Knee OsteoarthritisNCT07460466
Eccentric Versus Concentric Quadriceps Exercises in Knee Osteoarthritis
A study testing Eccentric Quadriceps Exercise and Concentric Quadriceps Exercise in people with Knee Osteoarthritis, run by Universitas Indonesia at 1 site in Indonesia.
Trial summary
This study aims to compare the effectiveness of eccentric and concentric quadriceps femoris strengthening exercises in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Knee osteoarthritis is a common musculoskeletal condition that causes pain, reduced joint movement, muscle weakness, and functional limitations. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 40 to 59 years, men only
- Conditions the study is for
- Knee Osteoarthritis
- What is being tested?
- Eccentric Quadriceps Exercise and Concentric Quadriceps Exercise
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 24 participants
- Where
- 1 siteIndonesia
- Study dates
- 15 Jul 2024to 21 Nov 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 40 to 59 years
- Men only
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Female participants aged 40-59 years
- Diagnosed with unilateral or bilateral knee osteoarthritis based on American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria and Kellgren-Lawrence grade II-III
- Knee pain lasting more than 3 months with Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) score 1-3
- Limited knee flexion range of motion
Who cannot join
- History of unstable cardiovascular, respiratory, or metabolic disease
- Knee joint instability due to cruciate or collateral ligament laxity or meniscal injury
- Previous knee surgery
- History of knee intra-articular injection within the last 3 months
- Cognitive impairment (Montreal Cognitive Assessment Indonesian Version [MoCA-Ina] score < 26)
- Clinical signs of tendinopathy characterized by pain during active knee extension (open or closed kinetic chain)
- Balance disorders
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Indonesia1 site
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Jakarta, DKI Jakarta, 10430
About this study
Official title: Differences in Improvements of Knee Range of Motion, Muscle Strength, and Functional Capacity Between Eccentric and Concentric Quadriceps Femoris Exercises in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis
This study aims to compare the effectiveness of eccentric and concentric quadriceps femoris strengthening exercises in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Knee osteoarthritis is a common musculoskeletal condition that causes pain, reduced joint movement, muscle weakness, and functional limitations.
Participants will be assigned to perform either eccentric or concentric unilateral open kinetic chain quadriceps exercises using isotonic loading based on a 10-repetition maximum (10-RM). The exercise program will be conducted three times per week for six weeks.
The primary objective is to evaluate differences in quadriceps muscle strength between the two exercise approaches. Secondary outcomes include changes in knee range of motion and functional capacity measured using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). The results of this study are expected to provide evidence to guide exercise prescription in rehabilitation programs for patients with knee osteoarthritis.
Read the detailed description
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a leading cause of pain, disability, and reduced quality of life among older adults. Quadriceps femoris muscle weakness plays a central role in disease progression and functional impairment. Strengthening exercises are recommended as a core component of conservative management; however, the comparative effects of eccentric versus concentric muscle contractions remain incompletely defined.
This interventional comparative study is conducted at the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta. A total of 24 patients diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis based on clinical and radiological criteria are recruited and allocated into two intervention groups.
The Eccentric Exercise Group performs unilateral open kinetic chain full-arc quadriceps exercises emphasizing eccentric contraction using the NK Table. The Concentric Exercise Group performs the same exercise emphasizing concentric contraction. Exercise sessions are conducted three times weekly for six weeks. Intensity is determined using a 10-repetition maximum (10-RM) method. During weeks 1-3, participants perform 3 sets of 6 repetitions; during weeks 4-6, the protocol progresses to 3 sets of 8 repetitions.
Outcome measures include knee range of motion (measured with a goniometer), quadriceps muscle strength (assessed using the NK Table and recorded in kilograms), and functional capacity (evaluated using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index [WOMAC]). Measurements are obtained before and after the six-week intervention.
The study protocol has received ethical approval from the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia - Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital. All participants provide written informed consent prior to participation.
