattern exercise on respiratory capacity and quality of life in adults aged 65 years or older and compared its effects with those of chest cage expansion exercise. Forty elderly participants from N Hospital were assigned to either the PNF exercise group or the chest cage expansion exercise group. Assessments were conducted before the intervention, during the intervention period, and after completion of the program.
- Conditions
- Older Adults (60 - 85 Years Old)
- Being tested
- PNF combination of scapular and pelvic pattern intervention, Chest cages expansion exercises intervention
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
PNF combination of scapular and pelvic pattern interventionBehavioural
The PNF combination of scapular and pelvic pattern intervention was conducted for 30 minutes per session, three times per week, for four weeks. The PNF combination of scapular and pelvic pattern was applied by combining scapular posterior depression with pelvic anterior elevation, and scapular anterior elevation with pelvic posterior depression.
During scapular anterior elevation combined with pelvic posterior depression, the therapist placed their hands on the shoulder joint and acromion, and on the ischial tuberosity to provide resistance. During scapular posterior depression combined with pelvic anterior elevation, resistance was applied by placing the hands on the inferior angle of the scapula and the anterior superior iliac spine.
Among the PNF techniques, rhythmic initiation was first used to facilitate movement education and enhance kinesthetic awareness. Afterward, dynamic reversals were applied to promote muscle strengthening in the participants.
Chest cages expansion exercises interventionBehavioural
The chest expansion exercise was performed in a seated upright position. The participant interlocked their fingers behind the head and, during exhalation, brought both elbows together while flexing the trunk muscles. During inhalation, the participant moved the elbows outward while extending the trunk to expand the chest wall.
The trunk rotation exercise was performed from the same starting position as the chest expansion exercise. During exhalation, the participant rotated and flexed the trunk, lowering the elbow toward the opposite knee. During inhalation, the participant returned to the starting position. This exercise was performed alternately on both sides.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| roprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation scapula-pelvis coupling pattern exercise group | Experimental | The PNF combination of scapular and pelvic pattern intervention was conducted for 30 minutes per session, three times per week, for four weeks. The PNF combination of scapular and pelvic pattern was applied by combining scapular posterior depression with pelvic anterior elevation, and scapular anterior elevation with pelvic posterior depression.
During scapular anterior elevation combined with pelvic posterior depression, the therapist placed their hands on the shoulder joint and acromion, and on the ischial tuberosity to provide resistance. During scapular posterior depression combined with pelvic anterior elevation, resistance was applied by placing the hands on the inferior angle of the scapula and the anterior superior iliac spine.
Among the PNF techniques, rhythmic initiation was first used to facilitate movement education and enhance kinesthetic awareness. Afterward, dynamic reversals were applied to promote muscle strengthening in the participants. Receives: Behavioral: PNF combination of scapular and pelvic pattern intervention |
| Chest cages expansion exercises group | Active comparator | The chest expansion exercise was performed in a seated upright position. The participant interlocked their fingers behind the head and, during exhalation, brought both elbows together while flexing the trunk muscles. During inhalation, the participant moved the elbows outward while extending the trunk to expand the chest wall.
The trunk rotation exercise was performed from the same starting position as the chest expansion exercise. During exhalation, the participant rotated and flexed the trunk, lowering the elbow toward the opposite knee. During inhalation, the participant returned to the starting position. This exercise was performed alternately on both sides. Receives: Behavioral: Chest cages expansion exercises intervention |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Pulmonary Function Test
ulmonary function was measured using a diagnostic spirometer (PONY FX, Italy). To ensure accurate measurement, sufficient explanation and demonstration were provided so that the participants could fully understand the procedure prior to testing. For the assessment, participants were seated comfortably in a chair. To prevent air leakage through the nose, a nose clip was applied, and a personal mouthpiece was held firmly between the teeth with the lips sealed tightly around it. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC ratio, and peak expiratory flow (PEF) were measured. Participants were instructed to perform three normal resting breaths, followed by a maximal inhalation. They were then encouraged to exhale as forcefully and rapidly as possible into the spirometer turbine and to maintain exhalation for 5-6 seconds. After one demonstration and practice trial, a total of four measurements were performed, and the best value was used for analysis.
