StrokeNCT07512739
A Sitting Tai Chi Programme for Chronic Stroke Survivors With Post-stroke Cognitive Impairment
A study testing Tai Chi in people with Stroke and Cognitive Impairment, run by Chinese University of Hong Kong at 1 site in China.
Trial summary
Introduction Stroke remains the third leading cause of death and disability combined. Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is a common neurological sequela that may affect up to 80% of stroke survivors. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Stroke, Cognitive Impairment
- What is being tested?
- Tai Chi
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 176 participants
- Where
- 1 siteChina
- Study dates
- 20 Oct 2025to 31 Aug 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Individuals who meet the following criteria will be recruited: i. aged 18 years or above; ii. have been admitted to a hospital with a clinical diagnosis of first or recurrent ischaemic or haemorrhagic stroke, and meet the diagnostic criteria of PSCI (classified according to DSM-5 criteria); iii. in the chronic stage of stroke; iv. MoCA score: 19-25 (two points are added if the individual has ≤ 6 years of education; one point is added if the individual has > 6 and ≤ 12 years of education, no points are added for the individual with > 12 years of education); v. be able to sit independently with or without sitters; vi. be able to use and raise at least one arm while sitting (upper extremity muscle strength ≥ Ⅲ); vii. have a primary caregiver (a paid or unpaid person who provides most assistance to the stroke survivor); viii. be able to communicate in Chinese and provide informed consent; ix. is currently hospitalised in this geriatric rehabilitation ward and unlikely to be discharged within 3 months.
- age ≥ 18 years; ii. be able to communicate in Chinese and provide informed consent; iii. medically stable and physically able to provide support.
Who cannot join
- Individuals will be excluded if other causes of cognitive impairment are present, such as Alzheimer's disease, acquired immune deficiency syndrome, a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score >16, severe hearing or visual impairment, severe complications following a stroke (e.g., limited comprehension and receptive aphasia, venous thrombosis), a history of severe medical conditions or current serious illnesses (e.g. myocardial infarction, use of a cardiac pacemaker or a defibrillator, organ failure, malignancy, mental diseases, other neurological diseases such as multiple sclerosis or Parkinson's disease, having received thrombolytic therapy or surgery, joint replacement surgeries or fractures within the past six months), pregnant or lactating women; prior regular (at least three times/week) Tai Chi practice or other mind-body exercises (e.g., Yoga, Qigong, Ba Duanjin, or mindfulness training) within the past six months; and those participating in other clinical trials that might influence this study.
- impaired cognitive functions (Abbreviated Mental Test, AMT ≤ 7); ii. being a medical resident/trainee or a physical therapist; iii. having prior regular (at least three times/week) Tai Chi practice or other mind-body exercises (e.g., Yoga, Qigong, Ba Duanjin, or mindfulness training) within the past six months; iv. participating in other clinical trials that might influence affect this study.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
China1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
The Second People's Hospital of Kunming
Kunming, Yunnan, 650000
Jinping Shi, Bachelor, +86-13708846854, 412482097@qq.com
About this study
Official title: Effects of a Sitting Tai Chi Programme for Chronic Stroke Survivors With Post-stroke Cognitive Impairment: A Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial
Introduction Stroke remains the third leading cause of death and disability combined. Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is a common neurological sequela that may affect up to 80% of stroke survivors. Several systematic reviews and studies indicated that Tai Chi benefits patients with mild cognitive impairment, leading to significant improvement in cognitive function.
Our previous study adopted a tailored sitting Tai Chi programme for the rehabilitation of subacute stroke survivors without any cognitive impairment. The results of the randomised controlled trial (RCT) showed that upper limb function, balance control, ADL, depressive symptoms, and QoL were significantly improved compared to the control group. To better understand the usefulness of the sitting Tai Chi programme for chronic stroke survivors with cognitive impairment and how it might affect other rehabilitation outcomes, this study was proposed to examine its feasibility and preliminary effectiveness.
