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AnesthesiaDRAWNCT07445399

Drawing Therapy for pReoperative Anxiety in Waiting (DRAW)

A study testing warm color, cold color and sharp shape in people with Anesthesia and Anxiety, run by Zhihong LU.

Not yet recruiting

Opening soon. The study is approved but enrolment has not started yet. Sites may already take enquiries.

Sites and contacts
Official record
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Trial summary

This study will use a factorial design to compare the effects of different colors and shapes on patients' preoperative anxiety. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 years and older
Conditions the study is for
Anesthesia, Anxiety
What is being tested?
warm color, cold color and sharp shape
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
272 participants
Where
No sites listed yet
Study dates
30 Sep 2026to 30 Dec 2026
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
Not yet: the study is under way

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 years and older
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • Patients scheduled for elective surgery
  • age ≥18 yrs old

Who cannot join

  • Frail patients who can not freely sit on the seat
  • Patients with difficulty in communication
  • Patients with color vision deficiency
  • Patients with injury or neurological dysfunction influencing function of hand
  • Patients with severe vision deficiency

Trial locations and contacts

No sites are listed yet. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.

Zhihong Lu contact

86-13891975018

deerlu23@163.com

About this study

Official title: The Effect of Different Drawing Therapy on Preoperative Anxiety in Waiting Area

This study will use a factorial design to compare the effects of different colors and shapes on patients' preoperative anxiety.

Conditions
Anesthesia, Anxiety
Being tested
warm color, cold color, sharp shape, smooth shape
Keywords
drawing, color, shape, anxiety, heart rate variability
Medical subject headings
Anxiety Disorders

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • warm colorBehavioural

    red and yellow color picture is used

  • cold colorBehavioural

    blue and green color is used

  • sharp shapeBehavioural

    triangle shaped picture is used

  • smooth shapeBehavioural

    circle and curve are used

Study groups in NCT07445399
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
AExperimentalwarm color and sharp shape are shown to the patients
Receives: Behavioral: warm color; Behavioral: sharp shape
BExperimentalwarm color and smooth shape are shown to the patients
Receives: Behavioral: warm color; Behavioral: smooth shape
CExperimentalcold color and sharp shape are shown to the patients
Receives: Behavioral: cold color; Behavioral: sharp shape
DExperimentalcold color and smooth shape are shown to the patients
Receives: Behavioral: cold color; Behavioral: smooth shape

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. score of visual analogue scale (VAS) of anxiety

    The Visual Analog Scale for Anxiety (VAS-A) is a single-item, quick-assessment tool consisting of a 100-mm horizontal line anchored by "no anxiety" at the left end (0 mm) and "worst possible anxiety" at the right end (100 mm). Patients were instructed to mark the point that best represented their current level of anxiety.

    Measured: at the end of intervention, approximately 10 minutes before start of anesthesia

Secondary outcomes (9)

  1. heart rate

    Measured: at the end of intervention, approximately 10 minutes before start of anesthesia

  2. score of State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-State (STAI-S)

    The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-State (STAI-S) is a 20-item self-report questionnaire designed to assess transient or situational anxiety levels. Each item is rated on a 4-point Likert scale ranging from 1 ("not at all") to 4 ("very much so"), with total scores ranging from 20 to 80. Higher scores indicate higher levels of anxiety.

    Measured: at the end of intervention, approximately 10 minutes before start of anesthesia

  3. score of visual analogue scale (VAS) of anxiety

    The Visual Analog Scale for Anxiety (VAS-A) is a single-item, quick-assessment tool consisting of a 100-mm horizontal line anchored by "no anxiety" at the left end (0 mm) and "worst possible anxiety" at the right end (100 mm). Patients were instructed to mark the point that best represented their current level of anxiety.

