Sharps InjuriesNCT07562867
AI-Supported Gamified Training for Sharps Injury Prevention in Nurses
A study testing Experimental: Intervention Group in people with Sharps Injuries and Needlestick Injuries, run by Baskent University.
Trial summary
This study aims to evaluate the effect of a Health Belief Model (HBM)-based, artificial intelligence (AI)-supported gamified training program on nurses' knowledge and attitudes toward the prevention of sharps injuries. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Sharps Injuries, Needlestick Injuries, Occupational Exposure
- What is being tested?
- Experimental: Intervention Group
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 36 participants
- Where
- No sites listed yet
- Study dates
- 1 Jun 2026to 1 Jun 2027
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Registered nurses working in the participating hospitals
- Working in the institution for at least 2 months (Phase 1) or newly employed within the last 1 month (Phase 2)
- Willing to participate in the study
- Able to use smartphone-based technologies
- Providing written informed consent
Who cannot join
- Having received prior training based on the Health Belief Model for sharps injury prevention
- Previous professional nursing experience before current employment (for newly recruited nurses in Phase 2)
- Being on leave during the data collection period
- Failure to attend training sessions (intervention group)
- Incomplete data collection forms
- Withdrawal from the study at any stage
Trial locations and contacts
No sites are listed yet. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
About this study
Official title: The Effect of An Artifıcial Intelligence-Supported Gamifıed Training Program on Nurses' Knowledge and Attitudes Toward The Prevention of Sharps Injuries
This study aims to evaluate the effect of a Health Belief Model (HBM)-based, artificial intelligence (AI)-supported gamified training program on nurses' knowledge and attitudes toward the prevention of sharps injuries. Sharps injuries remain a significant occupational risk for healthcare workers, particularly nurses, despite existing standard precautions.
The study will be conducted in two phases. In the first phase, the validity and reliability of the Sharps Injury Prediction Scale will be tested in a nurse population. In the second phase, a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design will be used to assess the effectiveness of the intervention.
Read more
The study will be carried out in two hospitals from the same healthcare group located in different cities to prevent interaction between groups. A total of 36 nurses will be included, with 18 participants in the intervention group and 18 in the control group.
The intervention group will receive a structured, HBM-based training program consisting of seven sessions incorporating AI-supported content, gamified scenarios, interactive materials, and feedback mechanisms to enhance engagement and promote behavior change. The control group will receive routine institutional training on sharps injury prevention.
Data will be collected at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and two months later. Outcome measures include nurses' knowledge, attitudes toward safe sharps use, and sharps injury risk perception.
It is expected that the AI-supported gamified training program will significantly improve knowledge, attitudes, and risk awareness compared to routine training. The findings may support the integration of innovative, theory-based educational interventions into institutional training programs to enhance occupational safety.
Read the detailed description
Sharps injuries are among the most common occupational hazards for healthcare workers, particularly nurses, due to their frequent exposure to invasive procedures and contact with blood and body fluids. These injuries are associated with the risk of transmission of serious infections such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV. Despite the implementation of standard precautions and institutional training programs, the incidence of sharps injuries remains a significant concern, highlighting the need for more effective and behavior-focused educational interventions.
Traditional training methods are often limited in their ability to promote sustained behavioral change. In this context, theory-based and technology-supported approaches may provide more effective solutions. The Health Belief Model (HBM) is widely used to explain and predict health-related behaviors by focusing on individuals' perceptions of risk, benefits, barriers, and self-efficacy. Integrating HBM into educational interventions may enhance the effectiveness of training programs aimed at improving safe practices.
In addition, recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and gamification have introduced innovative opportunities in health education. AI-supported systems can provide personalized learning experiences, while gamification techniques, such as interactive scenarios, feedback, and rewards, can increase motivation, engagement, and knowledge retention. These approaches may be particularly beneficial in nursing education, where active participation and behavioral reinforcement are essential.
This study will be conducted in two phases. In the first phase, the validity and reliability of the Sharps Injury Prediction Scale will be evaluated in a nurse population. In the second phase, a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design will be used to assess the effectiveness of an HBM-based, AI-supported gamified training program.
The study will be carried out in two hospitals within the same healthcare group located in different cities to minimize interaction between groups. A total of 36 nurses will be included. The intervention group will receive a structured training program consisting of seven sessions designed based on HBM constructs, incorporating AI-supported educational materials, gamified learning tools, and interactive components. The control group will receive routine institutional training.
Data will be collected at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and two months after the intervention. Outcome measures will include knowledge levels, attitudes toward safe use of sharps, and risk perception related to sharps injuries.
