SatietyNCT07563985
Effect of Lemon Juice and Apple Cider Vinegar on Postprandial Blood Glucose and Satiety in Healthy Individuals
A study testing Lemon Juice 50 g, Lemon Juice 100 g and Apple Cider Vinegar 10 g in people with Satiety and Postprandial Glycemia, run by Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
This clinical study aims to examine how acidic drinks (lemon juice and apple cider vinegar) affect blood sugar when consumed with a starchy food. The study focuses on healthy individuals and aims to understand whether these drinks can slow the rise in blood sugar after meals and affect feelings of fullness. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 35 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Satiety, Postprandial Glycemia
- What is being tested?
- Lemon Juice 50 g, Lemon Juice 100 g and Apple Cider Vinegar 10 g
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 15 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 1 May 2026to 1 Jul 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 35 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Healthy male and female volunteers aged 18-35 years
- Body Mass Index (BMI) between 18.5 and 25.0 kg/m²
- Willingness to provide written informed consent
- Ability to comply with study procedures and fasting requirements
- No history of chronic metabolic, gastrointestinal, or endocrine diseases
Who cannot join
- Presence of any chronic disease (e.g., diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, gastrointestinal disorders)
- Food allergies or intolerances to study foods (white bread, lemon juice, apple cider vinegar)
- BMI <18.5 or >25.0 kg/m²
- Regular participation in high-intensity physical activity (≥5 days/week)
- Current or recent (past 3 months) smoking or smoking cessation
- Use of any medication or supplements affecting glucose metabolism
Show all 11Show fewer
- History of eating disorders
- Pregnancy, lactation, or menopause
- Female participants currently in menstruation period (testing will be postponed during menstruation days)
- Alcohol consumption within 24 hours prior to testing days
- Caffeine intake or major dietary changes on the day before testing
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University
Alanya, Antalya, 07400
Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, +90 242 510 60 60 ext. +90 242, alku@alanya.edu.tr
About this study
Official title: The Effect of Lemon Juice and Apple Cider Vinegar on Postprandial Blood Glucose and Satiety in Healthy Individuals
This clinical study aims to examine how acidic drinks (lemon juice and apple cider vinegar) affect blood sugar when consumed with a starchy food. The study focuses on healthy individuals and aims to understand whether these drinks can slow the rise in blood sugar after meals and affect feelings of fullness.
The main questions this study aims to answer are:
Read more
Do lemon juice or apple cider vinegar lower the rise in blood sugar after a meal? Do these drinks increase feelings of fullness? Do different amounts change their effects?
Researchers will compare lemon juice and apple cider vinegar to see which one is more effective.
Participants will:
Consume white bread in the morning on an empty stomach with one of the following drinks:
Water only Water with lemon juice (50 g or 100 g) Water with apple cider vinegar (10 g or 20 g) Have a one-week break between each test. Have their blood sugar measured at regular intervals for 3 hours after eating. Report their level of fullness using a simple scale.
This study explores whether simple and practical dietary choices can help manage blood sugar levels. The findings may support new, easy-to-apply nutrition strategies for managing diabetes and weight.
Read the detailed description
Glycemic response plays an important role in the prevention and management of metabolic conditions such as diabetes and obesity. Different foods can cause rapid or slow increases in blood sugar levels. One factor that may influence this response is the acidity of foods. Acidic components may slow starch digestion and delay the rise in blood glucose by affecting digestive enzymes and gastric emptying. However, there are limited studies examining how the acidity of meals influences glycemic response in practical, real-life conditions.
This study is designed to investigate the effects of consuming acidic beverages, specifically lemon juice and apple cider vinegar, together with a starch-rich food. The study will compare their effects on post-meal blood glucose levels and feelings of fullness in healthy individuals. Different amounts of these acidic components will also be evaluated to understand dose-related effects.
Participants will consume standardized meals under controlled conditions, and their blood glucose response and satiety levels will be monitored over time. The study follows a comparative approach to assess the relative effectiveness of each intervention.
The findings of this study may help identify simple and practical dietary strategies to support better blood sugar control. As lemon juice and vinegar are widely available and easy to include in daily meals, the results may offer accessible approaches for improving dietary habits and supporting metabolic health.
