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Health Behaviour ChangeNCT07452107

Effects of a Digital Micro-Movement Nudge Intervention on Well-Being and Academic Outcomes in College Students

A study testing Physical resilience in people with Health Behaviour Change, run by Singapore Management University at 1 site in Singapore.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

The goal of this randomized controlled study is to learn whether a 21-day physical resilience (movement-based) program can improve mental well-being, emotional regulation, and academic functioning in university students. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
Conditions the study is for
Health Behaviour Change
What is being tested?
Physical resilience
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
201 participants
Where
1 siteSingapore
Study dates
6 Feb 2026to 18 Mar 2026
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 years and older
  • All sexes
  • Healthy volunteers accepted
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • Student of Singapore Management University
  • Uses Telegram

Who cannot join

  • Below 18 Years Old

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

Singapore1 site

  • Singapore Management University, Online

    Singapore

Other trials in Singapore

About this study

Official title: Effects of a Digital Micro-Movement Nudge Intervention on Well-Being and Academic Outcomes in College Students: A Randomized Controlled Trial

The goal of this randomized controlled study is to learn whether a 21-day physical resilience (movement-based) program can improve mental well-being, emotional regulation, and academic functioning in university students.

The main questions it aims to answer are:

Read more

Does participation in a 21-day physical resilience program improve students' well-being (e.g., depression, anxiety, stress, affect, life satisfaction, and perceived health)?

Does the program improve students' academic and self-regulatory outcomes (e.g., engagement, burnout, procrastination, productivity, emotion regulation, coping, and self-control capacity)?

Researchers will compare students who complete the physical resilience program immediately to students in a waitlist control group to see whether participation in the program leads to greater improvements in well-being and academic-related outcomes.

Participants will:

Sign up online and provide informed consent

Be randomly assigned to either the intervention group or a waitlist control group

Receive daily micro-movement tasks and reminders via Telegram for 21 days (intervention group)

Complete online questionnaire surveys at baseline, post-intervention, and a 2-week follow-up

Being tested
Physical resilience
Keywords
Physical Resilience, Micro-Movement, 21-Day, Intervention, Digital, Nudge

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • Physical resilienceBehavioural

    Also called Digital Micro-Movement Nudge Intervention

    The intervention is a 21-day, digitally delivered physical resilience program consisting of daily, brief, movement-based activities designed to support mental well-being and academic functioning in university students. The program includes low-intensity physical movement, breathing exercises, and body-based regulation practices that can be completed independently without specialized equipment or prior physical training.

    Participants assigned to the intervention group receive one structured movement task per day for 21 consecutive days. Tasks are delivered via a Telegram channel, accompanied by brief digital reminders to prompt engagement. Each task is designed to be short in duration, flexible in timing, and feasible within daily routines, emphasizing consistency rather than physical exertion or performance.

    The intervention is self-guided and asynchronous, with no in-person contact, live sessions, or direct supervision.

Study groups in NCT07452107
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Intervention groupExperimentalNot described
Receives: Behavioral: Physical resilience
Waitlist ControlNo interventionNot described

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. State anxiety

    State anxiety will be assessed using the 6-item Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory STAI-6 Six items (e.g., "I was worried these past 2 weeks.") rated from 1 (Not at all) to 4 (Very much so) will be averaged for a composite score. Higher scores indicate greater levels of anxiety.

    Measured: Enrollment to the end of intervention at 3 weeks and the end of follow-up at 5 weeks

  2. Procrastination

    Procrastination will be assessed using six items from the Irrational Procrastination Scale, such as "At the end of these past 2 weeks, I know I could have spent the time this week better." Participants will respond on a 1-5 scale (1 = Very seldom or not true of me, 5 = Very often true, or true with me), and higher average scores indicate higher levels of procrastination.

    Measured: Enrollment to the end of intervention at 3 weeks and the end of follow-up at 5 weeks

Secondary outcomes (13)

  1. Productivity

    Productivity will be assessed using the Task Performance subscale of the Individual Work Performance Questionnaire (IWPQ), adapted to the academic context. Participants will respond to five items (e.g., "I was able to plan my work so that I finished it on time") with reference to their schoolwork. Items will be rated on a 6-point scale from 0 (seldom) to 5 (always) and then the scores will be averaged, with higher scores indicating greater productivity.

