Autoimmune Hemolytic AnemiaPhase 1NCT07453836
Research on YTS109 Cell in Patients With Recurrent/Refractory Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
A Phase 1 study testing YTS109 cell in people with Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia, run by China Immunotech (Beijing) Biotechnology Co., Ltd. at 1 site in China.
Trial summary
This is a Phase I, single-arm, open-label, dose-escalation and dose-expansion study. The primary objective is to evaluate the safety, tolerability, efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of YTS109 STAR-T cell therapy in patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia who have failed ≥3 lines of therapy. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 60 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
- What is being tested?
- YTS109 cell
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 13 participants
- Where
- 1 siteChina
- Study dates
- 18 Nov 2026to 18 Mar 2028
- Phase
- Phase 1
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 60 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- 18 ≤ Age ≤ 60 years, regardless of gender.
- A definitive diagnosis of Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) or Evans Syndrome [including warm antibody-type, mixed warm-cold antibody-type, and cold antibody-type hemolytic anemia (cold agglutinin disease)] has been established, with diagnostic criteria referenced from the Chinese Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia in Adults (2023 Edition).
- Patients who have undergone at least three failed treatment attempts, whose anemia symptoms (hemoglobin < 100 g/L) persist despite conventional therapy, and who remain unresponsive or experience recurrence after disease remission. Definition of Conventional Therapy: Treatment with glucocorticoids and/or rituximab, combined with any one or more of the following interventions: splenectomy, cyclosporine, cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, bendamustine, fludarabine, bortezomib, or other pharmacological agents, as well as biologic agents including anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies, BTK inhibitors, Syk inhibitors, complement inhibitors, etc.
- Adequate Organ Function:
- Liver Function:
- Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ≤ 3 × upper limit of normal (ULN); Total bilirubin ≤ 2.0 × ULN (excluding Gilbert syndrome, where total bilirubin ≤ 3.0 × ULN).
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- Renal Function:
- Creatinine clearance (CrCl) ≥ 60 ml/minute (calculated using the Cockcroft-Gault formula).
- Oxygen Saturation (SpO₂): ≥ 92%.
- ECOG performance status≤2.
- Subjects of childbearing potential will be required to follow contraception requirements from the time of enrollment until the end of the 12-month safety follow-up period.
- The subjects voluntarily participate in the study, sign the informed consent, demonstrate good compliance, and cooperate with follow-up.
Who cannot join
- Diagnosis of lymphoproliferative tumor
- Other hereditary or acquired hemolytic diseases (Secondary AIHA caused by drugs or infection)
- The platelet count in peripheral blood<30×10^9/L
- Pregnant or breast-feeding subjects
- Receive any of the following treatments within the specified time before cell infusion: a.anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies <12 weeks, b.sutimlimab or other marketed biologics <5 half-lives,c.plasma exchange <4 weeks, d.post-splenectomy <12 weeks, e. BTK inhibitors, anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody, Syk inhibitors, BAFF inhibitors < 5 half-lives.
- Previously received organ or stem cell transplantation
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- History of new thrombosis or organ infarction in the past 6 months
- Diagnosis of the active stage of the connective tissue disease.
- Have active infections, such as sepsis, bacteremia, fungemia, uncontrolled pulmonary infection and active tuberculosis, etc.
- Positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) or hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg); positive hepatitis B e antibody (HBe-Ab) or hepatitis B core antibody (HBc-Ab), and the HBV-DNA copy number is above the lower limit of the measurable capacity; positive hepatitis C (HCV) antibody; positive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody; positive syphilis test.
- Underwent major surgery within 4 weeks before screening, as determined by the investigator to be unsuitable for enrollment.
- Have malignant tumors within 5 years before enrollment, except tumors with negligible risk of metastasis or death and curable tumors, such as adequately treated cervical carcinoma in situ, cutaneous basal cell carcinoma, etc.
- Have any of the following cardiovascular diseases: a.Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤45%, b. presence of active heart disease or congestive heart failure (New York Heart Association [NYHA] Class III or IV)), c.severe arrhythmias requiring treatment, d.have myocardial infarction, bypass surgery, or stent placement within the 6 months before the study, e.other heart diseases judged by the researcher to be unsuitable for enrollment.
- Have a history of live attenuated vaccines within 6 weeks before enrollment.
- Have a history of epilepsy or other active central nervous system diseases.
- Have an allergy to the ingredients of the medicine used in this study.
- Previously received CAR-T cell therapy.
