StrokeNCT07487207
Effects of Augmented Reality Functional Integrated Training (AR-FIT) on Balance and Mobility in Stroke
A study testing Augmented Reality-Functional Integrated Training (AR-FIT) Group, Augmented Reality-Generic Balance Training (GBT) Group and Conventional Balance Training (CBT) Group in people with Stroke, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
The present study aims to develop and validate an evidence-based functional balance task library for Augmented Reality-Functional Integrated Training (AR-FIT), incorporating standardized real-object integration through expert consensus and pilot usability testing. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 40 to 70 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Stroke
- What is being tested?
- Augmented Reality-Functional Integrated Training (AR-FIT) Group, Augmented Reality-Generic Balance Training (GBT) Group and Conventional Balance Training (CBT) Group
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 78 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- Mar 2026to 20 Dec 2027
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 40 to 70 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Adults aged 40-70 years with first-ever ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke (>3 months post-onset).
- Cognitive ability: MMSE > 24.
- No or mild spasticity in upper/lower limb MAS ≤ 2
- Functional Ambulation Category (FAC) ≥ 3.
- Berg Balance Scale (BBS) 20-40 (to avoid floor/ceiling effects).
- Ability to walk 10 meters independently
- Willingness to provide informed consent and participate regularly.
Who cannot join
- Severe musculoskeletal or neurological comorbidities (e.g., contractures, Parkinson's disease).
- Severe visual, neglect, or communication impairments.
- Uncontrolled systemic illness or unstable cardiovascular condition.
- Participation in another interventional trial within the last 3 months.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Pakistan1 site
Railway General Hospital, Rawalpindi
Rawalpindi, Punjab Province, 44000
Abrish Habib Abbasi, PhD* Rehab, 923155311799, abrish.habib@riphah.edu.pk
Arshad Nawaz Malik, PhD Rehab, 923334503754, arshad.nawaz@riphah.edu.pk
About this study
The present study aims to develop and validate an evidence-based functional balance task library for Augmented Reality-Functional Integrated Training (AR-FIT), incorporating standardized real-object integration through expert consensus and pilot usability testing. Furthermore, the study seeks to determine the effects of AR-FIT on balance and functional mobility in stroke survivors in comparison to conventional Augmented Reality \& task oriented training over an eight-week intervention period. In addition, it intends to evaluate participant motivation, engagement, and perceived task realism during AR-FIT using structured questionnaires and post-intervention interviews, thereby examining both clinical effectiveness and user-centered experience outcomes.
Read the detailed description
Stroke remains a leading cause of long-term disability, with its burden rising sharply in low- and middle-income countries such as Pakistan. Despite advances in acute care, many survivors continue to experience persistent balance and mobility impairments that limit independence. While augmented reality (AR) based rehabilitation has shown promise in improving motor recovery and engagement, current AR systems often emphasize generalized or gamified tasks, offering limited opportunities for practicing functionally relevant, real-world movements. Therefore, the current study introduces an Augmented Reality-Functional Interactive Training (AR-FIT), designed to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of combining AR-guided feedback with real-object manipulation for post-stroke balance training. The objectives are threefold: first, to determine the feasibility and usability of AR-FIT as a balance training platform; second, to assess its impact on postural control, balance, and functional mobility compared to conventional AR training; and third, to explore patient motivation and engagement associated with tangible, ecologically valid tasks. By enhancing realism, sensory engagement, and functional relevance, this approach is expected to bridge the existing gap between digital rehabilitation technologies and the real-world demands of stroke recovery.
- Conditions
- Stroke
- Being tested
- Augmented Reality-Functional Integrated Training (AR-FIT) Group, Augmented Reality-Generic Balance Training (GBT) Group, Conventional Balance Training (CBT) Group
- Keywords
- Augmented Reality Rehabilitation, Balance Training, Functional Mobility, Stroke Rehabilitation, Tasks- Oriented training, Technology Assisted training
- Medical subject headings
- Stroke
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Augmented Reality-Functional Integrated Training (AR-FIT) GroupOther
Each participant will receive a standardized intervention program consisting of 24 supervised training sessions delivered over 8 consecutive weeks (3 sessions per week, approximately 45 minutes per session). All sessions will follow a structured format including a 5-7 minute warm-up phase, a 30-35 minute task-specific training phase, and a 5-6 minute cool-down period.
