Rotator Cuff SyndromeNCT07458711
Comparative Effects of Spencer Techniques and Movement With Mobilization in Improving Pain, Range of Motion, and Functional Disability in Rotator Cuff Syndrome.
A study testing Spencer technique, Movement with mobilization and conventional physical therapy in people with Rotator Cuff Syndrome, run by University of Lahore at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
This study will be randomised clinical trial conducted at the University of Lahore Teaching Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. A total of 60 participants will be selected and randomly allocated into two treatment groups (30 participants in each group) using the lottery method. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 30 to 60 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Rotator Cuff Syndrome
- What is being tested?
- Spencer technique, Movement with mobilization and conventional physical therapy
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 60 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- 26 Sep 2025to 3 Mar 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 30 to 60 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- • Patient from the age of 30 to 60.
- Patient suffering from rotator cuff syndrome. Patient with a history of pain in shoulder for more than 3 month.
- Patient with grade 1 and grade 2 of rotator cuff syndrome which doesn't require surgery.
- Patient with 2 positive Neers and Hawkins Kennedy test.
- Patient who haven't gone under any physical therapy treatment in the past 6 months.
Who cannot join
- • Patient with any cardiac problem like myocardial infarction.
- Patient with diagnosis of fibromyalgia.
- Patient with ongoing pregnancy.
- Patient with pain related to shoulder trauma.
- Patient with history of shoulder injury or shoulder surgery.
- Patient with associated symptoms like numbness and tingling.
- Patient who have taken corticosteroids injections of shoulder within a year.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Pakistan1 site
University of Lahore Teaching Hospital
Lahore, Punjab Province, 55150
About this study
Official title: Spencer Technique and Movement With Mobilization in Rotator Cuff Syndrome
This study will be randomised clinical trial conducted at the University of Lahore Teaching Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. A total of 60 participants will be selected and randomly allocated into two treatment groups (30 participants in each group) using the lottery method. All screened and willing participants who meet the eligibility criteria will be assigned to either Group A or Group B. Group A: Spencer Technique with Conventional Therapy
Participants allocated to Group A will receive the Spencer Technique in combination with conventional physiotherapy. The intervention will follow a structured and progressive protocol for 6 weeks.
Read more
Conventional Therapy (15 minutes per session)
Conventional treatment will be administered prior to manual therapy and will include:
Moist Hot Pack (5 minutes):
A moist hot pack will be applied to the affected shoulder at a comfortable therapeutic temperature. A towel layer will be placed between the hot pack and the skin to prevent burns.
Shoulder Stretching Exercises (10 minutes):
Passive stretching will be performed to improve flexibility, reduce muscle tightness, and enhance shoulder range of motion. Each stretch will be held for 20-30 seconds and repeated 3-5 times. Stretching will include:
Shoulder flexion and extension (supine position)
Shoulder abduction
Shoulder adduction (cross-body stretch)
Internal and external rotation at 90° abduction
Stretching will be performed five sessions per week.
Spencer Technique (20 minutes per session)
Following conventional therapy, the Spencer technique will be administered in seven sequential steps:
Shoulder extension with elbow flexion to the point of restriction
Shoulder flexion with elbow extension
Circumduction with compression at 90° abduction
Circumduction with distraction at 90° abduction
Abduction with internal rotation (hand placed behind hip)
Adduction with external rotation
Stretching with fluid pumping maneuver (5-10 repetitions)
Dosage and Progression:
Frequency: 5 sessions per week
Weeks 1-3: 2 sets of 10 repetitions per step (1-minute rest between sets)
Weeks 4-6: 3 sets of 10 repetitions per step
Total session duration: 35 minutes
5 minutes hot pack
10 minutes stretching
20 minutes Spencer technique
Group B: Mobilization with Movement (MWM) with Conventional Therapy
Participants allocated to Group B will receive Mobilization with Movement combined with conventional physiotherapy for 6 weeks.
Conventional Therapy (15 minutes per session)
The same conventional therapy protocol as Group A will be administered prior to mobilization:
5 minutes moist hot pack
10 minutes passive shoulder stretching
Mobilization with Movement (20 minutes per session)
MWM will be performed in the directions of:
External rotation
Internal rotation
Abduction
Flexion
The participant will be positioned in sitting on a high chair. The therapist will stabilize the shoulder girdle with one hand while applying a sustained glide to the humeral head using the thenar eminence of the other hand. The glide will be maintained perpendicular to the plane of movement and adjusted according to the participant's pain-free direction.
