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Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA)NCT07460336

Effects of Cofrogliptin on Beta-Cell Function in LADA Patients

A study testing Cofrogliptin, Vitamin D3 and Metformin in people with Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA), run by Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University at 1 site in China.

Not yet recruiting

Opening soon. The study is approved but enrolment has not started yet. Sites may already take enquiries.

Sites and contacts
Official record
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Trial summary

This single-center, randomized, open-label, controlled study aims to evaluate the effect of cofrogliptin on pancreatic β-cell function in adults with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA). Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 to 70 years
What is being tested?
Cofrogliptin, Vitamin D3 and Metformin
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
84 participants
Where
1 siteChina
Study dates
15 May 2026to 31 Dec 2027
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
Not yet: the study is under way

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 to 70 years
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • 1. Voluntarily signed informed consent.
  • 2. Age 18 to 70 years, inclusive.
  • 3. Diagnosed with LADA, defined as meeting all of the following:
  • (1) Meets 1999 WHO criteria for diabetes mellitus.
  • (2) Age at diagnosis of diabetes ≥ 18 years.
  • (3) Positive for at least one islet autoantibody (GADA, IA-2A, or ZnT8A).
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  • (4) Did not require continuous insulin therapy for at least 6 months after diagnosis.
  • 4. Stimulated C-peptide ≥ 200 pmol/L.
  • 5. Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) ≤ 9.0%.
  • 6. For women of childbearing potential, must agree to use a highly effective method of contraception throughout the study.

Who cannot join

  • 1. Pregnant, breastfeeding, or planning to become pregnant during the study.
  • 2. Gestational diabetes or other specific types of diabetes.
  • 3. Known hypersensitivity to Cogliptin, Vitamin D3, or their excipients.
  • 4. Use of DPP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists, or thiazolidinediones (TZDs) within 8 weeks prior to randomization.
  • 5. Hypercalcemia (serum calcium above the upper limit of the normal range).
  • 6. Systemic corticosteroid therapy (oral or IV) for more than 7 consecutive days within 6 months prior to screening.
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  • 7. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) > 3 times the upper limit of normal (ULN), or total bilirubin > 2 times ULN.
  • 8. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 45 mL/min/1.73 m².
  • 9. History of acute diabetic complications such as diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) or hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state.
  • 10. History of pancreatitis or pancreatic surgery.
  • 11. New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III or IV congestive heart failure, or known left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 40%.
  • 12. History of malignancy.
  • 13. Severe psychiatric illness.
  • 14. History of alcohol or illicit drug dependence.
  • 15. Any other severe systemic disease that the investigator deems unsuitable for enrollment.

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.

Zhiguang Zhou, MD,PhD contact

+8673185292154

zhouzhiguang@csu.edu.cn

Chuqing Cao, PhD contact

csuccq@163.com

China1 site
  • The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University

    Changsha, Hunan, 410000

    Zhiguang Zhou, MD,PhD, +8673185292154, zhouzhiguang@csu.edu.cn

    Chuqing Cao, PhD, csuccq@163.com

Other trials in China

About this study

Official title: Key Effects of Cofrogliptin on Beta-cell Function in Adults With Latent Autoimmune Diabetes (LADA): A Single-Center, Randomized, Controlled Trial - KOLA Study

This single-center, randomized, open-label, controlled study aims to evaluate the effect of cofrogliptin on pancreatic β-cell function in adults with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA). Following a screening period of up to 6 weeks, 84 eligible participants will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio via a sealed-envelope method, stratified by baseline GADA titer (≥0.3 vs <0.3). Participants will be assigned to one of two treatment arms: (1) metformin (with or without insulin) plus vitamin D3, or (2) metformin (with or without insulin) plus vitamin D3 and cofrogliptin. Cofrogliptin will be administered orally at a dose of 10 mg once every 2 weeks, and vitamin D3 at 2000 IU once daily, for a total treatment duration of 52 weeks. Study visits are planned at baseline and at Weeks 12, 26, 38, and 52, during which mixed-meal tolerance tests (MMTT) and other protocol-specified assessments will be conducted.

Read the detailed description

Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) is a form of autoimmune diabetes characterized by the progressive destruction of pancreatic beta cells. Preclinical and clinical evidence suggests that dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors and vitamin D possess immunomodulatory effects that may help preserve residual beta-cell function. Cofrogliptin is a novel, ultra-long-acting DPP-4 inhibitor.

