Schizophrenia Cognition Autobiographical Memory Cognitive RemediationNCT07512843
Acceptability and Efficacy of Group Reminiscence Intervention in a Sample of Patients With Schizophrenia
A study testing Group reminiscence therapy in people with Schizophrenia Cognition Autobiographical Memory Cognitive Remediation and SCHIZOPHRENIA 1 (Disorder), run by The Hashemite University at 1 site in Jordan.
Trial summary
The study aimed to test whether group reminiscence intervention for inpatients with schizophrenia is feasible, acceptable and preliminary effective. The effect of the intervention was evaluated on cognition, communication, and social function. Phase I was a multi-phase parallel study (n=38). Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 64 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Schizophrenia Cognition Autobiographical Memory Cognitive Remediation, SCHIZOPHRENIA 1 (Disorder), Hospitalized Adult Patients
- What is being tested?
- Group reminiscence therapy
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 38 participants
- Where
- 1 siteJordan
- Study dates
- 1 Feb 2025to 28 Dec 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 64 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Adults aged 18-65 with schizophrenia diagnosed by DSM-5-TR
- Clinically stable, no acute episode or hospitalization in past 30 days
- Adequate cognition, passed MMSE, able to engage and provide consent
- Able to attend group sessions and participate in reminiscence sessions
Who cannot join
- Severe cognitive impairment or intellectual disability
- Acute psychiatric symptoms or suicidal ideation
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Evaluation of the Feasibility, Acceptability, and Preliminary Efficacy of a Group Reminiscence Intervention in a Sample of Inpatients With Schizophrenia
The study aimed to test whether group reminiscence intervention for inpatients with schizophrenia is feasible, acceptable and preliminary effective. The effect of the intervention was evaluated on cognition, communication, and social function. Phase I was a multi-phase parallel study (n=38). The purpose of the study was to assess feasibility and preliminary efficacy by conducting an 8-week intervention with the participants. The study employed a single-group pretest-posttest evaluation. Phase II evaluated acceptability and performed a thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews conducted by a purposively selected subsample (N=8).
Read the detailed description
The study used a sequential, multi-phase design to examine feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a structured group reminiscence intervention for inpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia. The intervention targeted cognitive performance, communication ability, and social functioning, domains commonly impaired in this population.
Phase I applied a parallel, multi-phase approach with a sample of 38 inpatients. Participants received an 8-week group reminiscence intervention delivered in a structured format. Sessions were conducted regularly and focused on guided recall of past experiences using prompts such as life events, personal achievements, and social roles. The design followed a single-group pretest-posttest structure. Baseline measures were collected prior to the intervention, and the same outcomes were reassessed immediately after completion. Feasibility was examined through recruitment rates, retention, session attendance, and completion of outcome measures. Preliminary efficacy was assessed by comparing pre- and post-intervention scores on standardized measures of cognition, communication, and social functioning. This phase aimed to determine whether the intervention could be implemented within an inpatient psychiatric setting and whether it showed signals of benefit across targeted outcomes.
Phase II focused on acceptability using a qualitative approach. A purposive subsample of eight participants from Phase I was selected to ensure variation in engagement and response to the intervention. Semi-structured interviews were conducted following completion of the program. Interview questions explored participants' experiences with the intervention, perceived benefits, challenges encountered, and suggestions for improvement. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis, allowing identification of recurring patterns related to satisfaction, perceived relevance, emotional responses, and perceived impact on interpersonal interaction and self-expression. This phase provided in-depth insight into how participants perceived the intervention and whether it was considered meaningful and appropriate in the inpatient context.
The integration of quantitative findings from Phase I and qualitative insights from Phase II allowed a comprehensive evaluation of the intervention. The design supported assessment of both implementation outcomes and early indicators of clinical benefit, which are critical for informing refinement of the intervention and planning for a larger, controlled trial.