- Conditions
- Satiety, Postprandial Glycemia
- Being tested
- Control (Water + White Bread), Lemon Juice 50 g, Lemon Juice 100 g, Apple Cider Vinegar 10 g, Apple Cider Vinegar 20 g
- Keywords
- Lemon Juice, Apple Cider Vinegar, Glycemic Response, Starch Hydrolysis, Satiety, Postprandial Glucose
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Control (Water + White Bread)Dietary supplement
Participants will consume 100 g of white bread together with plain water (no acidic additive). This condition serves as the control arm for assessing baseline postprandial glycemic response and satiety. Capillary blood glucose will be measured at baseline and at multiple time points up to 180 minutes following consumption. Satiety and appetite sensations will be assessed using a 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS).
Lemon Juice 50 gDietary supplement
Participants will consume 100 g of white bread together with 50 g of lemon juice diluted in water. This intervention is designed to evaluate the effect of a low-dose acidic beverage (citric acid source) on postprandial blood glucose response and satiety. Capillary blood glucose levels will be measured at predefined time points up to 180 minutes, and subjective appetite sensations will be assessed using a 100-mm VAS.
Lemon Juice 100 gDietary supplement
Participants will consume 100 g of white bread together with 100 g of lemon juice diluted in water. This condition evaluates the dose-dependent effect of citric acid intake on postprandial glycemic response, glucose peak, and satiety. Serial capillary blood glucose measurements and VAS-based appetite assessments will be conducted over a 180-minute postprandial period.
Apple Cider Vinegar 10 gDietary supplement
Participants will consume 100 g of white bread together with 10 g of apple cider vinegar diluted in water. This intervention aims to assess the effect of a low-dose acetic acid source on postprandial glucose regulation and satiety. Capillary blood glucose will be measured at multiple time points for 180 minutes, and subjective appetite ratings will be recorded using a visual analog scale.
Apple Cider Vinegar 20 gDietary supplement
Participants will consume 100 g of white bread together with 20 g of apple cider vinegar diluted in water. This intervention evaluates the potential dose-response effect of acetic acid on postprandial glycemic control, including glucose peak, incremental glucose response, and satiety perception over a 180-minute period.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Control (Water + White Bread) | Experimental | Participants consume white bread together with plain water only. This arm serves as the control condition to evaluate postprandial blood glucose response without any acidic additive. Receives: Dietary Supplement: Control (Water + White Bread) |
| Lemon Juice 50 g | Experimental | Participants consume white bread together with water containing 50 g lemon juice. This arm evaluates the effect of low-dose lemon juice on postprandial blood glucose response and satiety. Receives: Dietary Supplement: Lemon Juice 50 g |
| Lemon Juice 100 g | Experimental | Participants consume white bread together with water containing 100 g lemon juice. This arm evaluates the dose-dependent effect of lemon juice on postprandial blood glucose response and satiety. Receives: Dietary Supplement: Lemon Juice 100 g |
| Apple Cider Vinegar 10 g | Experimental | Participants consume white bread together with water containing 10 g apple cider vinegar. This arm evaluates the effect of low-dose apple cider vinegar on postprandial blood glucose response and satiety. Receives: Dietary Supplement: Apple Cider Vinegar 10 g |
| Apple Cider Vinegar 20 g | Experimental | Participants consume white bread together with water containing 20 g apple cider vinegar. This arm evaluates the effect of higher-dose apple cider vinegar on postprandial blood glucose response and satiety. Receives: Dietary Supplement: Apple Cider Vinegar 20 g |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Postprandial Blood Glucose (mg/dL)
Capillary blood glucose levels will be measured at baseline (0 min) and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes after consumption of test meals. Measurements will be performed in duplicate and mean values will be used.
Measured: Baseline (0 min) to 180 minutes postprandial on each test day (with 1-week washout between interventions)
Incremental Area Under the Curve (iAUC)
Incremental area under the curve (iAUC) for postprandial blood glucose will be calculated based on capillary glucose measurements over 180 minutes.
Measured: Baseline (0 min) to 180 minutes postprandial on each test day
Total Area Under the Curve (AUC)
Total area under the curve (AUC) for postprandial blood glucose will be calculated using capillary glucose measurements over 180 minutes.
Measured: Baseline (0 min) to 180 minutes postprandial on each test day
Peak Blood Glucose Level (mg/dL)
Peak postprandial blood glucose level will be determined from capillary glucose measurements over the 180-minute period.
Measured: Baseline (0 min) to 180 minutes postprandial on each test day
Secondary outcomes (3)
Subjective Appetite Score (VAS, mm)
Subjective appetite sensations (hunger, satiety, fullness, prospective food consumption, and desire for sweet foods) will be assessed using a 100-mm Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at baseline and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes postprandially.