Read more
Methods An outcome assessor-blinded RCT will be conducted. Participants will be randomised with a 1:1 allocation ratio to either the intervention group or the waiting list control group. A total number of 88 dyads (176 participants) including 44 stroke survivors and 44 caregivers will be recruited in each group.
For the qualitative part, a purposive sample of 30 stroke survivors with low, medium and high satisfaction scores will be invited.
Intervention Sitting Tai Chi group: Participants in the sitting Tai Chi group will receive 12 weeks of 10-form sitting Tai Chi exercise training with a frequency of three days a week and 40 minutes a day, including 5 minutes warm-up, 30 minutes Tai Chi training, and 5 minutes cool-down. A registered nurse (RN) with experience with Tai Chi training and who participated in our previous study will lead the training session. The RN will receive refresher training in sitting Tai Chi and learn the basics about the condition of PSCI and the characteristics of survivors with PSCI.
Control group: Participants in the control group will receive usual care. That is, regular inpatient treatment and care, without additional rehabilitation treatment. At the end of the intervention follow-up assessment, they will be invited to participate in the sitting Tai Chi exercise led by the same nurse as well.
Assessment and measurement Primary outcomes include cognitive function, upper limb function, balance control, and depressive symptoms. They will be assessed at baseline, eight weeks, and 12 weeks after the commencement of the sitting Tai Chi training by validated scales.
- Cognitive function will be measured using the MoCA scale.
- Upper limb function will be measured using Fugl-Meyer Test Upper Limb section and Wolf Motor Function Test
- Balance control will be measured using the Berg Balance Scale and the Trunk Impairment Scale
- Depressive symptoms will be measured by the 15 items Geriatric Depression Scale short form.
- The Modified Barthel Index will be used to assess ADL.
- QoL will be assessed using the Chinese version of Stroke-Specific Quality of Life Scale.
Feasibility and Acceptability This pilot RCT evaluates the feasibility of the sitting Tai Chi programme. Feasibility is evaluated based on recruitment and retention rates from baseline to follow-up. All participants will be invited to fill in a satisfaction survey with the sitting Tai Chi programme and the usefulness of its components.
Satisfaction A self-developed User Satisfaction Questionnaire (USQ) will be used to assess stroke survivors' satisfaction in terms of usability, acceptability, and applicability.
Adverse events measurements Any unexpected adverse events during the intervention period will be monitored. Semi-structured interview We will conduct semi-structured in-depth interviews using a pre-designed semi-structured interview guide.
Ethical considerations Ethical approval will be applied from the Joint Chinese University of Hong Kong- New Territories East Cluster Clinical Research Ethics Committee and the study hospital's research ethics committee. Written consent will be obtained from the eligible participants.
Data collection, consent, and sample storage A sociodemographic and clinical data sheet will be used to record the corresponding information. The research assistants will screen potentially eligible participants by daily reviewing the medical records of all stroke survivors admitted to the study venues.
Data processing and analysis Statistics analysis will be conducted using the IBM SPSS version 29.0. All primary analyses will be conducted on an intention-to-treat basis. Descriptive statistics will be used. A generalized estimating equations (GEE) model will be employed to compare differential change of each of the primary and secondary outcomes across the study time points between the two groups.
Content analysis will be used to analyse the qualitative data from the participants.
- Conditions
- Stroke, Cognitive Impairment
- Being tested
- Tai Chi
- Medical subject headings
- Stroke, Cognitive Dysfunction
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Tai ChiOther
Five series of sitting Tai Chi exercises for stroke survivors with physical impairments, each with a target of strengthening the muscles for upper limb function and balance while taking into consideration survivors' physical limitations, were developed. Series 1 consisted of a 10-form sitting Tai Chi adapted from the 10-form Yang-style Wheelchair Tai Chi, which was offered for stroke survivors with minor weakness (upper limbs' muscle strength: 4 or 5). Series 2 to 5 were also ready to cater to the needs of stroke survivors with hemiparesis or hemiplegia (upper limbs' muscle strength: ≤3).