The findings of this study are expected to contribute to the development of innovative, theory-based educational strategies and support the integration of AI-supported and gamified training approaches into healthcare institutions to enhance occupational safety among nurses.
- Conditions
- Sharps Injuries, Needlestick Injuries, Occupational Exposure
- Being tested
- Experimental: Intervention Group, control group
- Keywords
- Sharps injuries, Nursing education
- Medical subject headings
- Needlestick Injuries
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Experimental: Intervention GroupBehavioural
A structured training program consisting of seven sessions, incorporating artificial intelligence-supported educational content, gamified scenarios, interactive videos, and digital feedback mechanisms to enhance learning and promote behavior change.
control groupBehavioural
Standard training provided by the institution, including lectures and question-answer sessions on sharps injury prevention.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention Group | Experimental | Nurses in the intervention group will receive a Health Belief Model-based, AI-supported gamified training program designed to improve knowledge and attitudes toward sharps injury prevention. Receives: Behavioral: Experimental: Intervention Group |
| Control Group | Active comparator | Standard training provided by the institution, including lectures and question-answer sessions on sharps injury prevention. Receives: Behavioral: control group |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Nurses' knowledge level regarding sharps injury prevention
Knowledge level will be assessed using a structured knowledge questionnaire consisting of 25 items developed based on the literature. Higher scores indicate greater knowledge regarding sharps injury prevention.
Measured: Baseline (pretest), immediately after the intervention (posttest), and 2 months after the intervention
Secondary outcomes (2)
Attitudes toward safe use of sharps
Attitudes will be measured using the "Attitude Scale for Safe Use of Sharps Medical Instruments," a validated Likert-type scale. Higher scores indicate more positive attitudes toward safe practices.
Measured: Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 2 months after the intervention
Sharps injury risk perception and prediction score
Risk perception and prediction will be assessed using the adapted Sharps Injury Prediction Scale based on the Health Belief Model. Higher scores reflect increased perceived severity, benefits, and awareness of preventive behaviors.
Measured: Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 2 months after the intervention
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted1 May 2026
- Study start1 Jun 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion1 Sep 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion1 Jun 2027 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Sharps InjuriesStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- This study will use a non-randomized parallel group design with pretest, posttest, and two-month follow-up assessments. Groups will be assigned by hospital to prevent interaction between participants.
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 36 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Baskent University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, İsmail Kuşoğlu, Baskent University
- Investigators
- Ziyafet Uğurlu, Professor, Principal investigator, Baskent University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07562867
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 18.03.26- 26/111
- Status last verified
- Apr 2026
- First submitted
- 26 Apr 2026
- Last updated
- 1 May 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: Individual participant data (IPD) will not be shared due to ethical and privacy considerations. The study involves human participants, and sharing individual-level data may pose a risk to confidentiality despite anonymization. Data will be used solely for research purposes in accordance with ethical approval and institutional regulations.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 1 May 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effect of An Artifıcial Intelligence-Supported Gamifıed Training Program on Nurses' Knowledge and Attitudes Toward The Prevention of Sharps Injuries
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07562867
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 18.03.26- 26/111
- Conditions
- Sharps Injuries, Needlestick Injuries, Occupational Exposure
- Keywords
- Sharps injuries, Nursing education
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Not yet recruiting
- Enrolment
- 36 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Baskent UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Jun 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- 1 Sep 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 1 Jun 2027 (estimated)
- First posted
- 1 May 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study aims to evaluate the effect of a Health Belief Model (HBM)-based, artificial intelligence (AI)-supported gamified training program on nurses' knowledge and attitudes toward the prevention of sharps injuries. Sharps injuries remain a significant occupational risk for healthcare workers, particularly nurses, despite existing standard precautions.
The study will be conducted in two phases. In the first phase, the validity and reliability of the Sharps Injury Prediction Scale will be tested in a nurse population. In the second phase, a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design will be used to assess the effectiveness of the intervention.
The study will be carried out in two hospitals from the same healthcare group located in different cities to prevent interaction between groups. A total of 36 nurses will be included, with 18 participants in the intervention group and 18 in the control group.
The intervention group will receive a structured, HBM-based training program consisting of seven sessions incorporating AI-supported content, gamified scenarios, interactive materials, and feedback mechanisms to enhance engagement and promote behavior change. The control group will receive routine institutional training on sharps injury prevention.
Data will be collected at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and two months later. Outcome measures include nurses' knowledge, attitudes toward safe sharps use, and sharps injury risk perception.
It is expected that the AI-supported gamified training program will significantly improve knowledge, attitudes, and risk awareness compared to routine training. The findings may support the integration of innovative, theory-based educational interventions into institutional training programs to enhance occupational safety.
