Hemarthrosis, KneeNCT07579585
Effects of Photobiomodulation in Hemophilia Patients.
A study testing photobiomodulation in people with Hemarthrosis, Knee and Hemophilia, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
Hemophilia is a genetic bleeding disorder that commonly leads to knee hemarthrosis, causing pain, swelling, and reduced joint mobility in children. While standard treatments include clotting factor replacement and physiotherapy, additional non-invasive approaches are being explored. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 9 to 14 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Hemarthrosis, Knee, Hemophilia
- What is being tested?
- photobiomodulation
- Type of treatment
- Surgery or procedure
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 24 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- 5 Apr 2026to 10 Jul 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 9 to 14 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child
Who may be able to join
- Hemophilia patients with knee hemarthosis
- Patients of age 9-14 yrs will be taken
- Bothmaleand female population will be included
Who cannot join
- Presence of open wounds at or near the treatment site.
- Kneejoint subluxation.
- Presence of congenital or acquired skeletal deformities.
- Children diagnosed with cardiopulmonary dysfunctions.
- Children with neurological deficits
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Effects of Photobiomodulation on Knee Hemarthosis in Patients With Hemophilia.
Hemophilia is a genetic bleeding disorder that commonly leads to knee hemarthrosis, causing pain, swelling, and reduced joint mobility in children. While standard treatments include clotting factor replacement and physiotherapy, additional non-invasive approaches are being explored. This study aims to evaluate the effects of photobiomodulation on knee hemarthrosis in male hemophilia patients aged 9-14 years. It focuses on determining whether this therapy can reduce pain and swelling and improve joint range of motion when used alongside
Read the detailed description
Hemophilia is a hereditary bleeding disorder characterized by a deficiency in clottingfactors VIII or IX, leading to spontaneous or trauma-induced internal bleeding, especially into muscles and joints. Knee hemarthrosis is among the most commonanddebilitating complications in pediatric hemophilia patients, contributing to chronicjoint pain, restricted mobility, and long-term deformities. Conventional management includes clotting factor replacement and physiotherapeutic interventions such as theRICE protocol. However, complementary, non-invasive strategies are increasinglybeing explored to enhance joint health and reduce recurrent bleeding episodes. Photobiomodulation (PBM), also known as low-level laser therapy (LLLT), has shown promising effects on reducing inflammation, promoting tissue repair, andmanaging musculoskeletal pain, but its role in managing hemarthrosis in hemophiliaremains underexplored. This quasi-experimental study aims to evaluate the effects of photobiomodulationonknee hemarthrosis in male hemophilia patients aged 9 to 14 years. The study will beconducted at Sundas Foundation, Sialkot, following ethical approval fromBASAR. Atotal sample size of 24 will be selected using non-probability convenient sampling.Patients will be receiving LLLT in addition to standard care for 10 minutes for 3 days a week after an acute internal bleed or swelling. The primary outcomes assessedwill include pain intensity (using the Visual Analogue Scale), swelling (using a measuringtape), and range of motion (measured with a goniometer). Data will be collectedpre- and post-intervention to observe the effectiveness of PBM in improving joint functionand reducing hemarthrosis severity. The data will be collected using SPSS version26.
- Conditions
- Hemarthrosis, Knee, Hemophilia
- Being tested
- photobiomodulation
- Keywords
- Photobiomodulation, Hemarthrosis, Hemophilia
- Medical subject headings
- Hemarthrosis, Hemophilia A
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
photobiomodulationRadiation
Photobiomodulation is a non-invasive therapy that uses low-level light (typically from lasers or LEDs) to stimulate cellular activity and promote healing. It works by enhancing mitochondrial function, increasing energy (ATP) production, and reducing inflammation. This therapy is commonly used for pain relief, tissue repair, and improving recovery in various clinical conditions.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| photobiomodulation | Experimental | The intervention involves the application of low-level laser therapy (LLLT), also referred to as photobiomodulation (PBM), using a diode laser device with the intensity in the range of 1 to 500 mW . The laser was applied in continuous-wave mode directly to the skin over the knee joint at multiple anatomical points, including the medial, lateral, superior, and inferior aspects of the patella, covering 8 to 9 specific locations. Total treatment time will be 10 minutes, delivered with a spot size 13 Effects of Photobiomodulation o knee hemarthosis in children with Hemophilia ranging from 0.04 to 0.07 cm². During the procedure, patients are positioned in a supine posture with the knee slightly flexed (20-30°) to allow optimal access to the target areas. Receives: Radiation: photobiomodulation |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
VAS
The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) is a simple and widely used tool to measure a person's pain intensity.
It typically consists of a 10 cm straight line, where:
One end represents "no pain" (0) The other end represents "worst possible pain" (10)
The patient is asked to mark a point on the line that best represents their level of pain. The distance from the "no pain" end to the marked point is then measured and recorded as the pain score.
VAS is easy to use, quick, and effective for tracking changes in pain over time in both clinical and research settings.