Caregivers will be involved to ensure the safety of stroke participants, encourage their participation, and supervise them. Adherence to the treatment protocol will be recorded by a research assistant.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Sitting Tai Chi group | Experimental | Participants in the sitting Tai Chi group will receive 12 weeks of 10-form sitting Tai Chi exercise training with a frequency of three days a week and 40 minutes a day, including 5 minutes warm-up, 30 minutes Tai Chi training, and 5 minutes cool-down. A registered nurse (RN) with experience with Tai Chi training and who participated in our previous study will lead the training session. Receives: Other: Tai Chi |
| Control group | Other | Waiting list control group: Participants in the control group will receive usual care. That is, regular inpatient treatment and care, without additional rehabilitation treatment. At the end of the intervention follow-up assessment, they will be invited to participate in the sitting Tai Chi exercise led by the same nurse as well. Receives: Other: Tai Chi |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Change from Baseline in the Mean Cognitive Function at 12 Weeks
Cognitive function will be measured using the MoCA scale, a cognitive screening instrument developed and validated to detect mild cognitive impairment.
Measured: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
Change from Baseline in the Mean Upper Limb Function measured by FMT-UL at 12 Weeks
Upper limb function will be measured using Fugl-Meyer Test Upper Limb section (FMT-UL).
FMT-UL will be used to evaluate upper extremity function. The scale includes eight items related to function of wrist and hand, evaluation results are on a 3-point scale ranging from 0 ('unable accomplish') to 2 ('completely accomplish'), and has a maximum score of 66. A higher score indicates better upper extremity function.
Measured: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
Change from Baseline in the Mean Upper Limb Function measured by WMFT at 12 Weeks
Upper limb function will be measured using Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT) . The WMFT was often used alongside the FMT-UL to provide a complementary description of upper limb function. It consists of 17 items including time, functional ability and strength domains. Items seven and 14 are strength test with recording the exact weight which the participants can afford.
Measured: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
Change from Baseline in the Mean Balance Control measured by BBS at 12 Weeks
Balance control will be measured using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS). The 14 items BBS will be used to evaluate the ability to maintain positions, from sitting to standing, to close standing, and finally to standing on one leg. The total score ranges from 0 to 56, with a higher score indicates better balance control. The Chinese version of BBS has been reported with good reliability and validity (intra and inter-rater ICC: 0.968-0.985 and 0.992-0.998)
Measured: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
Change from Baseline in the Mean Balance Control measured by TIS at 12 Weeks
Balance control will be measured using the Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS). The Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS) was designed to assess the sitting balance and trunk control among stroke survivors. It has 17 items which consists of three subscales: static sitting balance, dynamic sitting balance and coordination. The total score ranges from zero to 23 points, with a higher score indicating a better performance. It has 17 items which consists of three subscales: static sitting balance, dynamic sitting balance, and coordination.
Measured: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
Change from Baseline in the Mean Depressive Symptoms at 12 Weeks
The 15 items Geriatric Depression Scale short form (GDS-15) will be used to assess depressive symptoms. Each item is scored in a dichotomous format: 1= ('yes'), 0= ('no') in response to symptoms of depression. The total score is summed (range 0-15). A higher score indicates a higher level of depressive symptoms. A score of nine or above indicates moderate or severe depression. The Chinese version of GDS-15 has demonstrated good validity and reliability (Cronbach's α: 0.78) (Chau et al., 2006).
Measured: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
Secondary outcomes (2)
Change from Baseline in the Mean Activities of Daily Living at 12 Weeks
The Modified Barthel Index (MBI) will be used to assess ADL. The scale consists of 10 items to score the ability of a person to care for himself which includes feeding, moving, and toileting. The total scores range from 0 to 100. A higher score suggests better ADL. The psychometric properties of the Chinese version of MBI is good (inter and intra rater ICC: 0.968～0.997 and 0.866～0.990).