Measured: 1 year
Secondary outcomes (2)
Chest Cage Expansion Test
For the chest cage expansion test, the participant was positioned in a supine position with the legs extended and the head and trunk aligned in a straight line. Using a measuring tape, the circumference of the chest was measured horizontally at the level of the xiphoid process and the junction of the body of the sternum. Measurements were taken during maximal inhalation and maximal exhalation while the participant maintained stable breathing, and the values were recorded.
Chest cage expansion was calculated as the difference between the measurement at maximal inhalation and the measurement at maximal exhalation. The measurement was performed four times, and the average value was used for data analysis.
Measured: 1 year
Quality of Life Assessment
Quality of life in the elderly was assessed using the Korean version of the WHOQOL-BREF (Yoo, 2017). The Korean WHOQOL-BREF consists of 24 items related to four domains: physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and environment.
Each item is scored on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 "not at all" to 5 "very much". The total score is calculated by summing all items, with a maximum possible score of 120 points. Higher total scores indicate better quality of life.
Measured: 1 year
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted2 Mar 2026
- Study start15 Apr 2023
- Primary completion26 Sep 2023
- Study completion26 Sep 2023
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Older Adults (60 - 85 Years Old)Studies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) scapula-pelvis coupling pattern exercise group and Chest cage expansion exercise group
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Investigator
- Enrolment
- 40 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Boung-hyoun Moon
- Sponsor type
- Other government
- Responsible party
- Sponsor-investigator, Boung-hyoun Moon, Nambu University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07442942
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 1041478-2023-HR-023
- Status last verified
- Feb 2026
- First submitted
- 21 Feb 2026
- Last updated
- 2 Mar 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 2 Mar 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effect of Exercise of Shoulder - Pelvic Coupling Pattern on Breathing and Quality of Life of the Elderly Using Proprioceptive Technique
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07442942
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 1041478-2023-HR-023
- Conditions
- Older Adults (60 - 85 Years Old)
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 40 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Boung-hyoun MoonOther government
- Study start
- 15 Apr 2023 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 26 Sep 2023 (actual)
- Study completion
- 26 Sep 2023 (actual)
- First posted
- 2 Mar 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation scapula-pelvis coupling pattern exercise on Respiratory capacity and quality of life in elderly people aged 65 years or older and to use it in clinical intervention. The hypotheses of the study were set as follows: First, PNF scapula-pelvic coupling pattern and Chest cage expansion exercise would have an effect on respiratory capacity for the elderly. Second, the PNF scapula-pelvic coupling pattern and Chest cage expansion exercise would have an effect on Chest cage expansion test. Third, PNF scapula-pelvic coupling pattern and Chest cage expansion exercise would have an effect on quality of life.