- Conditions
- Schizophrenia Cognition Autobiographical Memory Cognitive Remediation, SCHIZOPHRENIA 1 (Disorder), Hospitalized Adult Patients
- Being tested
- Group reminiscence therapy
- Keywords
- schizophrenia, reminiscence, acceptability, intervention
- Medical subject headings
- Schizophrenia
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Group reminiscence therapyBehavioural
The group reminiscence intervention included 8 sessions delivered over 4 weeks, with two sessions per week. Groups consisted of 3-4 participants, with 11 groups in total. Each session lasted 80-90 minutes, with careful management to limit discussion of hallucinations and delusions. Sessions followed four stages: reconnection to build rapport and trust, reflection to stimulate autobiographical recall using active listening, restating to summarize contributions, and closure emphasizing confidentiality. Trauma-informed and psychologically supportive principles guided all sessions, including sensitive handling of difficult memories. Content covered life domains such as childhood, family, and hospital experiences, with focus on coping and meaning-making. Multisensory culturally familiar stimuli were used to enhance engagement, including traditional foods, games, and music. Confidentiality was reinforced, and participants received a small appreciation gesture at the final session.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Pre-test-post-test | Experimental | The study used a single intervention arm where all participants received group reminiscence therapy alongside usual inpatient care. The program lasted 8 weeks, with weekly 60-90 minute sessions conducted in small groups. Sessions followed a structured format using themes such as childhood, family, and life events, supported by prompts like photos and music. The intervention targeted cognition, communication, and social functioning through guided recall and group interaction. Sessions were led by trained mental health professionals using a supportive approach. Fidelity was maintained through manuals and attendance tracking. Participants continued standard psychiatric treatment throughout. Receives: Behavioral: Group reminiscence therapy |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Feasibility Indicators: Recruitment Retention Attrition Adherence Data completeness Adverse events.
All measures is in % Recruitment rate: Percentage of eligible participants enrolled during the 10-week recruitment period, calculated as the number who provide written consent divided by the total eligible participants approached, multiplied by 100.
Retention rate: Percentage of enrolled participants who complete the week 10 assessment, calculated as completers divided by total enrolled at baseline, multiplied by 100.
Attrition rate: Percentage of participants who withdraw before week 10, calculated as discontinuations divided by total enrolled, multiplied by 100.
Adherence: Attendance rate across scheduled sessions, calculated as sessions attended divided by total sessions, multiplied by 100.
Data completeness: Percentage of completed outcome assessment items at baseline and week 10, calculated as completed items divided by total expected items, multiplied by 100.
Adverse events: Number and proportion of participants experiencing adverse events during the intervention period.
Measured: 12 weeks
The Brief Interpersonal Communication Satisfaction Inventory (Com-Sat)
The Brief Interpersonal Communication Satisfaction Inventory is a 19-item self-report measure of communication with others (Bienvenu, 1971; Hecht, 1978). It uses a 7-point Likert scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree), with higher scores indicating better communication. Reported reliability ranges from 0.72 to 0.93, and in this study Cronbach's alpha was 0.75 (Rubin et al., 2004).
Measured: 12 weeks
The Social Functioning Questionnaire (SFQ)
The Social Functioning Questionnaire (SFQ) is an 8-item self-report measure assessing social functioning across self-care, domestic, community, and social roles (Birchwood et al., 1990). Items are rated on a 4-point scale from 0 to 3, with total scores ranging from 0 to 24. Higher scores indicate poorer functioning. The Arabic version shows good reliability (α=0.80), and in this study Cronbach's alpha was 0.73 (Benhaddouch et al., 2025).
Measured: 12 weeks
Secondary outcomes (1)
The Mini-Cog Assessment (Mini-Cog)
The Mini-Cog is a brief screening tool for cognitive impairment (Borson et al., 2000). Scores range from 0-5, with scores below 3 indicating likely impairment. It includes a three-word recall task (0-3 points) and a clock-drawing task (0 or 2 points). The total score is the sum of both components. A cutoff of <3 is commonly used for classification. The Arabic version shows sensitivity of 92.9% and specificity of 34.3% (Albanna et al., 2017).