Measured: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
Change from Baseline in the Mean Quality of Life at 12 Weeks
QoL will be assessed using the Chinese version of Stroke-Specific Quality of Life Scale SS-QOL. The scale is specific to the activity and participation domains of the ICF. It includes 12 areas affected following a stroke, as covered by 49 items. For each item, there are five response options in which the score varies from one to five. Thus, the overall scores range from 49 (worst perception of QoL) to 245 (best perception of QoL). Higher scores indicate better QoL. The Chinese version of SS-QOL has been reported with acceptable validity and good reliability (Cronbach's α 0.93) (Lo et al., 2017).
Measured: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted6 Apr 2026
- Study start20 Oct 2025
- Primary completion31 May 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion31 Aug 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for StrokeStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Chinese University of Hong KongThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 176 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, ZHAO Jie, Chinese University of Hong Kong
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07512739
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2025.537
- Status last verified
- Apr 2026
- First submitted
- 16 Mar 2026
- Last updated
- 6 Apr 2026
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Undecided: The data could be shared basing on reasonable request.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 6 Apr 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effects of a Sitting Tai Chi Programme for Chronic Stroke Survivors With Post-stroke Cognitive Impairment: A Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07512739
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 2025.537
- Conditions
- Stroke, Cognitive Impairment
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 176 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Chinese University of Hong KongUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 20 Oct 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 31 May 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 31 Aug 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 6 Apr 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Introduction Stroke remains the third leading cause of death and disability combined. Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is a common neurological sequela that may affect up to 80% of stroke survivors. Several systematic reviews and studies indicated that Tai Chi benefits patients with mild cognitive impairment, leading to significant improvement in cognitive function.
Our previous study adopted a tailored sitting Tai Chi programme for the rehabilitation of subacute stroke survivors without any cognitive impairment. The results of the randomised controlled trial (RCT) showed that upper limb function, balance control, ADL, depressive symptoms, and QoL were significantly improved compared to the control group. To better understand the usefulness of the sitting Tai Chi programme for chronic stroke survivors with cognitive impairment and how it might affect other rehabilitation outcomes, this study was proposed to examine its feasibility and preliminary effectiveness.
Methods An outcome assessor-blinded RCT will be conducted. Participants will be randomised with a 1:1 allocation ratio to either the intervention group or the waiting list control group. A total number of 88 dyads (176 participants) including 44 stroke survivors and 44 caregivers will be recruited in each group.
For the qualitative part, a purposive sample of 30 stroke survivors with low, medium and high satisfaction scores will be invited.
Intervention Sitting Tai Chi group: Participants in the sitting Tai Chi group will receive 12 weeks of 10-form sitting Tai Chi exercise training with a frequency of three days a week and 40 minutes a day, including 5 minutes warm-up, 30 minutes Tai Chi training, and 5 minutes cool-down. A registered nurse (RN) with experience with Tai Chi training and who participated in our previous study will lead the training session. The RN will receive refresher training in sitting Tai Chi and learn the basics about the condition of PSCI and the characteristics of survivors with PSCI.
Control group: Participants in the control group will receive usual care. That is, regular inpatient treatment and care, without additional rehabilitation treatment. At the end of the intervention follow-up assessment, they will be invited to participate in the sitting Tai Chi exercise led by the same nurse as well.
Assessment and measurement Primary outcomes include cognitive function, upper limb function, balance control, and depressive symptoms. They will be assessed at baseline, eight weeks, and 12 weeks after the commencement of the sitting Tai Chi training by validated scales.
- Cognitive function will be measured using the MoCA scale.
- Upper limb function will be measured using Fugl-Meyer Test Upper Limb section and Wolf Motor Function Test
- Balance control will be measured using the Berg Balance Scale and the Trunk Impairment Scale
- Depressive symptoms will be measured by the 15 items Geriatric Depression Scale short form.
- The Modified Barthel Index will be used to assess ADL.
- QoL will be assessed using the Chinese version of Stroke-Specific Quality of Life Scale.
Feasibility and Acceptability This pilot RCT evaluates the feasibility of the sitting Tai Chi programme. Feasibility is evaluated based on recruitment and retention rates from baseline to follow-up. All participants will be invited to fill in a satisfaction survey with the sitting Tai Chi programme and the usefulness of its components.