This study will enroll patients with LADA who will first enter a screening period. Eligible participants will be randomized (1:1) into two parallel arms on Day 1. The experimental group will receive cofrogliptin and vitamin D3 in addition to their background therapy. The active comparator group will receive vitamin D3 plus background therapy. Background therapy includes metformin, with insulin permitted and adjusted per investigator's judgment. Follow-up clinic visits are scheduled at Weeks 12, 26, 38, and 52. Efficacy will be assessed through MMTT-derived C-peptide and glucose measurements, as well as other glycemic indices. Safety will be monitored through the recording of adverse events, laboratory tests, and vital signs throughout the 52-week treatment period.

Being tested
Cofrogliptin, Vitamin D3, Metformin, Insulin
Keywords
LADA, Adult-Onset Autoimmune Diabetes, DPP-4 inhibitor, Beta-cell Function, Randomized Controlled Trial, C-peptide, Vitamin D3, Cofrogliptin
Medical subject headings
Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • CofrogliptinDrug

    5 mg/tablet, oral; 2 tablets (10 mg) once every 2 weeks. Administered from randomization through Week 52.

  • Vitamin D3Drug

    400 IU/capsule, oral; 5 capsules (2000 IU) once daily. Administered from randomization through Week 52.

  • MetforminDrug

    Background therapy. Oral; typical daily dose 1.5 g, adjustable from 1.0 to 1.7 g/day per investigator judgment.

  • InsulinDrug

    Background therapy, as needed. Subcutaneous; individualized daily dose per investigator judgment.

Study groups in NCT07460336
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Cofrogliptin + Vitamin D3 + Background TherapyExperimentalParticipants will receive Cofrogliptin (10 mg orally every 2 weeks) and Vitamin D3 (2000 IU orally once daily), in addition to background therapy consisting of metformin (with or without insulin), over a period of 52 weeks.
Receives: Drug: Cofrogliptin; Drug: Vitamin D3; Drug: Metformin; Drug: Insulin
Vitamin D3 + Background TherapyActive comparatorParticipants will receive Vitamin D3 (2000 IU orally once daily), in addition to background therapy consisting of metformin (with or without insulin), for a total duration of 52 weeks.
Receives: Drug: Vitamin D3; Drug: Metformin; Drug: Insulin

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Change From Baseline in 2-hour Mixed-Meal Tolerance Test (MMTT) C-peptide Area Under the Curve (AUC)

    Change from baseline in the area under the curve from 0 to 120 minutes (AUC0-120) for serum C-peptide during a mixed-meal tolerance test (MMTT), calculated using the trapezoidal rule from C-peptide measured at 0, 60, and 120 minutes.

    Measured: Baseline, Week 52

Secondary outcomes (14)
  1. Change From Baseline in 2-hour MMTT C-peptide AUC at Weeks 12, 26, and 38

    The 2-hour Mixed-Meal Tolerance Test (MMTT) C-peptide Area Under the Curve (AUC) will be calculated using the trapezoidal rule from C-peptide levels measured at 0, 60, and 120 minutes during the MMTT. Change from baseline is defined as the post-baseline value minus the baseline value. This outcome assesses the overall C-peptide response to a standardized meal stimulus.

    Measured: Baseline, Week 12, Week 26, Week 38

  2. Change From Baseline in Fasting C-peptide (FCP)

    Fasting C-peptide (FCP) is measured from a blood sample taken after an overnight fast of at least 8 hours. It reflects the basal insulin secretion capacity of pancreatic β-cells.

    Measured: Baseline, Week 12, Week 26, Week 38, Week 52

  3. Change From Baseline in 60-Minute Post-Meal C-peptide

    Serum C-peptide will be measured at 60 minutes during the mixed-meal tolerance test (MMTT). Change from baseline is defined as the post-baseline 60-minute C-peptide value minus the baseline 60-minute C-peptide value. This measurement assesses the early dynamic response of pancreatic β-cells to a meal stimulus.

    Measured: Baseline, Week 12, Week 26, Week 38, Week 52

  4. Change From Baseline in 120-Minute Post-Meal C-peptide

    Serum C-peptide will be measured at 120 minutes during the mixed-meal tolerance test (MMTT). Change from baseline is defined as the post-baseline 120-minute C-peptide value minus the baseline 120-minute C-peptide value. This measurement assesses the late dynamic response of pancreatic β-cells to a meal stimulus.