Measured: Baseline (0 min) to 180 minutes postprandial on each test day
Time to Peak Glucose (minutes)
Time to reach peak postprandial blood glucose will be calculated from capillary glucose measurements.
Measured: Baseline (0 min) to 180 minutes postprandial on each test day
Rate of Glucose Increase (mg/dL/min)
Rate of increase in postprandial blood glucose will be calculated based on capillary glucose measurements.
Measured: Baseline (0 min) to 180 minutes postprandial on each test day
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted4 May 2026
- Study start1 May 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion1 Jul 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion1 Jul 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (4)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for SatietyStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Model description
- The study will be conducted on 15 healthy volunteers aged 18-35 years. On separate test days, participants will consume white bread together with water, lemon juice solution, or apple cider vinegar solution. Postprandial blood glucose levels will be measured using a glucometer at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Satiety will be assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS). From the recorded glucose values, peak glucose levels, maximum glucose increase, percentage glucose increase, time to peak glucose, and glucose rise rate will be calculated. The study also evaluates the effects of different amounts of lemon juice and apple cider vinegar on glycemic response and satiety in a comparative manner. The findings may provide preliminary evidence for future research and contribute to the understanding of simple dietary strategies for improving postprandial glycemic control.
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 15 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Ezgi Toptaş Biyikli, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07563985
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 10354421-2025/09-10
- Status last verified
- Apr 2026
- First submitted
- 21 Apr 2026
- Last updated
- 4 May 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Freitas D, Le Feunteun S. Inhibitory effect of black tea, lemon juice, and other beverages on salivary and pancreatic amylases: What impact on bread starch digestion? A dynamic in vitro study. Food Chem. 2019 Nov 1;297:124885. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.05.159. Epub 2019 May 24.
PubMed 31253299Ostman E, Granfeldt Y, Persson L, Bjorck I. Vinegar supplementation lowers glucose and insulin responses and increases satiety after a bread meal in healthy subjects. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2005 Sep;59(9):983-8. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602197.
PubMed 16015276Gheflati A, Bashiri R, Ghadiri-Anari A, Reza JZ, Kord MT, Nadjarzadeh A. The effect of apple vinegar consumption on glycemic indices, blood pressure, oxidative stress, and homocysteine in patients with type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2019 Oct;33:132-138. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2019.06.006. Epub 2019 Jul 9.
PubMed 31451249Freitas D, Boue F, Benallaoua M, Airinei G, Benamouzig R, Le Feunteun S. Lemon juice, but not tea, reduces the glycemic response to bread in healthy volunteers: a randomized crossover trial. Eur J Nutr. 2021 Feb;60(1):113-122. doi: 10.1007/s00394-020-02228-x. Epub 2020 Mar 23.
PubMed 32201919
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 4 May 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effect of Lemon Juice and Apple Cider Vinegar on Postprandial Blood Glucose and Satiety in Healthy Individuals
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07563985
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 10354421-2025/09-10
- Conditions
- Satiety, Postprandial Glycemia
- Keywords
- Lemon Juice, Apple Cider Vinegar, Glycemic Response, Starch Hydrolysis, Satiety, Postprandial Glucose
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 15 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 May 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- 1 Jul 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 1 Jul 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 4 May 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This clinical study aims to examine how acidic drinks (lemon juice and apple cider vinegar) affect blood sugar when consumed with a starchy food. The study focuses on healthy individuals and aims to understand whether these drinks can slow the rise in blood sugar after meals and affect feelings of fullness.
The main questions this study aims to answer are:
Do lemon juice or apple cider vinegar lower the rise in blood sugar after a meal? Do these drinks increase feelings of fullness? Do different amounts change their effects?
Researchers will compare lemon juice and apple cider vinegar to see which one is more effective.
Participants will:
Consume white bread in the morning on an empty stomach with one of the following drinks:
Water only Water with lemon juice (50 g or 100 g) Water with apple cider vinegar (10 g or 20 g) Have a one-week break between each test. Have their blood sugar measured at regular intervals for 3 hours after eating. Report their level of fullness using a simple scale.
This study explores whether simple and practical dietary choices can help manage blood sugar levels. The findings may support new, easy-to-apply nutrition strategies for managing diabetes and weight.
