Cervical CancerHBM-HPVNCT07521163
Effect of Health Belief Model-Based Education on Cervical Cancer Knowledge and HPV Vaccine Attitudes in Women
A study testing Health Belief Model-Based Education in people with Cervical Cancer and Human Papillomavirus Infection, run by Muhammet Faruk Yigit at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
This study evaluated the effect of a Health Belief Model-based educational intervention on women's knowledge of cervical cancer and their attitudes and beliefs toward HPV vaccination. The study was conducted among women aged 18-49 years attending a primary health care center in Van, Türkiye. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 49 years, women onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Cervical Cancer, Human Papillomavirus Infection, Preventive Health Services
- What is being tested?
- Health Belief Model-Based Education
- Type of treatment
- Vaccines, Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 154 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 15 Mar 2026to 12 May 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 49 years
- Women only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Women aged 18-49 years
- Applied to a Family Health Center
- Parents of adolescent girls (aged 10-18 years)
- Able to read and write Turkish
- Voluntarily agreed to participate in the study
- Provided written informed consent
Who cannot join
- Previous HPV vaccination
- Diagnosis of cervical cancer
- Cognitive or psychiatric disorders that interfered with communication
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Tusba Training Family Health Center
Van, Van, 65100
About this study
Official title: Effect of a Health Belief Model Based Education Program on Women's Cervical Cancer Knowledge and HPV Vaccination Attitudes in Primary Care Settings: A Quasi-Experimental Pre-test-Posttest Controlled Study
This study evaluated the effect of a Health Belief Model-based educational intervention on women's knowledge of cervical cancer and their attitudes and beliefs toward HPV vaccination. The study was conducted among women aged 18-49 years attending a primary health care center in Van, Türkiye. Participants were assigned to intervention and control groups. The intervention group received a structured, face-to-face educational program, while the control group received routine care. Data were collected using validated questionnaires before and after the intervention. The findings contributed to a better understanding of strategies to improve preventive health behaviors and increase HPV vaccination awareness among women.
Read the detailed description
This study was a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest controlled intervention designed to evaluate the effectiveness of a Health Belief Model (HBM)-based educational program on women's cervical cancer knowledge and HPV vaccination attitudes in a primary care setting. The study was conducted at the Tusba Training Family Health Center in Van, Türkiye, between March 2026 and May 2026.
The study population consisted of women aged 18-49 years attending the Tusba Training Family Health Center. Women who met the inclusion criteria and provided written informed consent were enrolled in the study. A total of 154 participants were assigned to the intervention (n = 77) and control (n = 77) groups using a systematic allocation approach based on the order of admission. Baseline data were collected using a Participant Information Form, the Cervical Cancer Knowledge Scale, and the Carolina HPV Immunization Attitudes and Beliefs Scale (CHIAS).
The intervention group received a structured educational program based on the Health Belief Model. The program consisted of two face-to-face sessions lasting approximately 30-40 minutes each. The educational content included information on cervical cancer, risk factors, screening methods, HPV infection, HPV vaccination, and common misconceptions. The program was structured around the key constructs of the Health Belief Model, including perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, and perceived barriers.
The control group received routine primary health care services without any additional structured educational intervention.
Post-intervention data were collected approximately 15 days after completion of the educational program using the same measurement instruments. The data were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods, including descriptive statistics and comparative tests for within-group and between-group differences. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.
The study did not involve any invasive procedures, biological sample collection, or pharmaceutical interventions. All study procedures were conducted in accordance with ethical principles, and participant confidentiality was maintained throughout the study.