In Augmented Reality-Functional Integrated Training (AR-FIT) Group, participants will perform structured functional balance tasks integrating augmented reality with standardized real objects (e.g., chair, step, cup, basket, Swiss ball). Exercises will target lower limb motor control, dynamic balance, trunk stability, and task-oriented mobility. The task library will consist of progressively graded functional balance tasks.
Augmented Reality-Generic Balance Training (GBT) GroupOther
In the AR- based Generic AR Balance Training Group, participants will undergo augmented reality-based balance training without real-object integration. The intervention will include AR-guided weight shifting, virtual stepping, diagonal reaching, trunk control tasks, and tool-based stability exercises (e.g., virtual ball reaching, wobble-board simulations). Exercises will be selected from a structured pool of balance and mobility activities and will be progressed through virtual task difficulty, speed modulation, range of motion, and repetition parameters tailored to the participant's functional level.
Conventional Balance Training (CBT) GroupOther
In the Conventional Training Group, participants will receive therapist-guided task-oriented balance training based on standard neurorehabilitation principles. Exercises will include sit-to-stand practice, stepping and step-up training, weight shifting, lunges, trunk rotation, reaching activities, and functional mobility drills using real objects without augmented reality support. Task selection and progression will be individualized according to the participant's baseline motor function and clinical progress, with adjustments made in task complexity, repetitions, external support, and environmental challenge.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| AR Functional Integrated Training (AR-FIT) Group | Experimental | In Augmented Reality-Functional Integrated Training (AR-FIT) Group, participants will perform structured functional balance tasks integrating augmented reality with standardized real objects (e.g., chair, step, cup, basket, Swiss ball). Exercises will target lower limb motor control, dynamic balance, trunk stability, and task-oriented mobility. The task library will consist of progressively graded functional balance tasks. Receives: Other: Augmented Reality-Functional Integrated Training (AR-FIT) Group |
| AR Generic Balance Training (AR-GBT) Group | Active comparator | In the AR- based Generic AR Balance Training Group, participants will undergo augmented reality-based balance training without real-object integration. The intervention will include AR-guided weight shifting, virtual stepping, diagonal reaching, trunk control tasks, and tool-based stability exercises (e.g., virtual ball reaching, wobble-board simulations). Exercises will be selected from a structured pool of balance and mobility activities and will be progressed through virtual task difficulty, speed modulation, range of motion, and repetition parameters tailored to the participant's functional level. Receives: Other: Augmented Reality-Generic Balance Training (GBT) Group |
| Conventional Balance Training (CBT) Group | Active comparator | In the Conventional Training Group, participants will receive therapist-guided task-oriented balance training based on standard neurorehabilitation principles. Exercises will include sit-to-stand practice, stepping and step-up training, weight shifting, lunges, trunk rotation, reaching activities, and functional mobility drills using real objects without augmented reality support. Task selection and progression will be individualized according to the participant's baseline motor function and clinical progress, with adjustments made in task complexity, repetitions, external support, and environmental challenge. Receives: Other: Conventional Balance Training (CBT) Group |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Berg Balance Scale (BBS)
The Berg Balance Scale (BBS) is a widely used performance-based clinical measure for assessing functional balance in individuals with neurological conditions, including stroke. It consists of 14 tasks that evaluate static and dynamic balance abilities during common functional activities such as sitting, standing, reaching, turning, and transfers. Each item is scored on a 5-point ordinal scale ranging from 0 (unable to perform) to 4 (independent performance), with a maximum total score of 56 indicating better balance performance. The BBS demonstrates strong validity and high inter-rater and test-retest reliability and is commonly used to assess balance impairment and monitor rehabilitation outcomes in stroke populations.
Measured: Baseline-4 Weeks-8 Week-3 Months Follow Up
Timed Up & Go (TUG)
The Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) is a simple and widely used clinical test for assessing functional mobility and dynamic balance. The test measures the time (in seconds) required for an individual to stand up from a chair, walk 3 meters, turn around, walk back to the chair, and sit down. Shorter completion times indicate better functional mobility. Typical interpretation suggests that <10 seconds represents normal mobility, 10-20 seconds indicates variable mobility, and ≥14 seconds is commonly considered a threshold for increased fall risk in individuals with stroke. The TUG has demonstrated strong test-retest and inter-rater reliability in stroke populations and is frequently used in rehabilitation research to evaluate mobility and fall risk. Instrumented versions of the TUG (iTUG) have also shown improved predictive capabilities and good psychometric properties.