Satisfaction A self-developed User Satisfaction Questionnaire (USQ) will be used to assess stroke survivors' satisfaction in terms of usability, acceptability, and applicability.
Adverse events measurements Any unexpected adverse events during the intervention period will be monitored. Semi-structured interview We will conduct semi-structured in-depth interviews using a pre-designed semi-structured interview guide.
Ethical considerations Ethical approval will be applied from the Joint Chinese University of Hong Kong- New Territories East Cluster Clinical Research Ethics Committee and the study hospital's research ethics committee. Written consent will be obtained from the eligible participants.
Data collection, consent, and sample storage A sociodemographic and clinical data sheet will be used to record the corresponding information. The research assistants will screen potentially eligible participants by daily reviewing the medical records of all stroke survivors admitted to the study venues.
Data processing and analysis Statistics analysis will be conducted using the IBM SPSS version 29.0. All primary analyses will be conducted on an intention-to-treat basis. Descriptive statistics will be used. A generalized estimating equations (GEE) model will be employed to compare differential change of each of the primary and secondary outcomes across the study time points between the two groups.
Content analysis will be used to analyse the qualitative data from the participants.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Sitting Tai Chi group | Experimental | Other: Tai ChiParticipants in the sitting Tai Chi group will receive 12 weeks of 10-form sitting Tai Chi exercise training with a frequency of three days a week and 40 minutes a day, including 5 minutes warm-up, 30 minutes Tai Chi training, and 5 minutes cool-down. A registered nurse (RN) with experience with Tai Chi training and who participated in our previous study will lead the training session. |
| Control group | Other | Other: Tai ChiWaiting list control group: Participants in the control group will receive usual care. That is, regular inpatient treatment and care, without additional rehabilitation treatment. At the end of the intervention follow-up assessment, they will be invited to participate in the sitting Tai Chi exercise led by the same nurse as well. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Individuals who meet the following criteria will be recruited: i. aged 18 years or above; ii. have been admitted to a hospital with a clinical diagnosis of first or recurrent ischaemic or haemorrhagic stroke, and meet the diagnostic criteria of PSCI (classified according to DSM-5 criteria); iii. in the chronic stage of stroke; iv. MoCA score: 19-25 (two points are added if the individual has ≤ 6 years of education; one point is added if the individual has > 6 and ≤ 12 years of education, no points are added for the individual with > 12 years of education); v. be able to sit independently with or without sitters; vi. be able to use and raise at least one arm while sitting (upper extremity muscle strength ≥ Ⅲ); vii. have a primary caregiver (a paid or unpaid person who provides most assistance to the stroke survivor); viii. be able to communicate in Chinese and provide informed consent; ix. is currently hospitalised in this geriatric rehabilitation ward and unlikely to be discharged within 3 months.
- age ≥ 18 years; ii. be able to communicate in Chinese and provide informed consent; iii. medically stable and physically able to provide support.
Key exclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Individuals will be excluded if other causes of cognitive impairment are present, such as Alzheimer's disease, acquired immune deficiency syndrome, a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score >16, severe hearing or visual impairment, severe complications following a stroke (e.g., limited comprehension and receptive aphasia, venous thrombosis), a history of severe medical conditions or current serious illnesses (e.g. myocardial infarction, use of a cardiac pacemaker or a defibrillator, organ failure, malignancy, mental diseases, other neurological diseases such as multiple sclerosis or Parkinson's disease, having received thrombolytic therapy or surgery, joint replacement surgeries or fractures within the past six months), pregnant or lactating women; prior regular (at least three times/week) Tai Chi practice or other mind-body exercises (e.g., Yoga, Qigong, Ba Duanjin, or mindfulness training) within the past six months; and those participating in other clinical trials that might influence this study.