Measured: 12 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted6 Apr 2026
- Study start1 Feb 2025
- Primary completion29 Aug 2025
- Study completion28 Dec 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Schizophrenia Cognition Autobiographical Memory Cognitive RemediationStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 38 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- The Hashemite University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Abdallah Abu Khait, The Hashemite University
- Investigators
- Abdallah Abu khait, Ph.D., RN, PMHCNS, MSN, BSN, Principal investigator, The Hashemite University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07512843
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 33/3/2024/2025
- Status last verified
- Mar 2026
- First submitted
- 28 Mar 2026
- Last updated
- 6 Apr 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 6 Apr 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Evaluation of the Feasibility, Acceptability, and Preliminary Efficacy of a Group Reminiscence Intervention in a Sample of Inpatients With Schizophrenia
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07512843
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 33/3/2024/2025
- Conditions
- Schizophrenia Cognition Autobiographical Memory Cognitive Remediation, SCHIZOPHRENIA 1 (Disorder), Hospitalized Adult Patients
- Keywords
- schizophrenia, reminiscence, acceptability, intervention
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 38 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- The Hashemite UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Feb 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 29 Aug 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 28 Dec 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 6 Apr 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The study aimed to test whether group reminiscence intervention for inpatients with schizophrenia is feasible, acceptable and preliminary effective. The effect of the intervention was evaluated on cognition, communication, and social function. Phase I was a multi-phase parallel study (n=38). The purpose of the study was to assess feasibility and preliminary efficacy by conducting an 8-week intervention with the participants. The study employed a single-group pretest-posttest evaluation. Phase II evaluated acceptability and performed a thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews conducted by a purposively selected subsample (N=8).
Detailed description
The study used a sequential, multi-phase design to examine feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a structured group reminiscence intervention for inpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia. The intervention targeted cognitive performance, communication ability, and social functioning, domains commonly impaired in this population.
Phase I applied a parallel, multi-phase approach with a sample of 38 inpatients. Participants received an 8-week group reminiscence intervention delivered in a structured format. Sessions were conducted regularly and focused on guided recall of past experiences using prompts such as life events, personal achievements, and social roles. The design followed a single-group pretest-posttest structure. Baseline measures were collected prior to the intervention, and the same outcomes were reassessed immediately after completion. Feasibility was examined through recruitment rates, retention, session attendance, and completion of outcome measures. Preliminary efficacy was assessed by comparing pre- and post-intervention scores on standardized measures of cognition, communication, and social functioning. This phase aimed to determine whether the intervention could be implemented within an inpatient psychiatric setting and whether it showed signals of benefit across targeted outcomes.
Phase II focused on acceptability using a qualitative approach. A purposive subsample of eight participants from Phase I was selected to ensure variation in engagement and response to the intervention. Semi-structured interviews were conducted following completion of the program. Interview questions explored participants' experiences with the intervention, perceived benefits, challenges encountered, and suggestions for improvement. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis, allowing identification of recurring patterns related to satisfaction, perceived relevance, emotional responses, and perceived impact on interpersonal interaction and self-expression. This phase provided in-depth insight into how participants perceived the intervention and whether it was considered meaningful and appropriate in the inpatient context.