Detailed description
Glycemic response plays an important role in the prevention and management of metabolic conditions such as diabetes and obesity. Different foods can cause rapid or slow increases in blood sugar levels. One factor that may influence this response is the acidity of foods. Acidic components may slow starch digestion and delay the rise in blood glucose by affecting digestive enzymes and gastric emptying. However, there are limited studies examining how the acidity of meals influences glycemic response in practical, real-life conditions.
This study is designed to investigate the effects of consuming acidic beverages, specifically lemon juice and apple cider vinegar, together with a starch-rich food. The study will compare their effects on post-meal blood glucose levels and feelings of fullness in healthy individuals. Different amounts of these acidic components will also be evaluated to understand dose-related effects.
Participants will consume standardized meals under controlled conditions, and their blood glucose response and satiety levels will be monitored over time. The study follows a comparative approach to assess the relative effectiveness of each intervention.
The findings of this study may help identify simple and practical dietary strategies to support better blood sugar control. As lemon juice and vinegar are widely available and easy to include in daily meals, the results may offer accessible approaches for improving dietary habits and supporting metabolic health.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 5
- Model description
- The study will be conducted on 15 healthy volunteers aged 18-35 years. On separate test days, participants will consume white bread together with water, lemon juice solution, or apple cider vinegar solution. Postprandial blood glucose levels will be measured using a glucometer at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. Satiety will be assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS). From the recorded glucose values, peak glucose levels, maximum glucose increase, percentage glucose increase, time to peak glucose, and glucose rise rate will be calculated. The study also evaluates the effects of different amounts of lemon juice and apple cider vinegar on glycemic response and satiety in a comparative manner. The findings may provide preliminary evidence for future research and contribute to the understanding of simple dietary strategies for improving postprandial glycemic control.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Control (Water + White Bread) | Experimental | Dietary Supplement: Control (Water + White Bread)Participants consume white bread together with plain water only. This arm serves as the control condition to evaluate postprandial blood glucose response without any acidic additive. |
| Lemon Juice 50 g | Experimental | Dietary Supplement: Lemon Juice 50 gParticipants consume white bread together with water containing 50 g lemon juice. This arm evaluates the effect of low-dose lemon juice on postprandial blood glucose response and satiety. |
| Lemon Juice 100 g | Experimental | Dietary Supplement: Lemon Juice 100 gParticipants consume white bread together with water containing 100 g lemon juice. This arm evaluates the dose-dependent effect of lemon juice on postprandial blood glucose response and satiety. |
| Apple Cider Vinegar 10 g | Experimental | Dietary Supplement: Apple Cider Vinegar 10 gParticipants consume white bread together with water containing 10 g apple cider vinegar. This arm evaluates the effect of low-dose apple cider vinegar on postprandial blood glucose response and satiety. |
| Apple Cider Vinegar 20 g | Experimental | Dietary Supplement: Apple Cider Vinegar 20 gParticipants consume white bread together with water containing 20 g apple cider vinegar. This arm evaluates the effect of higher-dose apple cider vinegar on postprandial blood glucose response and satiety. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 35 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Healthy male and female volunteers aged 18-35 years
- Body Mass Index (BMI) between 18.5 and 25.0 kg/m²
- Willingness to provide written informed consent
- Ability to comply with study procedures and fasting requirements
- No history of chronic metabolic, gastrointestinal, or endocrine diseases
Key exclusion criteria (11 listed)
- Presence of any chronic disease (e.g., diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, gastrointestinal disorders)
- Food allergies or intolerances to study foods (white bread, lemon juice, apple cider vinegar)
- BMI <18.5 or >25.0 kg/m²
- Regular participation in high-intensity physical activity (≥5 days/week)
- Current or recent (past 3 months) smoking or smoking cessation
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Control (Water + White Bread)Participants will consume 100 g of white bread together with plain water (no acidic additive). This condition serves as the control arm for assessing baseline postprandial glycemic response and satiety. Capillary blood glucose will be measured at baseline and at multiple time points up to 180 minutes following consumption. Satiety and appetite sensations will be assessed using a 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS). | Dietary supplement | Control (Water + White Bread) |