- Patients considered to be ineligible for the study by the investigator for reasons other than the above.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
China1 site
Beijing GoBroad Boren Hospital
Beijing
Liping Jing, 13820381160, jlp1160@126.com
About this study
Official title: The Safety and Efficacy of YTS109 Cell for Relapsed/Refractory Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia Patients After Receiving Three or More Lines of Therapy.
This is a Phase I, single-arm, open-label, dose-escalation and dose-expansion study. The primary objective is to evaluate the safety, tolerability, efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of YTS109 STAR-T cell therapy in patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia who have failed ≥3 lines of therapy.
This study set up two dosage groups: 1e6 STAR+T cells/kg and 2e6 STAR+T cells/kg. With the starting dose of 1e6 STAR+T cells/kg, it was conducted according to the traditional 3+3 design rule. In this study, if the safety was good but the efficacy was not satisfactory at the dosage level of 2e6 STAR+T cells/kg, SRC could decide whether to continue increasing the dose to 3e6 STAR+T cells/kg based on the clinical preclinical data, cumulative safety, tolerance, preliminary efficacy, PK and other results.
If the subject shows no response (NR) or experiences recurrence after remission, a second infusion may be administered-provided the patient voluntarily consents and the investigator, after comprehensive assessment, determines that the potential benefits outweigh the risks. The investigator may decide on the timing of re-infusion, the use of lymphodepleting pretreatment, and the dose and number of re-infusions based on prior safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetic (PK) data.
- Conditions
- Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
- Being tested
- YTS109 cell
- Medical subject headings
- Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
YTS109 cellDrug
Subjects will receive YTS109 cell, and dose escalation will commence at 1E6 cells/kg or the starting dose may be adjusted based on accumulated data.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| YTS109 cell | Experimental | Subjects will receive YTS109 cell, and dose escalation will commence at 1E6 cells/kg or the starting dose may be adjusted based on accumulated data. Receives: Drug: YTS109 cell |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Dose Limiting Toxicity
Measured: Within 28 days after infusion
The incidence and frequency of treatment-emergent adverse events
Safety assessments are conducted using the NCI-CTCAE version 5.0 standards
Measured: Within 6 months after infusion
Secondary outcomes (7)
Best overall response rate (BOR) of each dose group
BOR is determined as the most favorable response observed after cell infusion, until either disease relapse or the completion of a specified observation period
Measured: Within 12 weeks after infusion
Objective response rate (ORR) of each dose group
Measured: Within 4 weeks after infusion
Time to response (TTR)
TTR is defined as the duration from cell infusion to the achievement of a hematological response
Measured: Within 6 months after infusion
Peak Plasma Concentration (Cmax) of YTS109
To evaluate the metabolic characteristics of YTS109
Measured: Within 12 months after infusion
Time to Peak (Tmax) of YTS109
To evaluate the metabolic characteristics of YTS109
Measured: Within 12 months after infusion
Area under the plasma concentration versus time curve (AUC) of YTS109
To evaluate the metabolic characteristics of YTS109
Measured: Within 12 months after infusion
The reconstitution of B cell in peripheral blood
Changes in B cells quantification and phenotypic in peripheral blood
Measured: Within 12 months after infusion
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted6 Mar 2026
- Study start18 Nov 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion18 Mar 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion18 Mar 2028 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Autoimmune Hemolytic AnemiaStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 1
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 13 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- China Immunotech (Beijing) Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
- Sponsor type
- Industry (pharma, biotech, devices)
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07453836
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- YTS109-016
- Status last verified
- Mar 2026
- First submitted
- 2 Mar 2026
- Last updated
- 22 Oct 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 22 Oct 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Safety and Efficacy of YTS109 Cell for Relapsed/Refractory Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia Patients After Receiving Three or More Lines of Therapy.
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07453836
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- YTS109-016
- Conditions
- Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
- Phase
- Phase 1
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Not yet recruiting
- Enrolment
- 13 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- China Immunotech (Beijing) Biotechnology Co., Ltd.Industry (pharma, biotech, devices)
- Study start
- 18 Nov 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- 18 Mar 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 18 Mar 2028 (estimated)
- First posted
- 6 Mar 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This is a Phase I, single-arm, open-label, dose-escalation and dose-expansion study. The primary objective is to evaluate the safety, tolerability, efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of YTS109 STAR-T cell therapy in patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia who have failed ≥3 lines of therapy.