Participants will be instructed to actively move the shoulder through the available range while the glide is sustained. Movement will continue until the onset of pain or discomfort.
Dosage:
3 sets of 10 repetitions
30-second rest between sets
Frequency: 3 sessions per week
Duration: 6 weeks
Total session duration: 35 minutes
5 minutes hot pack
10 minutes stretching
20 minutes mobilization with movement
Read the detailed description
Study Design and Procedures
This study is a single-blinded, randomized controlled trial designed to compare the effectiveness of the Spencer Technique combined with conventional therapy versus Mobilization with Movement combined with conventional therapy in individuals with shoulder dysfunction.
Screening and Recruitment
Participants who meet the predefined inclusion criteria will be recruited using a purposive sampling technique. Individuals who are readily available and willing to participate will be screened for eligibility.
Eligible participants will be informed about the study objectives, procedures, potential risks, and benefits. Written informed consent will be obtained prior to enrollment.
Sample Size and Allocation
A total sample of 52 participants will be included in the study. After baseline assessment, participants will be randomly allocated into two groups (Group A and Group B) using the lottery method.
Randomization
Randomization will be performed using a simple lottery method to ensure equal allocation into the two intervention groups.
Blinding
This study will follow a single-blinded design. Participants will be blinded to group allocation.
Intervention Duration and Assessment
Both groups will receive treatment for 6 weeks. Sessions will be conducted 3 times per week. Outcome assessments will be performed at baseline and at the end of the 6th week.
Each treatment session for both groups will have a total duration of 35 minutes.
Data will be analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 27.0.
Interventions Group A: Spencer Technique with Conventional Therapy
Participants allocated to Group A will receive the Spencer Technique in combination with conventional physiotherapy.
Conventional Therapy (15 minutes per session)
Moist Hot Pack (5 minutes):
A moist hot pack will be applied to the affected shoulder at a therapeutic temperature, with a towel placed between the pack and the skin.
Shoulder Stretching (10 minutes):
Passive stretching exercises will be performed to improve flexibility and range of motion. Each stretch will be held for 20-30 seconds and repeated 3-5 times. Stretching will include:
Shoulder flexion and extension
Shoulder abduction
Shoulder adduction
Internal and external rotation at 90° abduction
Spencer Technique (20 minutes per session)
The technique will be administered in seven sequential steps:
Shoulder extension with elbow flexion to restriction
Shoulder flexion with elbow extension
Circumduction with compression at 90° abduction
Circumduction with distraction at 90° abduction
Abduction with internal rotation
Adduction with external rotation
Stretching with fluid pumping maneuver (5-10 repetitions)
Dosage progression:
Weeks 1-3: 2 sets of 10 repetitions per step (1-minute rest between sets)
Weeks 4-6: 3 sets of 10 repetitions per step
Total session duration: 35 minutes (5 minutes hot pack, 10 minutes stretching, 20 minutes Spencer technique).
Group B: Mobilization with Movement with Conventional Therapy
Participants allocated to Group B will receive Mobilization with Movement (MWM) combined with conventional physiotherapy.
Conventional Therapy (15 minutes per session)
5 minutes moist hot pack
10 minutes passive shoulder stretching
Mobilization with Movement (20 minutes per session)
Participants will be positioned in sitting. The therapist will stabilize the shoulder girdle with one hand and apply a sustained glide to the humeral head using the thenar eminence of the other hand. The glide will be maintained perpendicular to the plane of movement and adjusted to remain pain-free.
Mobilization will be performed in:
External rotation
Internal rotation
Abduction
Flexion
Participants will actively move the shoulder during sustained glide until the onset of pain or discomfort.
Dosage:
3 sets of 10 repetitions
30-second rest between sets
3 sessions per week for 6 weeks
Total session duration: 35 minutes (5 minutes hot pack, 10 minutes stretching, 20 minutes mobilization).