- Conditions
- Knee Osteoarthritis
- Being tested
- Eccentric Quadriceps Exercise, Concentric Quadriceps Exercise
- Keywords
- Knee osteoarthritis, Quadriceps femoris, Eccentric exercise, Concentric exercise, Muscle strength, WOMAC
- Medical subject headings
- Osteoarthritis, Knee
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Eccentric Quadriceps ExerciseOther
Unilateral isotonic quadriceps strengthening emphasizing eccentric contraction using the NK Table, 3 sessions per week for 6 weeks, intensity based on 10-RM. Weeks 1-3: 3 sets of 6 repetitions; Weeks 4-6: 3 sets of 8 repetitions.
Concentric Quadriceps ExerciseOther
Unilateral isotonic quadriceps strengthening emphasizing concentric contraction using the NK Table, 3 sessions per week for 6 weeks, intensity based on 10-RM. Weeks 1-3: 3 sets of 6 repetitions; Weeks 4-6: 3 sets of 8 repetitions.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Eccentric Exercise Group | Experimental | Participants perform unilateral open kinetic chain full-arc quadriceps strengthening exercises emphasizing eccentric contraction using isotonic loading based on a 10-repetition maximum (10-RM), three times weekly for six weeks. Receives: Other: Eccentric Quadriceps Exercise |
| Concentric Exercise Group | Experimental | Participants perform unilateral open kinetic chain full-arc quadriceps strengthening exercises emphasizing concentric contraction using isotonic loading based on a 10-repetition maximum (10-RM), three times weekly for six weeks. Receives: Other: Concentric Quadriceps Exercise |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Change in Quadriceps Muscle Strength
Quadriceps muscle strength measured in kilograms using the 10-repetition maximum (10-RM) method on the NK Table. The outcome is defined as the difference between baseline and post-intervention values at six weeks.
Measured: Baseline and Week 6
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted10 Mar 2026
- Study start15 Jul 2024
- Primary completion13 Jun 2025
- Study completion21 Nov 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Knee OsteoarthritisStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Participants are allocated into two parallel groups performing either eccentric or concentric quadriceps strengthening exercises for six weeks.
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 24 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Universitas Indonesia
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Fally Usman Arif, Universitas Indonesia
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07460466
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 895/UN2.F1/ETIK/PPM.00.02/2024
- Status last verified
- Mar 2026
- First submitted
- 4 Mar 2026
- Last updated
- 11 Mar 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 11 Mar 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Differences in Improvements of Knee Range of Motion, Muscle Strength, and Functional Capacity Between Eccentric and Concentric Quadriceps Femoris Exercises in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07460466
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 895/UN2.F1/ETIK/PPM.00.02/2024
- Conditions
- Knee Osteoarthritis
- Keywords
- Knee osteoarthritis, Quadriceps femoris, Eccentric exercise, Concentric exercise, Muscle strength, WOMAC
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 24 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Universitas IndonesiaUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 15 Jul 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 13 Jun 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 21 Nov 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 10 Mar 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study aims to compare the effectiveness of eccentric and concentric quadriceps femoris strengthening exercises in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Knee osteoarthritis is a common musculoskeletal condition that causes pain, reduced joint movement, muscle weakness, and functional limitations.
Participants will be assigned to perform either eccentric or concentric unilateral open kinetic chain quadriceps exercises using isotonic loading based on a 10-repetition maximum (10-RM). The exercise program will be conducted three times per week for six weeks.
The primary objective is to evaluate differences in quadriceps muscle strength between the two exercise approaches. Secondary outcomes include changes in knee range of motion and functional capacity measured using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). The results of this study are expected to provide evidence to guide exercise prescription in rehabilitation programs for patients with knee osteoarthritis.
Detailed description
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a leading cause of pain, disability, and reduced quality of life among older adults. Quadriceps femoris muscle weakness plays a central role in disease progression and functional impairment. Strengthening exercises are recommended as a core component of conservative management; however, the comparative effects of eccentric versus concentric muscle contractions remain incompletely defined.
This interventional comparative study is conducted at the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta. A total of 24 patients diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis based on clinical and radiological criteria are recruited and allocated into two intervention groups.
The Eccentric Exercise Group performs unilateral open kinetic chain full-arc quadriceps exercises emphasizing eccentric contraction using the NK Table. The Concentric Exercise Group performs the same exercise emphasizing concentric contraction. Exercise sessions are conducted three times weekly for six weeks. Intensity is determined using a 10-repetition maximum (10-RM) method. During weeks 1-3, participants perform 3 sets of 6 repetitions; during weeks 4-6, the protocol progresses to 3 sets of 8 repetitions.