Measured: Baseline-4 Weeks-8 Week-3 Months Follow Up
Balance Evaluation Systems Test (Mini-BESTest)
The Mini-BESTest (Mini Balance Evaluation Systems Test) is a performance-based clinical assessment used to evaluate dynamic balance and postural control. It assesses four key balance control systems: anticipatory postural adjustments, reactive postural control, sensory orientation, and dynamic gait. The test consists of 14 items scored on a 3-point ordinal scale (0-2), with a maximum score of 28 indicating better balance performance. The Mini-BESTest has demonstrated good construct validity and excellent inter-rater and test-retest reliability in individuals with neurological conditions, including stroke, and is widely used to assess balance impairments and monitor rehabilitation outcomes.
Measured: Baseline-4 Weeks-8 Week-3 Months Follow Up
FUGL Meyer (Lower limb)
The Lower Extremity component of the Fugl-Meyer Assessment Lower Extremity (FMA-LE) is a stroke-specific, performance-based clinical assessment used to evaluate motor recovery of the lower limb following stroke. It measures key domains including voluntary movement within and out of synergy patterns, coordination, and reflex activity. The scale consists of multiple items scored on a 3-point ordinal scale (0 = cannot perform, 1 = performs partially, 2 = performs fully), with a maximum score of 34 indicating better lower extremity motor function. The instrument demonstrates strong construct validity and excellent reliability (r ≈ 0.99) for assessing post-stroke motor impairment and is widely used in clinical and research settings to monitor motor recovery and treatment outcomes.
Measured: Baseline-4 Weeks-8 Week-3 Months Follow Up
Secondary outcomes (2)
User Engagement Questionnaire (UEQ)
The User Engagement Questionnaire (UEQ) is a standardized self-report instrument used to assess user engagement and overall user experience with interactive systems and digital applications. The questionnaire evaluates multiple dimensions of engagement, including usability, attractiveness, efficiency, stimulation, and novelty of the system. Items are rated on a Likert-type scale, and scores are analyzed to determine users' perceived satisfaction, motivation, and interaction quality with the technology. The UEQ has been widely used in digital health and rehabilitation technology research to evaluate user acceptance, engagement, and usability of technology-based interventions.
Measured: 8 Weeks
Stroke Impact Scale (SIS v3.0)
The Stroke Impact Scale is a stroke-specific, patient-reported outcome measure used to assess the multidimensional impact of stroke on health-related quality of life. The instrument evaluates eight domains including strength, hand function, mobility, activities of daily living (ADL/IADL), memory and thinking, communication, emotion, and participation. Items are rated on a 5-point Likert scale, with scores transformed to a 0-100 scale, where higher scores indicate better perceived function and quality of life. The SIS v3.0 has demonstrated strong validity, responsiveness, and high reliability in individuals with stroke and is widely used in clinical research to evaluate patient-centered outcomes following rehabilitation interventions.
Measured: Baseline-4 Weeks-8 Week-3 Months Follow Up
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted23 Mar 2026
- Study startMar 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion20 Dec 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion20 Dec 2027 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for StrokeStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Riphah International UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 78 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Abrish Habib Abbasi, Phd* Rehab, Principal investigator, Riphah International Unversity
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07487207
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- REC/PhD/011107
- Status last verified
- Mar 2026
- First submitted
- 17 Mar 2026
- Last updated
- 23 Mar 2026
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 23 Mar 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effects of Augmented Reality Functional Integrated Training (AR-FIT) on Balance and Mobility in Stroke
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07487207
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- REC/PhD/011107
- Conditions
- Stroke
- Keywords
- Augmented Reality Rehabilitation, Balance Training, Functional Mobility, Stroke Rehabilitation, Tasks- Oriented training, Technology Assisted training
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Not yet recruiting
- Enrolment
- 78 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- Mar 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- 20 Dec 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 20 Dec 2027 (estimated)
- First posted
- 23 Mar 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The present study aims to develop and validate an evidence-based functional balance task library for Augmented Reality-Functional Integrated Training (AR-FIT), incorporating standardized real-object integration through expert consensus and pilot usability testing. Furthermore, the study seeks to determine the effects of AR-FIT on balance and functional mobility in stroke survivors in comparison to conventional Augmented Reality \& task oriented training over an eight-week intervention period. In addition, it intends to evaluate participant motivation, engagement, and perceived task realism during AR-FIT using structured questionnaires and post-intervention interviews, thereby examining both clinical effectiveness and user-centered experience outcomes.