- Conditions
- Rotator Cuff Syndrome
- Being tested
- Spencer technique, Movement with mobilization, conventional physical therapy
- Keywords
- rotator cuff impingement or syndrome
- Medical subject headings
- Shoulder Impingement Syndrome
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Spencer techniqueOther
Spencer Technique (20 minutes per session)
The technique will be administered in seven sequential steps:
Shoulder extension with elbow flexion to restriction
Shoulder flexion with elbow extension
Circumduction with compression at 90° abduction
Circumduction with distraction at 90° abduction
Abduction with internal rotation
Adduction with external rotation Stretching with fluid pumping maneuver (5-10 repetitions) Weeks 1-3: 2 sets of 10 repetitions per step (1-minute rest between sets) Weeks 4-6: 3 sets of 10 repetitions per step
Movement with mobilizationOther
Mobilization will be performed in:
External rotation
Internal rotation
Abduction
Flexion
Participants will actively move the shoulder during sustained glide until the onset of pain or discomfort.
Dosage:
3 sets of 10 repetitions
30-second rest between sets
3 sessions per week for 6 weeks Conventional Therapy (15 minutes per session)
Moist Hot Pack (5 minutes):
A moist hot pack will be applied to the affected shoulder at a therapeutic temperature, with a towel placed between the pack and the skin.
Shoulder Stretching (10 minutes):
Passive stretching exercises will be performed to improve flexibility and range of motion. Each stretch will be held for 20-30 seconds and repeated 3-5 times. Stretching will include:
Shoulder flexion and extension
Shoulder abduction
Shoulder adduction
Internal and external rotation at 90° abduction Total session duration: 35 minutes (5 minutes hot pack, 10 minutes stretching, 20 minutes mobilization).
conventional physical therapyOther
Conventional Therapy (15 minutes per session)
Moist Hot Pack (5 minutes):
A moist hot pack will be applied to the affected shoulder at a therapeutic temperature, with a towel placed between the pack and the skin.
Shoulder Stretching (10 minutes):
Passive stretching exercises will be performed to improve flexibility and range of motion. Each stretch will be held for 20-30 seconds and repeated 3-5 times. Stretching will include:
Shoulder flexion and extension
Shoulder abduction
Shoulder adduction
Internal and external rotation at 90° abduction
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Spencer technique + conventional physical therapy | Experimental | The technique will be administered in seven sequential steps:
Shoulder extension with elbow flexion to restriction
Shoulder flexion with elbow extension
Circumduction with compression at 90° abduction
Circumduction with distraction at 90° abduction
Abduction with internal rotation
Adduction with external rotation
Stretching with fluid pumping maneuver (5-10 repetitions)
Dosage progression:
Weeks 1-3: 2 sets of 10 repetitions per step (1-minute rest between sets)
Weeks 4-6: 3 sets of 10 repetitions per step
Total session duration: 35 minutes (5 minutes hot pack, 10 minutes stretching, 20 minutes Spencer technique). Receives: Other: Spencer technique; Other: conventional physical therapy |
| movement with mobilization + conventional physical therapy | Experimental | The technique will be administered in seven sequential steps:
Shoulder extension with elbow flexion to restriction
Shoulder flexion with elbow extension
Circumduction with compression at 90° abduction
Circumduction with distraction at 90° abduction
Abduction with internal rotation
Adduction with external rotation
Stretching with fluid pumping maneuver (5-10 repetitions)
Dosage progression:
Weeks 1-3: 2 sets of 10 repetitions per step (1-minute rest between sets)
Weeks 4-6: 3 sets of 10 repetitions per step
Total session duration: 35 minutes (5 minutes hot pack, 10 minutes stretching, 20 minutes Spencer technique). Receives: Other: Movement with mobilization; Other: conventional physical therapy |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Pain Intensity (Visual Analogue Scale)
Visual Analogue Scale The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) is a subjective measure in which individuals rate their pain on an eleven-point numerical scale. The scale is composed of 0 (no pain at all) to 10 (worst imaginable pain). According to researches VAS shows excellent reliability (0.97 and 0.99, respectively) for the measurement of musculoskeletal pain.
Measured: baseline, 3rd week , 6th week
Secondary outcomes (2)
range of motion
Goniometer Range of motion is measured using a goniometer at baseline and end point measurements. Range of motion of joints are usually assessed by a device known as universal goniometer. goniometer has two arms stationary as well as movable arm. The centre of the goniometer is known as fulcrum. Through goniometer in each plane joint ranges are measured.