    Measured: Before anesthesia induction, approximately 1 minute before start of anesthesia

  4. Engagement level during the painting task

    measured by a 0-10 subjective rating scale, 0 is not engaged, 10 is totally engaged

    Measured: from start of painting to end of painting , approximately 10 minutes

  5. tachycardia

    heart rate over 100 beats per minute

    Measured: from admitted into the operating room to start of anesthesia, at an average of 15 minutes

  6. hypertension

    systolic blood pressure increased by more than 20% of baseline. baseline blood pressure is measured in waiting area

    Measured: from admitted into the operating room to start of anesthesia, at an average of 15 minutes

  7. Visual analogue score of sleep quality

    Visual analogue score of sleep quality is from 0 to 10, 0 is the worst quality, 10 is the best quality

    Measured: at 24 hours after surgery

  8. Score of satisfaction to anesthesia

    Score of satisfaction to anesthesia is from 0 to 10, 0 is the worst quality and totally unsatisfied, 10 is the best quality and fully satisfied

    Measured: at 24 hours after surgery

  9. score of visual analogue scale (VAS) of anxiety

    The Visual Analog Scale for Anxiety (VAS-A) is a single-item, quick-assessment tool consisting of a 100-mm horizontal line anchored by "no anxiety" at the left end (0 mm) and "worst possible anxiety" at the right end (100 mm). Patients were instructed to mark the point that best represented their current level of anxiety.

    Measured: at 24 hours after the end of the surgery

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted3 Mar 2026
  2. Study start30 Sep 2026 (estimated)
  3. Primary completion30 Dec 2026 (estimated)
  4. Study completion30 Dec 2026 (estimated)

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Factorial
Masking
Single blind
Who is masked
Outcomes assessor
Enrolment
272 participants (estimated)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT07445399
Sponsor's protocol ID
XJH-A-20260221
Acronym
DRAW
Status last verified
Sep 2026
First submitted
20 Feb 2026
Last updated
15 Sep 2026
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
Yes: De-identified individual patient data will be available after publication with reasonable request to Dr. Zhihong Lu.

Publications

  • Takemura Y, Kido K, Morozumi T, Sanuki T, Yao T, Mukai Y. Effects of Different Visual Color Stimuli on Stress Responses in Patients with Dental Phobia. J Clin Med. 2025 Sep 24;14(19):6745. doi: 10.3390/jcm14196745.

    PubMed 41095825

  • Liu Y, Chen XF. Impact of labiaplasty on psychological well-being and quality of life in Chinese women: Findings from a single-center retrospective study. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2025 Oct;171(1):423-430. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.70171. Epub 2025 Apr 18.

    PubMed 40249469

  • Eminovic S, Vincze G, Fink A, Fischerauer SF, Sadoghi P, Leithner A, Kamolz LP, Tscheliessnigg K, Bernhardt GA. Positive effect of colors and art in patient rooms on patient recovery after total hip or knee arthroplasty : A randomized controlled trial. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2022 Mar;134(5-6):221-226. doi: 10.1007/s00508-021-01936-6. Epub 2021 Sep 7.

    PubMed 34491443

  • Zhou S, Wei L, Wang Z, Zhou Z, Hu S, Yan X, Hua W, Chen J. Effect of painting intervention based on Mandala-self theory on mood and physiological state in patients in preoperative waiting room. Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2021 Mar 28;46(3):293-299. doi: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2021.190795. Chinese, English.

    PubMed 33927077

  • Luis M, Doss R, Zayed B, Yacoub M. Effect of live oud music on physiological and psychological parameters in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Glob Cardiol Sci Pract. 2019 Sep 20;2019(2):e201917. doi: 10.21542/gcsp.2019.17.

    PubMed 31799291

  • Vetter D, Barth J, Uyulmaz S, Uyulmaz S, Vonlanthen R, Belli G, Montorsi M, Bismuth H, Witt CM, Clavien PA. Effects of Art on Surgical Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Ann Surg. 2015 Nov;262(5):704-13. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000001480.

    PubMed 26583656

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing warm color, cold color and sharp shape in people with Anesthesia and Anxiety, run by Zhihong LU.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: opening soon, as of the sponsor's last update on 15 Sep 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

Contact Zhihong Lu (86-13891975018, deerlu23@163.com), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

score of visual analogue scale (VAS) of anxiety (time frame: at the end of intervention, approximately 10 minutes before start of anesthesia). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07445399, which also lists 6 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 15 Sep 2026.

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