Detailed description
Stroke remains a leading cause of long-term disability, with its burden rising sharply in low- and middle-income countries such as Pakistan. Despite advances in acute care, many survivors continue to experience persistent balance and mobility impairments that limit independence. While augmented reality (AR) based rehabilitation has shown promise in improving motor recovery and engagement, current AR systems often emphasize generalized or gamified tasks, offering limited opportunities for practicing functionally relevant, real-world movements. Therefore, the current study introduces an Augmented Reality-Functional Interactive Training (AR-FIT), designed to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of combining AR-guided feedback with real-object manipulation for post-stroke balance training. The objectives are threefold: first, to determine the feasibility and usability of AR-FIT as a balance training platform; second, to assess its impact on postural control, balance, and functional mobility compared to conventional AR training; and third, to explore patient motivation and engagement associated with tangible, ecologically valid tasks. By enhancing realism, sensory engagement, and functional relevance, this approach is expected to bridge the existing gap between digital rehabilitation technologies and the real-world demands of stroke recovery.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 3
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| AR Functional Integrated Training (AR-FIT) Group | Experimental | Other: Augmented Reality-Functional Integrated Training (AR-FIT) GroupIn Augmented Reality-Functional Integrated Training (AR-FIT) Group, participants will perform structured functional balance tasks integrating augmented reality with standardized real objects (e.g., chair, step, cup, basket, Swiss ball). Exercises will target lower limb motor control, dynamic balance, trunk stability, and task-oriented mobility. The task library will consist of progressively graded functional balance tasks. |
| AR Generic Balance Training (AR-GBT) Group | Active comparator | Other: Augmented Reality-Generic Balance Training (GBT) GroupIn the AR- based Generic AR Balance Training Group, participants will undergo augmented reality-based balance training without real-object integration. The intervention will include AR-guided weight shifting, virtual stepping, diagonal reaching, trunk control tasks, and tool-based stability exercises (e.g., virtual ball reaching, wobble-board simulations). Exercises will be selected from a structured pool of balance and mobility activities and will be progressed through virtual task difficulty, speed modulation, range of motion, and repetition parameters tailored to the participant's functional level. |
| Conventional Balance Training (CBT) Group | Active comparator | Other: Conventional Balance Training (CBT) GroupIn the Conventional Training Group, participants will receive therapist-guided task-oriented balance training based on standard neurorehabilitation principles. Exercises will include sit-to-stand practice, stepping and step-up training, weight shifting, lunges, trunk rotation, reaching activities, and functional mobility drills using real objects without augmented reality support. Task selection and progression will be individualized according to the participant's baseline motor function and clinical progress, with adjustments made in task complexity, repetitions, external support, and environmental challenge. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 40 to 70 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (7 listed)
- Adults aged 40-70 years with first-ever ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke (>3 months post-onset).
- Cognitive ability: MMSE > 24.
- No or mild spasticity in upper/lower limb MAS ≤ 2
- Functional Ambulation Category (FAC) ≥ 3.
- Berg Balance Scale (BBS) 20-40 (to avoid floor/ceiling effects).
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Severe musculoskeletal or neurological comorbidities (e.g., contractures, Parkinson's disease).
- Severe visual, neglect, or communication impairments.
- Uncontrolled systemic illness or unstable cardiovascular condition.
- Participation in another interventional trial within the last 3 months.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Augmented Reality-Functional Integrated Training (AR-FIT) GroupEach participant will receive a standardized intervention program consisting of 24 supervised training sessions delivered over 8 consecutive weeks (3 sessions per week, approximately 45 minutes per session). All sessions will follow a structured format including a 5-7 minute warm-up phase, a 30-35 minute task-specific training phase, and a 5-6 minute cool-down period. In Augmented Reality-Functional Integrated Training (AR-FIT) Group, participants will perform structured functional balance tasks integrating augmented reality with standardized real objects (e.g., chair, step, cup, basket, Swiss ball). Exercises will target lower limb motor control, dynamic balance, trunk stability, and task-oriented mobility. The task library will consist of progressively graded functional balance tasks. | Other | AR Functional Integrated Training (AR-FIT) Group |
| Augmented Reality-Generic Balance Training (GBT) GroupIn the AR- based Generic AR Balance Training Group, participants will undergo augmented reality-based balance training without real-object integration. The intervention will include AR-guided weight shifting, virtual stepping, diagonal reaching, trunk control tasks, and tool-based stability exercises (e.g., virtual ball reaching, wobble-board simulations). Exercises will be selected from a structured pool of balance and mobility activities and will be progressed through virtual task difficulty, speed modulation, range of motion, and repetition parameters tailored to the participant's functional level. | Other | AR Generic Balance Training (AR-GBT) Group |
| Conventional Balance Training (CBT) GroupIn the Conventional Training Group, participants will receive therapist-guided task-oriented balance training based on standard neurorehabilitation principles. Exercises will include sit-to-stand practice, stepping and step-up training, weight shifting, lunges, trunk rotation, reaching activities, and functional mobility drills using real objects without augmented reality support. Task selection and progression will be individualized according to the participant's baseline motor function and clinical progress, with adjustments made in task complexity, repetitions, external support, and environmental challenge. | Other | Conventional Balance Training (CBT) Group |
Primary outcome
Berg Balance Scale (BBS)
Time frame: Baseline-4 Weeks-8 Week-3 Months Follow Up
The Berg Balance Scale (BBS) is a widely used performance-based clinical measure for assessing functional balance in individuals with neurological conditions, including stroke. It consists of 14 tasks that evaluate static and dynamic balance abilities during common functional activities such as sitting, standing, reaching, turning, and transfers. Each item is scored on a 5-point ordinal scale ranging from 0 (unable to perform) to 4 (independent performance), with a maximum total score of 56 indicating better balance performance. The BBS demonstrates strong validity and high inter-rater and test-retest reliability and is commonly used to assess balance impairment and monitor rehabilitation outcomes in stroke populations.