Goniometer Positioning for Shoulder Joint Assessment For Goniometer assessment fulcrum with be place on the shoulder joint. On the other hand it was in aligned with frontal axis in terms of assessing flexion and extension and add sagittal axis in terms of assessing abduction and abduction and in longitudinal axis for internal and external rotation.
Measured: baseline, 3rd week, 6th week
for function (DASH)
Disability of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire The Disability of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire consists of 30 items designed to evaluate self-reported disability. It measures both symptoms and physical abilities related to upper musculoskeletal conditions. Additionally, it assesses upper limb impairment by tracking changes in symptoms and functionality over time. The questionnaire demonstrates strong reliability (0.96) and solid validity (0.70).
Measured: Baseline, 3rd week, 6th week
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted9 Mar 2026
- Study start26 Sep 2025
- Primary completion28 Feb 2026
- Study completion3 Mar 2026
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Rotator Cuff SyndromeStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by University of LahoreThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Participant
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Lahore
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- University of Lahore Hospital (ULH)
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Asim Arif, PhD scholar, Principal investigator, University of Lahore
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07458711
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- UOL/IREB/25/12/0014
- Status last verified
- Sep 2025
- First submitted
- 4 Mar 2026
- Last updated
- 9 Mar 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 9 Mar 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Spencer Technique and Movement With Mobilization in Rotator Cuff Syndrome
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07458711
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- UOL/IREB/25/12/0014
- Conditions
- Rotator Cuff Syndrome
- Keywords
- rotator cuff impingement or syndrome
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of LahoreUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- University of Lahore Hospital (ULH)
- Study start
- 26 Sep 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 28 Feb 2026 (actual)
- Study completion
- 3 Mar 2026 (actual)
- First posted
- 9 Mar 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study will be randomised clinical trial conducted at the University of Lahore Teaching Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. A total of 60 participants will be selected and randomly allocated into two treatment groups (30 participants in each group) using the lottery method. All screened and willing participants who meet the eligibility criteria will be assigned to either Group A or Group B. Group A: Spencer Technique with Conventional Therapy
Participants allocated to Group A will receive the Spencer Technique in combination with conventional physiotherapy. The intervention will follow a structured and progressive protocol for 6 weeks.
Conventional Therapy (15 minutes per session)
Conventional treatment will be administered prior to manual therapy and will include:
Moist Hot Pack (5 minutes):
A moist hot pack will be applied to the affected shoulder at a comfortable therapeutic temperature. A towel layer will be placed between the hot pack and the skin to prevent burns.
Shoulder Stretching Exercises (10 minutes):
Passive stretching will be performed to improve flexibility, reduce muscle tightness, and enhance shoulder range of motion. Each stretch will be held for 20-30 seconds and repeated 3-5 times. Stretching will include:
Shoulder flexion and extension (supine position)
Shoulder abduction
Shoulder adduction (cross-body stretch)
Internal and external rotation at 90° abduction
Stretching will be performed five sessions per week.
Spencer Technique (20 minutes per session)
Following conventional therapy, the Spencer technique will be administered in seven sequential steps:
Shoulder extension with elbow flexion to the point of restriction
Shoulder flexion with elbow extension
Circumduction with compression at 90° abduction
Circumduction with distraction at 90° abduction
Abduction with internal rotation (hand placed behind hip)
Adduction with external rotation
Stretching with fluid pumping maneuver (5-10 repetitions)
Dosage and Progression:
Frequency: 5 sessions per week
Weeks 1-3: 2 sets of 10 repetitions per step (1-minute rest between sets)
Weeks 4-6: 3 sets of 10 repetitions per step
Total session duration: 35 minutes
5 minutes hot pack
10 minutes stretching
20 minutes Spencer technique
Group B: Mobilization with Movement (MWM) with Conventional Therapy
Participants allocated to Group B will receive Mobilization with Movement combined with conventional physiotherapy for 6 weeks.
Conventional Therapy (15 minutes per session)
The same conventional therapy protocol as Group A will be administered prior to mobilization:
5 minutes moist hot pack
10 minutes passive shoulder stretching
Mobilization with Movement (20 minutes per session)
MWM will be performed in the directions of:
External rotation
Internal rotation
Abduction
Flexion
The participant will be positioned in sitting on a high chair. The therapist will stabilize the shoulder girdle with one hand while applying a sustained glide to the humeral head using the thenar eminence of the other hand. The glide will be maintained perpendicular to the plane of movement and adjusted according to the participant's pain-free direction.