This study set up two dosage groups: 1e6 STAR+T cells/kg and 2e6 STAR+T cells/kg. With the starting dose of 1e6 STAR+T cells/kg, it was conducted according to the traditional 3+3 design rule. In this study, if the safety was good but the efficacy was not satisfactory at the dosage level of 2e6 STAR+T cells/kg, SRC could decide whether to continue increasing the dose to 3e6 STAR+T cells/kg based on the clinical preclinical data, cumulative safety, tolerance, preliminary efficacy, PK and other results.
If the subject shows no response (NR) or experiences recurrence after remission, a second infusion may be administered-provided the patient voluntarily consents and the investigator, after comprehensive assessment, determines that the potential benefits outweigh the risks. The investigator may decide on the timing of re-infusion, the use of lymphodepleting pretreatment, and the dose and number of re-infusions based on prior safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetic (PK) data.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| YTS109 cell | Experimental | Drug: YTS109 cellSubjects will receive YTS109 cell, and dose escalation will commence at 1E6 cells/kg or the starting dose may be adjusted based on accumulated data. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 60 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (12 listed)
- 18 ≤ Age ≤ 60 years, regardless of gender.
- A definitive diagnosis of Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) or Evans Syndrome [including warm antibody-type, mixed warm-cold antibody-type, and cold antibody-type hemolytic anemia (cold agglutinin disease)] has been established, with diagnostic criteria referenced from the Chinese Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia in Adults (2023 Edition).
- Patients who have undergone at least three failed treatment attempts, whose anemia symptoms (hemoglobin < 100 g/L) persist despite conventional therapy, and who remain unresponsive or experience recurrence after disease remission. Definition of Conventional Therapy: Treatment with glucocorticoids and/or rituximab, combined with any one or more of the following interventions: splenectomy, cyclosporine, cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, bendamustine, fludarabine, bortezomib, or other pharmacological agents, as well as biologic agents including anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies, BTK inhibitors, Syk inhibitors, complement inhibitors, etc.
- Adequate Organ Function:
- Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ≤ 3 × upper limit of normal (ULN); Total bilirubin ≤ 2.0 × ULN (excluding Gilbert syndrome, where total bilirubin ≤ 3.0 × ULN).
Key exclusion criteria (18 listed)
- Diagnosis of lymphoproliferative tumor
- Other hereditary or acquired hemolytic diseases (Secondary AIHA caused by drugs or infection)
- The platelet count in peripheral blood<30×10^9/L
- Pregnant or breast-feeding subjects
- Receive any of the following treatments within the specified time before cell infusion: a.anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies <12 weeks, b.sutimlimab or other marketed biologics <5 half-lives,c.plasma exchange <4 weeks, d.post-splenectomy <12 weeks, e. BTK inhibitors, anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody, Syk inhibitors, BAFF inhibitors < 5 half-lives.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| YTS109 cellSubjects will receive YTS109 cell, and dose escalation will commence at 1E6 cells/kg or the starting dose may be adjusted based on accumulated data. | Drug | YTS109 cell |
Primary outcome
Dose Limiting Toxicity
Time frame: Within 28 days after infusion
The incidence and frequency of treatment-emergent adverse events
Time frame: Within 6 months after infusion
Safety assessments are conducted using the NCI-CTCAE version 5.0 standards
7 secondary outcomes
Best overall response rate (BOR) of each dose group
Time frame: Within 12 weeks after infusion
Objective response rate (ORR) of each dose group
Time frame: Within 4 weeks after infusion
Time to response (TTR)
Time frame: Within 6 months after infusion
Peak Plasma Concentration (Cmax) of YTS109
Time frame: Within 12 months after infusion
Time to Peak (Tmax) of YTS109
Time frame: Within 12 months after infusion
Area under the plasma concentration versus time curve (AUC) of YTS109
Time frame: Within 12 months after infusion
The reconstitution of B cell in peripheral blood
Time frame: Within 12 months after infusion
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 22 Oct 2026.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 1 study testing YTS109 cell in people with Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia, run by China Immunotech (Beijing) Biotechnology Co., Ltd. at 1 site in China.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 12 inclusion and 18 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: opening soon, as of the sponsor's last update on 22 Oct 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in China. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 1 studies test a treatment in a small group of people for the first time or in a new way, mainly to check safety and find the right dose.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Liping Jing (13820381160, jlp1160@126.com), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Dose Limiting Toxicity (time frame: Within 28 days after infusion). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 22 Oct 2026.