Detailed description
This study investigated the effects of PNF scapula-pelvis coupling pattern exercise on respiratory capacity and quality of life in adults aged 65 years or older and compared its effects with those of chest cage expansion exercise. Forty elderly participants from N Hospital were assigned to either the PNF exercise group or the chest cage expansion exercise group. Assessments were conducted before the intervention, during the intervention period, and after completion of the program.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, investigator)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) scapula-pelvis coupling pattern exercise group and Chest cage expansion exercise group
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| roprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation scapula-pelvis coupling pattern exercise group | Experimental | Behavioral: PNF combination of scapular and pelvic pattern interventionThe PNF combination of scapular and pelvic pattern intervention was conducted for 30 minutes per session, three times per week, for four weeks. The PNF combination of scapular and pelvic pattern was applied by combining scapular posterior depression with pelvic anterior elevation, and scapular anterior elevation with pelvic posterior depression. During scapular anterior elevation combined with pelvic posterior depression, the therapist placed their hands on the shoulder joint and acromion, and on the ischial tuberosity to provide resistance. During scapular posterior depression combined with pelvic anterior elevation, resistance was applied by placing the hands on the inferior angle of the scapula and the anterior superior iliac spine. Among the PNF techniques, rhythmic initiation was first used to facilitate movement education and enhance kinesthetic awareness. Afterward, dynamic reversals were applied to promote muscle strengthening in the participants. |
| Chest cages expansion exercises group | Active comparator | Behavioral: Chest cages expansion exercises interventionThe chest expansion exercise was performed in a seated upright position. The participant interlocked their fingers behind the head and, during exhalation, brought both elbows together while flexing the trunk muscles. During inhalation, the participant moved the elbows outward while extending the trunk to expand the chest wall. The trunk rotation exercise was performed from the same starting position as the chest expansion exercise. During exhalation, the participant rotated and flexed the trunk, lowering the elbow toward the opposite knee. During inhalation, the participant returned to the starting position. This exercise was performed alternately on both sides. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 65 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Participants who were able to communicate adequately
- Participants without any musculoskeletal disorders
- Participants aged 65 years or older
- Participants with a score of 24 or higher on a cognitive function test
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Participants who declined to participate in the study
- Participants with an implanted pacemaker
- Participants whose oxygen saturation level was below 90% during the pulmonary function test
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| PNF combination of scapular and pelvic pattern interventionThe PNF combination of scapular and pelvic pattern intervention was conducted for 30 minutes per session, three times per week, for four weeks. The PNF combination of scapular and pelvic pattern was applied by combining scapular posterior depression with pelvic anterior elevation, and scapular anterior elevation with pelvic posterior depression. During scapular anterior elevation combined with pelvic posterior depression, the therapist placed their hands on the shoulder joint and acromion, and on the ischial tuberosity to provide resistance. During scapular posterior depression combined with pelvic anterior elevation, resistance was applied by placing the hands on the inferior angle of the scapula and the anterior superior iliac spine. Among the PNF techniques, rhythmic initiation was first used to facilitate movement education and enhance kinesthetic awareness. Afterward, dynamic reversals were applied to promote muscle strengthening in the participants. | Behavioural | roprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation scapula-pelvis coupling pattern exercise group |
| Chest cages expansion exercises interventionThe chest expansion exercise was performed in a seated upright position. The participant interlocked their fingers behind the head and, during exhalation, brought both elbows together while flexing the trunk muscles. During inhalation, the participant moved the elbows outward while extending the trunk to expand the chest wall. The trunk rotation exercise was performed from the same starting position as the chest expansion exercise. During exhalation, the participant rotated and flexed the trunk, lowering the elbow toward the opposite knee. During inhalation, the participant returned to the starting position. This exercise was performed alternately on both sides. | Behavioural | Chest cages expansion exercises group |
Primary outcome
Pulmonary Function Test
Time frame: 1 year
ulmonary function was measured using a diagnostic spirometer (PONY FX, Italy). To ensure accurate measurement, sufficient explanation and demonstration were provided so that the participants could fully understand the procedure prior to testing. For the assessment, participants were seated comfortably in a chair. To prevent air leakage through the nose, a nose clip was applied, and a personal mouthpiece was held firmly between the teeth with the lips sealed tightly around it. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC ratio, and peak expiratory flow (PEF) were measured. Participants were instructed to perform three normal resting breaths, followed by a maximal inhalation. They were then encouraged to exhale as forcefully and rapidly as possible into the spirometer turbine and to maintain exhalation for 5-6 seconds. After one demonstration and practice trial, a total of four measurements were performed, and the best value was used for analysis.
2 secondary outcomes
Chest Cage Expansion Test
Time frame: 1 year
Quality of Life Assessment
Time frame: 1 year
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 2 Mar 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing PNF combination of scapular and pelvic pattern intervention and Chest cages expansion exercises intervention in people with Older Adults (60 - 85 Years Old), run by Boung-hyoun Moon at 1 site in South Korea.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 2 Mar 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in South Korea. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Pulmonary Function Test (time frame: 1 year). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 2 Mar 2026.