Participants will be instructed to actively move the shoulder through the available range while the glide is sustained. Movement will continue until the onset of pain or discomfort.
Dosage:
3 sets of 10 repetitions
30-second rest between sets
Frequency: 3 sessions per week
Duration: 6 weeks
Total session duration: 35 minutes
5 minutes hot pack
10 minutes stretching
20 minutes mobilization with movement
Detailed description
Study Design and Procedures
This study is a single-blinded, randomized controlled trial designed to compare the effectiveness of the Spencer Technique combined with conventional therapy versus Mobilization with Movement combined with conventional therapy in individuals with shoulder dysfunction.
Screening and Recruitment
Participants who meet the predefined inclusion criteria will be recruited using a purposive sampling technique. Individuals who are readily available and willing to participate will be screened for eligibility.
Eligible participants will be informed about the study objectives, procedures, potential risks, and benefits. Written informed consent will be obtained prior to enrollment.
Sample Size and Allocation
A total sample of 52 participants will be included in the study. After baseline assessment, participants will be randomly allocated into two groups (Group A and Group B) using the lottery method.
Randomization
Randomization will be performed using a simple lottery method to ensure equal allocation into the two intervention groups.
Blinding
This study will follow a single-blinded design. Participants will be blinded to group allocation.
Intervention Duration and Assessment
Both groups will receive treatment for 6 weeks. Sessions will be conducted 3 times per week. Outcome assessments will be performed at baseline and at the end of the 6th week.
Each treatment session for both groups will have a total duration of 35 minutes.
Data will be analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 27.0.
Interventions Group A: Spencer Technique with Conventional Therapy
Participants allocated to Group A will receive the Spencer Technique in combination with conventional physiotherapy.
Conventional Therapy (15 minutes per session)
Moist Hot Pack (5 minutes):
A moist hot pack will be applied to the affected shoulder at a therapeutic temperature, with a towel placed between the pack and the skin.
Shoulder Stretching (10 minutes):
Passive stretching exercises will be performed to improve flexibility and range of motion. Each stretch will be held for 20-30 seconds and repeated 3-5 times. Stretching will include:
Shoulder flexion and extension
Shoulder abduction
Shoulder adduction
Internal and external rotation at 90° abduction
Spencer Technique (20 minutes per session)
The technique will be administered in seven sequential steps:
Shoulder extension with elbow flexion to restriction
Shoulder flexion with elbow extension
Circumduction with compression at 90° abduction
Circumduction with distraction at 90° abduction
Abduction with internal rotation
Adduction with external rotation
Stretching with fluid pumping maneuver (5-10 repetitions)
Dosage progression:
Weeks 1-3: 2 sets of 10 repetitions per step (1-minute rest between sets)
Weeks 4-6: 3 sets of 10 repetitions per step
Total session duration: 35 minutes (5 minutes hot pack, 10 minutes stretching, 20 minutes Spencer technique).
Group B: Mobilization with Movement with Conventional Therapy
Participants allocated to Group B will receive Mobilization with Movement (MWM) combined with conventional physiotherapy.
Conventional Therapy (15 minutes per session)
5 minutes moist hot pack
10 minutes passive shoulder stretching
Mobilization with Movement (20 minutes per session)
Participants will be positioned in sitting. The therapist will stabilize the shoulder girdle with one hand and apply a sustained glide to the humeral head using the thenar eminence of the other hand. The glide will be maintained perpendicular to the plane of movement and adjusted to remain pain-free.
Mobilization will be performed in:
External rotation
Internal rotation
Abduction
Flexion
Participants will actively move the shoulder during sustained glide until the onset of pain or discomfort.
Dosage:
3 sets of 10 repetitions
30-second rest between sets
3 sessions per week for 6 weeks
Total session duration: 35 minutes (5 minutes hot pack, 10 minutes stretching, 20 minutes mobilization).