Timed Up & Go (TUG)
Time frame: Baseline-4 Weeks-8 Week-3 Months Follow Up
The Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) is a simple and widely used clinical test for assessing functional mobility and dynamic balance. The test measures the time (in seconds) required for an individual to stand up from a chair, walk 3 meters, turn around, walk back to the chair, and sit down. Shorter completion times indicate better functional mobility. Typical interpretation suggests that <10 seconds represents normal mobility, 10-20 seconds indicates variable mobility, and ≥14 seconds is commonly considered a threshold for increased fall risk in individuals with stroke. The TUG has demonstrated strong test-retest and inter-rater reliability in stroke populations and is frequently used in rehabilitation research to evaluate mobility and fall risk. Instrumented versions of the TUG (iTUG) have also shown improved predictive capabilities and good psychometric properties.
Balance Evaluation Systems Test (Mini-BESTest)
Time frame: Baseline-4 Weeks-8 Week-3 Months Follow Up
The Mini-BESTest (Mini Balance Evaluation Systems Test) is a performance-based clinical assessment used to evaluate dynamic balance and postural control. It assesses four key balance control systems: anticipatory postural adjustments, reactive postural control, sensory orientation, and dynamic gait. The test consists of 14 items scored on a 3-point ordinal scale (0-2), with a maximum score of 28 indicating better balance performance. The Mini-BESTest has demonstrated good construct validity and excellent inter-rater and test-retest reliability in individuals with neurological conditions, including stroke, and is widely used to assess balance impairments and monitor rehabilitation outcomes.
FUGL Meyer (Lower limb)
Time frame: Baseline-4 Weeks-8 Week-3 Months Follow Up
The Lower Extremity component of the Fugl-Meyer Assessment Lower Extremity (FMA-LE) is a stroke-specific, performance-based clinical assessment used to evaluate motor recovery of the lower limb following stroke. It measures key domains including voluntary movement within and out of synergy patterns, coordination, and reflex activity. The scale consists of multiple items scored on a 3-point ordinal scale (0 = cannot perform, 1 = performs partially, 2 = performs fully), with a maximum score of 34 indicating better lower extremity motor function. The instrument demonstrates strong construct validity and excellent reliability (r ≈ 0.99) for assessing post-stroke motor impairment and is widely used in clinical and research settings to monitor motor recovery and treatment outcomes.
2 secondary outcomes
User Engagement Questionnaire (UEQ)
Time frame: 8 Weeks
Stroke Impact Scale (SIS v3.0)
Time frame: Baseline-4 Weeks-8 Week-3 Months Follow Up
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 23 Mar 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Abrish Habib Abbasi, Phd* Rehab principal investigator
Riphah International Unversity
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Augmented Reality-Functional Integrated Training (AR-FIT) Group, Augmented Reality-Generic Balance Training (GBT) Group and Conventional Balance Training (CBT) Group in people with Stroke, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 7 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: opening soon, as of the sponsor's last update on 23 Mar 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Arshad Nawaz Malik, PhD Rehab (03334503754, arshad.nawaz@riphah.edu.pk), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Berg Balance Scale (BBS) (time frame: Baseline-4 Weeks-8 Week-3 Months Follow Up). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 23 Mar 2026.