    Measured: Enrollment to the end of intervention at 3 weeks and the end of follow-up at 5 weeks

  2. Study Burnout

    Study burnout will be measured using the 9-item Study Burnout Inventory. Participants will indicate how well each item described their experiences (e.g., "I felt a lack of motivation in studying and often think of giving up") on a 6-point scale from 1 (Completely disagree) to 6 (Completely agree). Scores will be averaged, with higher scores indicating greater academic burnout.

    Measured: Enrollment to the end of intervention at 3 weeks and the end of follow-up at 5 weeks

  3. Study Engagement

    Study engagement will be measured using the 9-item Study Engagement Inventory. Participants will rate items such as "I found studying full of meaning and purpose" based on their experiences. Responses will be given on a 6-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (Completely disagree) to 6 (Completely agree) and higher scores will indicate greater levels of academic engagement.

    Measured: Enrollment to the end of intervention at 3 weeks and the end of follow-up at 5 weeks

  4. Implementation intention

    Implementation intention will be measured using the single item "In the past 14 days, I have taken steps to achieve my goals for the month." scored from 1 (Strongly disagree) to 5 (Strongly agree), where a higher score indicates higher implementation intention.

    Measured: Enrollment to the end of intervention at 3 weeks and the end of follow-up at 5 weeks

  5. Goal Progress

    Goal progress will be measured using the single item "In the past 14 days, I have seen progress towards my goals for the month." scored from 1 (Strongly disagree) to 5 (Strongly agree), where a higher score indicates higher goal progress.

    Measured: Enrollment to the end of intervention at 3 weeks and the end of follow-up at 5 weeks

  6. Depression

    Depression will be measured using an adapted version of the 10-item Short Depression Scale Revised (CES-D-R 10). The scale includes the sample item "I felt that everything I did was an effort." and is scored from 1 (Rarely or none of the time) to 4 (All of the time). Scores will be averaged and higher scores indicate higher risk of depression.

    Measured: Enrollment to the end of intervention at 3 weeks and the end of follow-up at 5 weeks

  7. Life Satisfaction

    Life satisfaction will be measured using an adapted version of Diener's Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS). The scale includes 5 items e.g. "In most ways, these past 2 weeks have been close to ideal" and is scored from 1 (Strongly disagree) to 7 (Strongly agree). Scores will be summed and higher scores indicate higher life satisfaction.

    Measured: Enrollment to the end of intervention at 3 weeks and the end of follow-up at 5 weeks

  8. Perceived Stress

    Perceived stress will be measured by an adapted version of the 4-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) developed by Cohen and colleagues. One sample item includes "In the last 2 weeks, how often have you felt difficulties piling up so high that you could not overcome them?" and items are scored from 0 (Never) to 4 (Very often). The composite score is calculated by summing the scores of all items; higher scores indicate higher levels of perceived stress.

    Measured: Enrollment to the end of intervention at 3 weeks and the end of follow-up at 5 weeks

  9. Positive and Negative Affect

    Positive Affect (PA) and Negative Affect (NA) will be evaluated using the Circumplex Model of Affect. Participants will rate feelings such as 'Energetic' and 'Dejected' experienced over the past two weeks, from a scale of 1 to 5 (1 = Not at all, 5 = Extremely).

    Measured: Enrollment to the end of intervention at 3 weeks and the end of follow-up at 5 weeks

  10. Coping

    Coping strategies will be assessed using the Brief COPE which is a 28-item self-report measure assessing a range of adaptive and maladaptive coping responses to stress. Participants will indicate how frequently they have engaged in various coping behaviours in response to stress over the past two weeks (e.g., "I've been taking action to try to make the situation better"). Items will be rated on a 4-point scale from 1 (I haven't been doing this at all) to 4 (I've been doing this a lot). Scores will then be averaged for each coping strategy, with higher scores indicating greater use of that coping strategy.

    Measured: Enrollment to the end of intervention at 3 weeks and the end of follow-up at 5 weeks

  11. Emotion Regulation

    Emotion regulation will be assessed using the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), which is a 10-item self-report measure assessing two emotion regulation strategies: cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression. Participants will indicate the extent to which they agree with statements describing how they typically regulate their emotions (e.g., "I control my emotions by changing the way I think about the situation I'm in"). Items are rated on a 7-point scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree). Subscale scores will be computed by averaging items corresponding to cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression, with higher scores indicating greater use of the respective emotion regulation strategy.