    Measured: Baseline, Week 12, Week 26, Week 38, Week 52

  5. Change From Baseline in Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c)

    HbA1c provides an indication of the average blood glucose levels over the preceding 2-3 months. This outcome measures the long-term glycemic control in participants.

    Measured: Baseline, Week 26, Week 52

  6. Proportion of Participants Achieving HbA1c < 7.0%

    The percentage of participants in each group who achieve a target HbA1c level of less than 7.0% (53 mmol/mol), which is a standard therapeutic goal for glycemic control in adults with diabetes.

    Measured: Week 12, Week 26, Week 38, Week 52

  7. Change From Baseline in Mean Daily Insulin Dose

    The change from baseline in the mean daily insulindose will be calculated as units per kilogram per day (u/kg/day), based on data recorded in participant diaries. This outcome is designed to evaluate the effect of the intervention on the requirement for exogenous insulin.

    Measured: Baseline, Week 12, Week 26, Week 38, Week 52

  8. Change From Baseline in Homeostatic Model Assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β)

    HOMA-β is calculated using fasting glucose and fasting C-peptide levels. It provides an estimate of basal pancreatic β-cell function. Change from baseline is defined as the post-baseline value minus the baseline value.

    Measured: Baseline, Week 12, Week 26, Week 38, Week 52

  9. Change From Baseline in Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR)

    HOMA-IR is calculated using fasting glucose and fasting C-peptide levels. It provides an estimate of insulin resistance. Change from baseline is defined as the post-baseline value minus the baseline value.

    Measured: Baseline, Week 12, Week 26, Week 38, Week 52

  10. Change From Baseline in Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Autoantibody (GADA) Titers

    GADA is a marker of the autoimmune process in LADA. Change from baseline is defined as the Week 52 value minus the baseline value. Changes in its titers may reflect modulation of the autoimmune response.

    Measured: Baseline, Week 52

  11. Change From Baseline in Insulinoma-Associated Antigen-2 Autoantibody (IA-2A) Titers

    IA-2A is a marker of the autoimmune process in LADA. Changes in its titers may reflect modulation of the autoimmune response. Change from baseline is defined as the Week 52 value minus the baseline value.

    Measured: Baseline, Week 52

  12. Change From Baseline in Zinc Transporter 8 Autoantibody (ZnT8A) Titers

    ZnT8A is a marker of the autoimmune process in LADA. Changes in its titers may reflect modulation of the autoimmune response. Change from baseline is defined as the Week 52 value minus the baseline value.

    Measured: Baseline, Week 52

  13. Change From Baseline in Body Weight

    Body weight will be measured in kilograms (kg) at scheduled visits. Change from baseline is defined as the post-baseline value minus the baseline value.

    Measured: Baseline, Week 12, Week 26, Week 38, Week 52

  14. Change From Baseline in Body Mass Index (BMI)

    Body Mass Index (BMI) will be calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters (kg/m²) to assess changes in body composition. Change from baseline is defined as the post-baseline value minus the baseline value.

    Measured: Baseline, Week 12, Week 26, Week 38, Week 52

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted10 Mar 2026
  2. Study start15 May 2026 (estimated)
  3. Primary completion31 Dec 2027 (estimated)
  4. Study completion31 Dec 2027 (estimated)

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Model description
A single-center, randomized, open-label, controlled, parallel-group study with a 1:1 allocation ratio.
Masking
None (open label)
Enrolment
84 participants (estimated)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT07460336
Sponsor's protocol ID
KOLA Study
Status last verified
May 2026
First submitted
9 Feb 2026
Last updated
8 May 2026
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
No

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing Cofrogliptin, Vitamin D3 and Metformin in people with Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA), run by Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University at 1 site in China.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 10 inclusion and 15 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: opening soon, as of the sponsor's last update on 8 May 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in China. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

Contact Zhiguang Zhou, MD,PhD (+8673185292154, zhouzhiguang@csu.edu.cn), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Change From Baseline in 2-hour Mixed-Meal Tolerance Test (MMTT) C-peptide Area Under the Curve (AUC) (time frame: Baseline, Week 52). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 8 May 2026.

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