Outcome measures include knee range of motion (measured with a goniometer), quadriceps muscle strength (assessed using the NK Table and recorded in kilograms), and functional capacity (evaluated using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index [WOMAC]). Measurements are obtained before and after the six-week intervention.
The study protocol has received ethical approval from the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia - Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital. All participants provide written informed consent prior to participation.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Participants are allocated into two parallel groups performing either eccentric or concentric quadriceps strengthening exercises for six weeks.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Eccentric Exercise Group | Experimental | Other: Eccentric Quadriceps ExerciseParticipants perform unilateral open kinetic chain full-arc quadriceps strengthening exercises emphasizing eccentric contraction using isotonic loading based on a 10-repetition maximum (10-RM), three times weekly for six weeks. |
| Concentric Exercise Group | Experimental | Other: Concentric Quadriceps ExerciseParticipants perform unilateral open kinetic chain full-arc quadriceps strengthening exercises emphasizing concentric contraction using isotonic loading based on a 10-repetition maximum (10-RM), three times weekly for six weeks. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 40 to 59 years
- Sex
- Male only
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Female participants aged 40-59 years
- Diagnosed with unilateral or bilateral knee osteoarthritis based on American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria and Kellgren-Lawrence grade II-III
- Knee pain lasting more than 3 months with Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) score 1-3
- Limited knee flexion range of motion
Key exclusion criteria (7 listed)
- History of unstable cardiovascular, respiratory, or metabolic disease
- Knee joint instability due to cruciate or collateral ligament laxity or meniscal injury
- Previous knee surgery
- History of knee intra-articular injection within the last 3 months
- Cognitive impairment (Montreal Cognitive Assessment Indonesian Version [MoCA-Ina] score < 26)
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Eccentric Quadriceps ExerciseUnilateral isotonic quadriceps strengthening emphasizing eccentric contraction using the NK Table, 3 sessions per week for 6 weeks, intensity based on 10-RM. Weeks 1-3: 3 sets of 6 repetitions; Weeks 4-6: 3 sets of 8 repetitions. | Other | Eccentric Exercise Group |
| Concentric Quadriceps ExerciseUnilateral isotonic quadriceps strengthening emphasizing concentric contraction using the NK Table, 3 sessions per week for 6 weeks, intensity based on 10-RM. Weeks 1-3: 3 sets of 6 repetitions; Weeks 4-6: 3 sets of 8 repetitions. | Other | Concentric Exercise Group |
Primary outcome
Change in Quadriceps Muscle Strength
Time frame: Baseline and Week 6
Quadriceps muscle strength measured in kilograms using the 10-repetition maximum (10-RM) method on the NK Table. The outcome is defined as the difference between baseline and post-intervention values at six weeks.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 11 Mar 2026.
Related trials for Knee Osteoarthritis
Not yet recruiting
Opioid Reduction and Enhanced Recovery in Orthopaedic Surgery (OREOS)-Knee
Knee Arthroplasty, Total, Partial Knee Arthroplasty
Active, not recruiting
SakuraBead Used as Resorbable Embolic for Genicular Artery Embolization
Osteo Arthritis Knee, Joint Diseases
RecruitingPhase 2
Genicular Artery Embolization for Reducing Pain in Medically Refractory Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis
Knee Osteoarthritis, Knee Osteoarthritis (Knee OA)
Not yet recruiting
Comparison of High-Intensity and Conventional Physical Therapy in Musculoskeletal Disorders
Low Back Pain, Radicular Syndrome
Recruiting
The Effect of Different Exercise Training Programs on Muscle Oxygenation in Individuals With Knee Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis of Knee
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Eccentric Quadriceps Exercise and Concentric Quadriceps Exercise in people with Knee Osteoarthritis, run by Universitas Indonesia at 1 site in Indonesia.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 7 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 11 Mar 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Indonesia. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Change in Quadriceps Muscle Strength (time frame: Baseline and Week 6). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 11 Mar 2026.