- impaired cognitive functions (Abbreviated Mental Test, AMT ≤ 7); ii. being a medical resident/trainee or a physical therapist; iii. having prior regular (at least three times/week) Tai Chi practice or other mind-body exercises (e.g., Yoga, Qigong, Ba Duanjin, or mindfulness training) within the past six months; iv. participating in other clinical trials that might influence affect this study.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Tai ChiFive series of sitting Tai Chi exercises for stroke survivors with physical impairments, each with a target of strengthening the muscles for upper limb function and balance while taking into consideration survivors' physical limitations, were developed. Series 1 consisted of a 10-form sitting Tai Chi adapted from the 10-form Yang-style Wheelchair Tai Chi, which was offered for stroke survivors with minor weakness (upper limbs' muscle strength: 4 or 5). Series 2 to 5 were also ready to cater to the needs of stroke survivors with hemiparesis or hemiplegia (upper limbs' muscle strength: ≤3). Caregivers will be involved to ensure the safety of stroke participants, encourage their participation, and supervise them. Adherence to the treatment protocol will be recorded by a research assistant. | Other | Control group, Sitting Tai Chi group |
Primary outcome
Change from Baseline in the Mean Cognitive Function at 12 Weeks
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
Cognitive function will be measured using the MoCA scale, a cognitive screening instrument developed and validated to detect mild cognitive impairment.
Change from Baseline in the Mean Upper Limb Function measured by FMT-UL at 12 Weeks
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
Upper limb function will be measured using Fugl-Meyer Test Upper Limb section (FMT-UL). FMT-UL will be used to evaluate upper extremity function. The scale includes eight items related to function of wrist and hand, evaluation results are on a 3-point scale ranging from 0 ('unable accomplish') to 2 ('completely accomplish'), and has a maximum score of 66. A higher score indicates better upper extremity function.
Change from Baseline in the Mean Upper Limb Function measured by WMFT at 12 Weeks
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
Upper limb function will be measured using Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT) . The WMFT was often used alongside the FMT-UL to provide a complementary description of upper limb function. It consists of 17 items including time, functional ability and strength domains. Items seven and 14 are strength test with recording the exact weight which the participants can afford.
Change from Baseline in the Mean Balance Control measured by BBS at 12 Weeks
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
Balance control will be measured using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS). The 14 items BBS will be used to evaluate the ability to maintain positions, from sitting to standing, to close standing, and finally to standing on one leg. The total score ranges from 0 to 56, with a higher score indicates better balance control. The Chinese version of BBS has been reported with good reliability and validity (intra and inter-rater ICC: 0.968-0.985 and 0.992-0.998)
Change from Baseline in the Mean Balance Control measured by TIS at 12 Weeks
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
Balance control will be measured using the Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS). The Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS) was designed to assess the sitting balance and trunk control among stroke survivors. It has 17 items which consists of three subscales: static sitting balance, dynamic sitting balance and coordination. The total score ranges from zero to 23 points, with a higher score indicating a better performance. It has 17 items which consists of three subscales: static sitting balance, dynamic sitting balance, and coordination.
Change from Baseline in the Mean Depressive Symptoms at 12 Weeks
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
The 15 items Geriatric Depression Scale short form (GDS-15) will be used to assess depressive symptoms. Each item is scored in a dichotomous format: 1= ('yes'), 0= ('no') in response to symptoms of depression. The total score is summed (range 0-15). A higher score indicates a higher level of depressive symptoms. A score of nine or above indicates moderate or severe depression. The Chinese version of GDS-15 has demonstrated good validity and reliability (Cronbach's α: 0.78) (Chau et al., 2006).
2 secondary outcomes
Change from Baseline in the Mean Activities of Daily Living at 12 Weeks
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
Change from Baseline in the Mean Quality of Life at 12 Weeks
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 6 Apr 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Undecided. The data could be shared basing on reasonable request.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Tai Chi in people with Stroke and Cognitive Impairment, run by Chinese University of Hong Kong at 1 site in China.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 2 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 6 Apr 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in China. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Jie Zhao Dr., PhD (85239437936, ZhaoJie@link.cuhk.edu.hk), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Change from Baseline in the Mean Cognitive Function at 12 Weeks (time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks). The study lists 6 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 6 Apr 2026.