- Being tested
- Health Belief Model-Based Education
- Keywords
- Health Belief Model, HPV Vaccination, Cervical Cancer Screening, Health Education, Primary Health Care, Women's Health
- Medical subject headings
- Uterine Cervical Neoplasms, Papillomavirus Infections, Health Education
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Health Belief Model-Based EducationBehavioural
A structured face-to-face educational program based on the Health Belief Model consisting of two sessions (30-40 minutes each) covering cervical cancer, HPV infection, cervical cancer screening, HPV vaccination, common misconceptions, and the key Health Belief Model constructs, including perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, and perceived barriers.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Experimental | Experimental | Participants received a structured face-to-face Health Belief Model-based educational program consisting of two sessions. Receives: Behavioral: Health Belief Model-Based Education |
| No Intervention | No intervention | Participants received routine primary health care services without additional structured educational intervention. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Change in Cervical Cancer Knowledge Score
Change in participants' knowledge of cervical cancer was assessed using the Cervical Cancer Knowledge Scale. The scale consists of 20 items, with total scores ranging from 0 to 20, where higher scores indicate greater knowledge about cervical cancer. Measurements were conducted before the educational intervention and 15 days after the intervention.
Measured: Baseline and 15 days post-intervention
Change in HPV Vaccination Attitudes and Beliefs Score
Change in participants' attitudes and beliefs toward HPV vaccination was assessed using the Carolina HPV Immunization Attitudes and Beliefs Scale (CHIAS). The scale consists of 16 items rated on a 4-point Likert scale, with total scores ranging from 16 to 64, where higher scores indicate more negative attitudes and beliefs toward HPV vaccination. Measurements were conducted before the intervention and 15 days after the intervention.
Measured: Baseline and 15 days post-intervention
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted9 Apr 2026
- Study start15 Mar 2026
- Primary completion15 Apr 2026
- Study completion12 May 2026
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (2)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Cervical CancerStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 154 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Muhammet Faruk Yigit
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor-investigator, Muhammet Faruk Yigit, Yuzuncu Yil University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07521163
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 09.03.2026-238631
- Other IDs
- EA-2026-5244
- Acronym
- HBM-HPV
- Status last verified
- Mar 2026
- First submitted
- 2 Apr 2026
- Last updated
- 16 Jul 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Holman DM, Benard V, Roland KB, Watson M, Liddon N, Stokley S. Barriers to human papillomavirus vaccination among US adolescents: a systematic review of the literature. JAMA Pediatr. 2014 Jan;168(1):76-82. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2013.2752.
PubMed 24276343Brewer NT, Fazekas KI. Predictors of HPV vaccine acceptability: a theory-informed, systematic review. Prev Med. 2007 Aug-Sep;45(2-3):107-14. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2007.05.013. Epub 2007 Jun 2.
PubMed 17628649
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 16 Jul 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effect of a Health Belief Model Based Education Program on Women's Cervical Cancer Knowledge and HPV Vaccination Attitudes in Primary Care Settings: A Quasi-Experimental Pre-test-Posttest Controlled Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07521163
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- HBM-HPV / 09.03.2026-238631
- Keywords
- Health Belief Model, HPV Vaccination, Cervical Cancer Screening, Health Education, Primary Health Care, Women's Health
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 154 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Muhammet Faruk YigitUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 15 Mar 2026 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 15 Apr 2026 (actual)
- Study completion
- 12 May 2026 (actual)
- First posted
- 9 Apr 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study evaluated the effect of a Health Belief Model-based educational intervention on women's knowledge of cervical cancer and their attitudes and beliefs toward HPV vaccination. The study was conducted among women aged 18-49 years attending a primary health care center in Van, Türkiye. Participants were assigned to intervention and control groups. The intervention group received a structured, face-to-face educational program, while the control group received routine care. Data were collected using validated questionnaires before and after the intervention. The findings contributed to a better understanding of strategies to improve preventive health behaviors and increase HPV vaccination awareness among women.
Detailed description
This study was a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest controlled intervention designed to evaluate the effectiveness of a Health Belief Model (HBM)-based educational program on women's cervical cancer knowledge and HPV vaccination attitudes in a primary care setting. The study was conducted at the Tusba Training Family Health Center in Van, Türkiye, between March 2026 and May 2026.