The integration of quantitative findings from Phase I and qualitative insights from Phase II allowed a comprehensive evaluation of the intervention. The design supported assessment of both implementation outcomes and early indicators of clinical benefit, which are critical for informing refinement of the intervention and planning for a larger, controlled trial.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Pre-test-post-test | Experimental | Behavioral: Group reminiscence therapyThe study used a single intervention arm where all participants received group reminiscence therapy alongside usual inpatient care. The program lasted 8 weeks, with weekly 60-90 minute sessions conducted in small groups. Sessions followed a structured format using themes such as childhood, family, and life events, supported by prompts like photos and music. The intervention targeted cognition, communication, and social functioning through guided recall and group interaction. Sessions were led by trained mental health professionals using a supportive approach. Fidelity was maintained through manuals and attendance tracking. Participants continued standard psychiatric treatment throughout. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 64 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Adults aged 18-65 with schizophrenia diagnosed by DSM-5-TR
- Clinically stable, no acute episode or hospitalization in past 30 days
- Adequate cognition, passed MMSE, able to engage and provide consent
- Able to attend group sessions and participate in reminiscence sessions
Key exclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Severe cognitive impairment or intellectual disability
- Acute psychiatric symptoms or suicidal ideation
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Group reminiscence therapyThe group reminiscence intervention included 8 sessions delivered over 4 weeks, with two sessions per week. Groups consisted of 3-4 participants, with 11 groups in total. Each session lasted 80-90 minutes, with careful management to limit discussion of hallucinations and delusions. Sessions followed four stages: reconnection to build rapport and trust, reflection to stimulate autobiographical recall using active listening, restating to summarize contributions, and closure emphasizing confidentiality. Trauma-informed and psychologically supportive principles guided all sessions, including sensitive handling of difficult memories. Content covered life domains such as childhood, family, and hospital experiences, with focus on coping and meaning-making. Multisensory culturally familiar stimuli were used to enhance engagement, including traditional foods, games, and music. Confidentiality was reinforced, and participants received a small appreciation gesture at the final session. | Behavioural | Pre-test-post-test |
Primary outcome
Feasibility Indicators: Recruitment Retention Attrition Adherence Data completeness Adverse events.
Time frame: 12 weeks
All measures is in % Recruitment rate: Percentage of eligible participants enrolled during the 10-week recruitment period, calculated as the number who provide written consent divided by the total eligible participants approached, multiplied by 100. Retention rate: Percentage of enrolled participants who complete the week 10 assessment, calculated as completers divided by total enrolled at baseline, multiplied by 100. Attrition rate: Percentage of participants who withdraw before week 10, calculated as discontinuations divided by total enrolled, multiplied by 100. Adherence: Attendance rate across scheduled sessions, calculated as sessions attended divided by total sessions, multiplied by 100. Data completeness: Percentage of completed outcome assessment items at baseline and week 10, calculated as completed items divided by total expected items, multiplied by 100. Adverse events: Number and proportion of participants experiencing adverse events during the intervention period.
The Brief Interpersonal Communication Satisfaction Inventory (Com-Sat)
Time frame: 12 weeks
The Brief Interpersonal Communication Satisfaction Inventory is a 19-item self-report measure of communication with others (Bienvenu, 1971; Hecht, 1978). It uses a 7-point Likert scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree), with higher scores indicating better communication. Reported reliability ranges from 0.72 to 0.93, and in this study Cronbach's alpha was 0.75 (Rubin et al., 2004).
The Social Functioning Questionnaire (SFQ)
Time frame: 12 weeks
The Social Functioning Questionnaire (SFQ) is an 8-item self-report measure assessing social functioning across self-care, domestic, community, and social roles (Birchwood et al., 1990). Items are rated on a 4-point scale from 0 to 3, with total scores ranging from 0 to 24. Higher scores indicate poorer functioning. The Arabic version shows good reliability (α=0.80), and in this study Cronbach's alpha was 0.73 (Benhaddouch et al., 2025).
1 secondary outcome
The Mini-Cog Assessment (Mini-Cog)
Time frame: 12 weeks
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 6 Apr 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Abdallah Abu khait, Ph.D., RN, PMHCNS, MSN, BSN principal investigator
The Hashemite University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Group reminiscence therapy in people with Schizophrenia Cognition Autobiographical Memory Cognitive Remediation and SCHIZOPHRENIA 1 (Disorder), run by The Hashemite University at 1 site in Jordan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 2 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 6 Apr 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Jordan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Feasibility Indicators: Recruitment Retention Attrition Adherence Data completeness Adverse events. (time frame: 12 weeks). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 6 Apr 2026.