| Lemon Juice 50 gParticipants will consume 100 g of white bread together with 50 g of lemon juice diluted in water. This intervention is designed to evaluate the effect of a low-dose acidic beverage (citric acid source) on postprandial blood glucose response and satiety. Capillary blood glucose levels will be measured at predefined time points up to 180 minutes, and subjective appetite sensations will be assessed using a 100-mm VAS. | Dietary supplement | Lemon Juice 50 g |
| Lemon Juice 100 gParticipants will consume 100 g of white bread together with 100 g of lemon juice diluted in water. This condition evaluates the dose-dependent effect of citric acid intake on postprandial glycemic response, glucose peak, and satiety. Serial capillary blood glucose measurements and VAS-based appetite assessments will be conducted over a 180-minute postprandial period. | Dietary supplement | Lemon Juice 100 g |
| Apple Cider Vinegar 10 gParticipants will consume 100 g of white bread together with 10 g of apple cider vinegar diluted in water. This intervention aims to assess the effect of a low-dose acetic acid source on postprandial glucose regulation and satiety. Capillary blood glucose will be measured at multiple time points for 180 minutes, and subjective appetite ratings will be recorded using a visual analog scale. | Dietary supplement | Apple Cider Vinegar 10 g |
| Apple Cider Vinegar 20 gParticipants will consume 100 g of white bread together with 20 g of apple cider vinegar diluted in water. This intervention evaluates the potential dose-response effect of acetic acid on postprandial glycemic control, including glucose peak, incremental glucose response, and satiety perception over a 180-minute period. | Dietary supplement | Apple Cider Vinegar 20 g |
Primary outcome
Postprandial Blood Glucose (mg/dL)
Time frame: Baseline (0 min) to 180 minutes postprandial on each test day (with 1-week washout between interventions)
Capillary blood glucose levels will be measured at baseline (0 min) and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes after consumption of test meals. Measurements will be performed in duplicate and mean values will be used.
Incremental Area Under the Curve (iAUC)
Time frame: Baseline (0 min) to 180 minutes postprandial on each test day
Incremental area under the curve (iAUC) for postprandial blood glucose will be calculated based on capillary glucose measurements over 180 minutes.
Total Area Under the Curve (AUC)
Time frame: Baseline (0 min) to 180 minutes postprandial on each test day
Total area under the curve (AUC) for postprandial blood glucose will be calculated using capillary glucose measurements over 180 minutes.
Peak Blood Glucose Level (mg/dL)
Time frame: Baseline (0 min) to 180 minutes postprandial on each test day
Peak postprandial blood glucose level will be determined from capillary glucose measurements over the 180-minute period.
3 secondary outcomes
Subjective Appetite Score (VAS, mm)
Time frame: Baseline (0 min) to 180 minutes postprandial on each test day
Time to Peak Glucose (minutes)
Time frame: Baseline (0 min) to 180 minutes postprandial on each test day
Rate of Glucose Increase (mg/dL/min)
Time frame: Baseline (0 min) to 180 minutes postprandial on each test day
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 4 May 2026.
- Results publication: PubMed 31253299Freitas D, Le Feunteun S. Inhibitory effect of black tea, lemon juice, and other beverages on salivary and pancreatic amylases: What impact on bread starch digestion? A dynamic in vitro study. Food Chem. 2019 Nov 1;297:124885. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.05.159. Epub 2019 May 24.
- Results publication: PubMed 16015276Ostman E, Granfeldt Y, Persson L, Bjorck I. Vinegar supplementation lowers glucose and insulin responses and increases satiety after a bread meal in healthy subjects. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2005 Sep;59(9):983-8. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602197.
- Results publication: PubMed 31451249Gheflati A, Bashiri R, Ghadiri-Anari A, Reza JZ, Kord MT, Nadjarzadeh A. The effect of apple vinegar consumption on glycemic indices, blood pressure, oxidative stress, and homocysteine in patients with type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2019 Oct;33:132-138. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2019.06.006. Epub 2019 Jul 9.
- Results publication: PubMed 32201919Freitas D, Boue F, Benallaoua M, Airinei G, Benamouzig R, Le Feunteun S. Lemon juice, but not tea, reduces the glycemic response to bread in healthy volunteers: a randomized crossover trial. Eur J Nutr. 2021 Feb;60(1):113-122. doi: 10.1007/s00394-020-02228-x. Epub 2020 Mar 23.
- Related InfoLink provided by the sponsor.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Lemon Juice 50 g, Lemon Juice 100 g and Apple Cider Vinegar 10 g in people with Satiety and Postprandial Glycemia, run by Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 11 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 4 May 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Ezgi Toptaş Bıyıklı, Assistant Professor (90 505 751 96 21, ezgi.biyikli@alanya.edu.tr), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Postprandial Blood Glucose (mg/dL) (time frame: Baseline (0 min) to 180 minutes postprandial on each test day (with 1-week washout between interventions)). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07563985, which also lists 4 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 4 May 2026.