Detailed description
Sharps injuries are among the most common occupational hazards for healthcare workers, particularly nurses, due to their frequent exposure to invasive procedures and contact with blood and body fluids. These injuries are associated with the risk of transmission of serious infections such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV. Despite the implementation of standard precautions and institutional training programs, the incidence of sharps injuries remains a significant concern, highlighting the need for more effective and behavior-focused educational interventions.
Traditional training methods are often limited in their ability to promote sustained behavioral change. In this context, theory-based and technology-supported approaches may provide more effective solutions. The Health Belief Model (HBM) is widely used to explain and predict health-related behaviors by focusing on individuals' perceptions of risk, benefits, barriers, and self-efficacy. Integrating HBM into educational interventions may enhance the effectiveness of training programs aimed at improving safe practices.
In addition, recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and gamification have introduced innovative opportunities in health education. AI-supported systems can provide personalized learning experiences, while gamification techniques, such as interactive scenarios, feedback, and rewards, can increase motivation, engagement, and knowledge retention. These approaches may be particularly beneficial in nursing education, where active participation and behavioral reinforcement are essential.
This study will be conducted in two phases. In the first phase, the validity and reliability of the Sharps Injury Prediction Scale will be evaluated in a nurse population. In the second phase, a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design will be used to assess the effectiveness of an HBM-based, AI-supported gamified training program.
The study will be carried out in two hospitals within the same healthcare group located in different cities to minimize interaction between groups. A total of 36 nurses will be included. The intervention group will receive a structured training program consisting of seven sessions designed based on HBM constructs, incorporating AI-supported educational materials, gamified learning tools, and interactive components. The control group will receive routine institutional training.
Data will be collected at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and two months after the intervention. Outcome measures will include knowledge levels, attitudes toward safe use of sharps, and risk perception related to sharps injuries.
The findings of this study are expected to contribute to the development of innovative, theory-based educational strategies and support the integration of AI-supported and gamified training approaches into healthcare institutions to enhance occupational safety among nurses.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- This study will use a non-randomized parallel group design with pretest, posttest, and two-month follow-up assessments. Groups will be assigned by hospital to prevent interaction between participants.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention Group | Experimental | Behavioral: Experimental: Intervention GroupNurses in the intervention group will receive a Health Belief Model-based, AI-supported gamified training program designed to improve knowledge and attitudes toward sharps injury prevention. |
| Control Group | Active comparator | Behavioral: control groupStandard training provided by the institution, including lectures and question-answer sessions on sharps injury prevention. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Registered nurses working in the participating hospitals
- Working in the institution for at least 2 months (Phase 1) or newly employed within the last 1 month (Phase 2)
- Willing to participate in the study
- Able to use smartphone-based technologies
- Providing written informed consent
Key exclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Having received prior training based on the Health Belief Model for sharps injury prevention
- Previous professional nursing experience before current employment (for newly recruited nurses in Phase 2)
- Being on leave during the data collection period
- Failure to attend training sessions (intervention group)
- Incomplete data collection forms
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Experimental: Intervention GroupA structured training program consisting of seven sessions, incorporating artificial intelligence-supported educational content, gamified scenarios, interactive videos, and digital feedback mechanisms to enhance learning and promote behavior change. | Behavioural | Intervention Group |
| control groupStandard training provided by the institution, including lectures and question-answer sessions on sharps injury prevention. | Behavioural | Control Group |
Primary outcome
Nurses' knowledge level regarding sharps injury prevention
Time frame: Baseline (pretest), immediately after the intervention (posttest), and 2 months after the intervention
Knowledge level will be assessed using a structured knowledge questionnaire consisting of 25 items developed based on the literature. Higher scores indicate greater knowledge regarding sharps injury prevention.
2 secondary outcomes
Attitudes toward safe use of sharps
Time frame: Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 2 months after the intervention
Sharps injury risk perception and prediction score
Time frame: Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 2 months after the intervention
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 1 May 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. Individual participant data (IPD) will not be shared due to ethical and privacy considerations. The study involves human participants, and sharing individual-level data may pose a risk to confidentiality despite anonymization. Data will be used solely for research purposes in accordance with ethical approval and institutional regulations.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Ziyafet Uğurlu, Professor principal investigator
Baskent University
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Experimental: Intervention Group in people with Sharps Injuries and Needlestick Injuries, run by Baskent University.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 6 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: opening soon, as of the sponsor's last update on 1 May 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact İsmail Kuşoğlu, PhD. Student (+905062172248, 22310206@mail.baskent.edu.tr), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Nurses' knowledge level regarding sharps injury prevention (time frame: Baseline (pretest), immediately after the intervention (posttest), and 2 months after the intervention). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 1 May 2026.