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (participant)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Spencer technique + conventional physical therapy | Experimental | Other: Spencer technique, Other: conventional physical therapyThe technique will be administered in seven sequential steps: Shoulder extension with elbow flexion to restriction Shoulder flexion with elbow extension Circumduction with compression at 90° abduction Circumduction with distraction at 90° abduction Abduction with internal rotation Adduction with external rotation Stretching with fluid pumping maneuver (5-10 repetitions) Dosage progression: Weeks 1-3: 2 sets of 10 repetitions per step (1-minute rest between sets) Weeks 4-6: 3 sets of 10 repetitions per step Total session duration: 35 minutes (5 minutes hot pack, 10 minutes stretching, 20 minutes Spencer technique). |
| movement with mobilization + conventional physical therapy | Experimental | Other: Movement with mobilization, Other: conventional physical therapyThe technique will be administered in seven sequential steps: Shoulder extension with elbow flexion to restriction Shoulder flexion with elbow extension Circumduction with compression at 90° abduction Circumduction with distraction at 90° abduction Abduction with internal rotation Adduction with external rotation Stretching with fluid pumping maneuver (5-10 repetitions) Dosage progression: Weeks 1-3: 2 sets of 10 repetitions per step (1-minute rest between sets) Weeks 4-6: 3 sets of 10 repetitions per step Total session duration: 35 minutes (5 minutes hot pack, 10 minutes stretching, 20 minutes Spencer technique). |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 30 to 60 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- • Patient from the age of 30 to 60.
Key exclusion criteria (7 listed)
- • Patient with any cardiac problem like myocardial infarction.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Spencer techniqueSpencer Technique (20 minutes per session) The technique will be administered in seven sequential steps: Shoulder extension with elbow flexion to restriction Shoulder flexion with elbow extension Circumduction with compression at 90° abduction Circumduction with distraction at 90° abduction Abduction with internal rotation Adduction with external rotation Stretching with fluid pumping maneuver (5-10 repetitions) Weeks 1-3: 2 sets of 10 repetitions per step (1-minute rest between sets) Weeks 4-6: 3 sets of 10 repetitions per step | Other | Spencer technique + conventional physical therapy |
| Movement with mobilizationMobilization will be performed in: External rotation Internal rotation Abduction Flexion Participants will actively move the shoulder during sustained glide until the onset of pain or discomfort. Dosage: 3 sets of 10 repetitions 30-second rest between sets 3 sessions per week for 6 weeks Conventional Therapy (15 minutes per session) Moist Hot Pack (5 minutes): A moist hot pack will be applied to the affected shoulder at a therapeutic temperature, with a towel placed between the pack and the skin. Shoulder Stretching (10 minutes): Passive stretching exercises will be performed to improve flexibility and range of motion. Each stretch will be held for 20-30 seconds and repeated 3-5 times. Stretching will include: Shoulder flexion and extension Shoulder abduction Shoulder adduction Internal and external rotation at 90° abduction Total session duration: 35 minutes (5 minutes hot pack, 10 minutes stretching, 20 minutes mobilization). | Other | movement with mobilization + conventional physical therapy |
| conventional physical therapyConventional Therapy (15 minutes per session) Moist Hot Pack (5 minutes): A moist hot pack will be applied to the affected shoulder at a therapeutic temperature, with a towel placed between the pack and the skin. Shoulder Stretching (10 minutes): Passive stretching exercises will be performed to improve flexibility and range of motion. Each stretch will be held for 20-30 seconds and repeated 3-5 times. Stretching will include: Shoulder flexion and extension Shoulder abduction Shoulder adduction Internal and external rotation at 90° abduction | Other | Spencer technique + conventional physical therapy, movement with mobilization + conventional physical therapy |
Primary outcome
Pain Intensity (Visual Analogue Scale)
Time frame: baseline, 3rd week , 6th week
Visual Analogue Scale The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) is a subjective measure in which individuals rate their pain on an eleven-point numerical scale. The scale is composed of 0 (no pain at all) to 10 (worst imaginable pain). According to researches VAS shows excellent reliability (0.97 and 0.99, respectively) for the measurement of musculoskeletal pain.
2 secondary outcomes
range of motion
Time frame: baseline, 3rd week, 6th week
for function (DASH)
Time frame: Baseline, 3rd week, 6th week
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 9 Mar 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Asim Arif, PhD scholar principal investigator
University of Lahore
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Spencer technique, Movement with mobilization and conventional physical therapy in people with Rotator Cuff Syndrome, run by University of Lahore at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 7 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 9 Mar 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Pain Intensity (Visual Analogue Scale) (time frame: baseline, 3rd week , 6th week). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 9 Mar 2026.