The study population consisted of women aged 18-49 years attending the Tusba Training Family Health Center. Women who met the inclusion criteria and provided written informed consent were enrolled in the study. A total of 154 participants were assigned to the intervention (n = 77) and control (n = 77) groups using a systematic allocation approach based on the order of admission. Baseline data were collected using a Participant Information Form, the Cervical Cancer Knowledge Scale, and the Carolina HPV Immunization Attitudes and Beliefs Scale (CHIAS).
The intervention group received a structured educational program based on the Health Belief Model. The program consisted of two face-to-face sessions lasting approximately 30-40 minutes each. The educational content included information on cervical cancer, risk factors, screening methods, HPV infection, HPV vaccination, and common misconceptions. The program was structured around the key constructs of the Health Belief Model, including perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, and perceived barriers.
The control group received routine primary health care services without any additional structured educational intervention.
Post-intervention data were collected approximately 15 days after completion of the educational program using the same measurement instruments. The data were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods, including descriptive statistics and comparative tests for within-group and between-group differences. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.
The study did not involve any invasive procedures, biological sample collection, or pharmaceutical interventions. All study procedures were conducted in accordance with ethical principles, and participant confidentiality was maintained throughout the study.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Experimental | Experimental | Behavioral: Health Belief Model-Based EducationParticipants received a structured face-to-face Health Belief Model-based educational program consisting of two sessions. |
| No Intervention | No intervention | –Participants received routine primary health care services without additional structured educational intervention. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 49 years
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Women aged 18-49 years
- Applied to a Family Health Center
- Parents of adolescent girls (aged 10-18 years)
- Able to read and write Turkish
- Voluntarily agreed to participate in the study
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Previous HPV vaccination
- Diagnosis of cervical cancer
- Cognitive or psychiatric disorders that interfered with communication
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Health Belief Model-Based EducationA structured face-to-face educational program based on the Health Belief Model consisting of two sessions (30-40 minutes each) covering cervical cancer, HPV infection, cervical cancer screening, HPV vaccination, common misconceptions, and the key Health Belief Model constructs, including perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, and perceived barriers. | Behavioural | Experimental |
Primary outcome
Change in Cervical Cancer Knowledge Score
Time frame: Baseline and 15 days post-intervention
Change in participants' knowledge of cervical cancer was assessed using the Cervical Cancer Knowledge Scale. The scale consists of 20 items, with total scores ranging from 0 to 20, where higher scores indicate greater knowledge about cervical cancer. Measurements were conducted before the educational intervention and 15 days after the intervention.
Change in HPV Vaccination Attitudes and Beliefs Score
Time frame: Baseline and 15 days post-intervention
Change in participants' attitudes and beliefs toward HPV vaccination was assessed using the Carolina HPV Immunization Attitudes and Beliefs Scale (CHIAS). The scale consists of 16 items rated on a 4-point Likert scale, with total scores ranging from 16 to 64, where higher scores indicate more negative attitudes and beliefs toward HPV vaccination. Measurements were conducted before the intervention and 15 days after the intervention.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 16 Jul 2026.
- Results publication: PubMed 24276343Holman DM, Benard V, Roland KB, Watson M, Liddon N, Stokley S. Barriers to human papillomavirus vaccination among US adolescents: a systematic review of the literature. JAMA Pediatr. 2014 Jan;168(1):76-82. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2013.2752.
- Results publication: PubMed 17628649Brewer NT, Fazekas KI. Predictors of HPV vaccine acceptability: a theory-informed, systematic review. Prev Med. 2007 Aug-Sep;45(2-3):107-14. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2007.05.013. Epub 2007 Jun 2.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Health Belief Model-Based Education in people with Cervical Cancer and Human Papillomavirus Infection, run by Muhammet Faruk Yigit at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 6 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 16 Jul 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Change in Cervical Cancer Knowledge Score (time frame: Baseline and 15 days post-intervention). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07521163, which also lists 2 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 16 Jul 2026.