    Measured: Enrollment to the end of intervention at 3 weeks and the end of follow-up at 5 weeks

  12. Self-Control Capacity

    Self-control capacity will be assessed using the Brief State Self-Control Capacity Scale (BSSCS), which is a 5-item self-report measure assessing individuals' perceived momentary self-control resources. Participants will indicate the extent to which each statement reflects their experiences over the past two weeks (e.g., "I felt like my willpower was gone"). Items are rated on a 7-point scale from 1 (not true) to 7 (very true). Items will be averaged to compute a composite score, with higher scores indicating greater state self-control capacity.

    Measured: Enrollment to the end of intervention at 3 weeks and the end of follow-up at 5 weeks

  13. Perceived Health

    Perceived health will be assessed using a single-item self-report measure of general health status. Participants will respond to the question, "How would you rate your physical health over the past two weeks?" Responses will be rated on a 5-point scale from 1 (Poor) to 5 (Excellent). Higher scores indicate better perceived physical health.

    Measured: Enrollment to the end of intervention at 3 weeks and the end of follow-up at 5 weeks

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted5 Mar 2026
  2. Study start6 Feb 2026
  3. Primary completion18 Mar 2026
  4. Study completion18 Mar 2026

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Supportive care
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Masking
Single blind
Who is masked
Participant
Enrolment
201 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT07452107
Sponsor's protocol ID
IRB-26-037-A031(226)
Status last verified
Feb 2026
First submitted
19 Feb 2026
Last updated
21 Aug 2026
Results posted
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
No

Publications

  • Steel, P. D. G. (2002). The measurement and nature of procrastination. University of Minnesota.

  • Salmela-Aro, K., & Read, S. (2017). Study engagement and burnout profiles among Finnish higher education students. Burnout Research, 7, 21-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burn.2017.11.001

  • Koopmans, L., Bernaards, C., Hildebrandt, V., van Buuren, S., van der Beek, A. J., & de Vet, H. C. W. (2013). Development of an individual work performance questionnaire. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 62(1), 6-28. https://doi.org/10.1108/17410401311285273

  • Lindner, C., Lindner, M. A., & Retelsdorf, J. (2019). Measuring self-control depletion in achievement situations: A validation of the 5-item brief state self-control capacity scale. Diagnostica, 65(4), 228-242. https://doi.org/10.1026/0012-1924/a000230

  • Gross JJ, John OP. Individual differences in two emotion regulation processes: implications for affect, relationships, and well-being. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2003 Aug;85(2):348-62. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.85.2.348.

    PubMed 12916575

  • Carver CS. You want to measure coping but your protocol's too long: consider the brief COPE. Int J Behav Med. 1997;4(1):92-100. doi: 10.1207/s15327558ijbm0401_6.

    PubMed 16250744

  • Conner, T. S., & Silvia, P. J. (2015). Creative Days: A Daily Diary Study of Emotion, Personality, and Everyday Creativity. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 9(4), 463-470. https://doi.org/10.1037/aca0000022

  • Russell, J. A. (1980). A circumplex model of affect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39(6), 1161-1178. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0077714

  • Cohen S, Kamarck T, Mermelstein R. A global measure of perceived stress. J Health Soc Behav. 1983 Dec;24(4):385-96. No abstract available.

    PubMed 6668417

  • Diener E, Emmons RA, Larsen RJ, Griffin S. The Satisfaction With Life Scale. J Pers Assess. 1985 Feb;49(1):71-5. doi: 10.1207/s15327752jpa4901_13.

    PubMed 16367493

  • Andresen EM, Malmgren JA, Carter WB, Patrick DL. Screening for depression in well older adults: evaluation of a short form of the CES-D (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale). Am J Prev Med. 1994 Mar-Apr;10(2):77-84.

    PubMed 8037935

  • Koopmans L, Bernaards CM, Hildebrandt VH, de Vet HC, van der Beek AJ. Construct validity of the individual work performance questionnaire. J Occup Environ Med. 2014 Mar;56(3):331-7. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000000113.

    PubMed 24561507

  • Marteau TM, Bekker H. The development of a six-item short-form of the state scale of the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Br J Clin Psychol. 1992 Sep;31(3):301-6. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8260.1992.tb00997.x.

    PubMed 1393159

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing Physical resilience in people with Health Behaviour Change, run by Singapore Management University at 1 site in Singapore.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 21 Aug 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in Singapore. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

State anxiety (time frame: Enrollment to the end of intervention at 3 weeks and the end of follow-up at 5 weeks). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07452107, which also lists 13 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 21 Aug 2026.

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