Measured: 3rd Day
Measuring Tape
A measuring tape in physiotherapy is a simple, flexible tool used to assess body dimensions such as limb length, girth, and joint swelling. It helps therapists monitor changes over time, evaluate muscle atrophy or edema, and track patient progress during rehabilitation.
Measured: 3rd Day
Goniometer
A goniometer is a scientific instrument used to measure angles. It is commonly used in fields like geometry, engineering, and healthcare. In medicine-especially in physical therapy and orthopedics-it helps measure the range of motion of joints in the human body. A typical goniometer consists of a protractor-like scale with two arms that can be aligned along the body part or object to determine the angle accurately.
Measured: 3rd Day
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted12 May 2026
- Study start5 Apr 2026
- Primary completion5 Jul 2026
- Study completion10 Jul 2026
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Hemarthrosis, KneeStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Riphah International UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 24 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Zaira Zeeshan, MS, Principal investigator, Riphah International University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07579585
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- RCR/RCR&AHS/25/0715
- Status last verified
- Sep 2026
- First submitted
- 5 May 2026
- Last updated
- 30 Sep 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Laccourreye O, Maisonneuve H. French scientific medical journals confronted by developments in medical writing and the transformation of the medical press. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis. 2019 Nov;136(6):475-480. doi: 10.1016/j.anorl.2019.09.002. Epub 2019 Sep 17.
PubMed 31540851
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 30 Sep 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effects of Photobiomodulation on Knee Hemarthosis in Patients With Hemophilia.
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07579585
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- RCR/RCR&AHS/25/0715
- Conditions
- Hemarthrosis, Knee, Hemophilia
- Keywords
- Photobiomodulation, Hemarthrosis, Hemophilia
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 24 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 5 Apr 2026 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 5 Jul 2026 (actual)
- Study completion
- 10 Jul 2026 (actual)
- First posted
- 12 May 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Hemophilia is a genetic bleeding disorder that commonly leads to knee hemarthrosis, causing pain, swelling, and reduced joint mobility in children. While standard treatments include clotting factor replacement and physiotherapy, additional non-invasive approaches are being explored. This study aims to evaluate the effects of photobiomodulation on knee hemarthrosis in male hemophilia patients aged 9-14 years. It focuses on determining whether this therapy can reduce pain and swelling and improve joint range of motion when used alongside
Detailed description
Hemophilia is a hereditary bleeding disorder characterized by a deficiency in clottingfactors VIII or IX, leading to spontaneous or trauma-induced internal bleeding, especially into muscles and joints. Knee hemarthrosis is among the most commonanddebilitating complications in pediatric hemophilia patients, contributing to chronicjoint pain, restricted mobility, and long-term deformities. Conventional management includes clotting factor replacement and physiotherapeutic interventions such as theRICE protocol. However, complementary, non-invasive strategies are increasinglybeing explored to enhance joint health and reduce recurrent bleeding episodes. Photobiomodulation (PBM), also known as low-level laser therapy (LLLT), has shown promising effects on reducing inflammation, promoting tissue repair, andmanaging musculoskeletal pain, but its role in managing hemarthrosis in hemophiliaremains underexplored. This quasi-experimental study aims to evaluate the effects of photobiomodulationonknee hemarthrosis in male hemophilia patients aged 9 to 14 years. The study will beconducted at Sundas Foundation, Sialkot, following ethical approval fromBASAR. Atotal sample size of 24 will be selected using non-probability convenient sampling.Patients will be receiving LLLT in addition to standard care for 10 minutes for 3 days a week after an acute internal bleed or swelling. The primary outcomes assessedwill include pain intensity (using the Visual Analogue Scale), swelling (using a measuringtape), and range of motion (measured with a goniometer). Data will be collectedpre- and post-intervention to observe the effectiveness of PBM in improving joint functionand reducing hemarthrosis severity. The data will be collected using SPSS version26.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| photobiomodulation | Experimental | Radiation: photobiomodulationThe intervention involves the application of low-level laser therapy (LLLT), also referred to as photobiomodulation (PBM), using a diode laser device with the intensity in the range of 1 to 500 mW . The laser was applied in continuous-wave mode directly to the skin over the knee joint at multiple anatomical points, including the medial, lateral, superior, and inferior aspects of the patella, covering 8 to 9 specific locations. Total treatment time will be 10 minutes, delivered with a spot size 13 Effects of Photobiomodulation o knee hemarthosis in children with Hemophilia ranging from 0.04 to 0.07 cm². During the procedure, patients are positioned in a supine posture with the knee slightly flexed (20-30°) to allow optimal access to the target areas. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 9 to 14 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Hemophilia patients with knee hemarthosis
- Patients of age 9-14 yrs will be taken
- Bothmaleand female population will be included
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Presence of open wounds at or near the treatment site.
- Kneejoint subluxation.
- Presence of congenital or acquired skeletal deformities.
- Children diagnosed with cardiopulmonary dysfunctions.
- Children with neurological deficits
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| photobiomodulationPhotobiomodulation is a non-invasive therapy that uses low-level light (typically from lasers or LEDs) to stimulate cellular activity and promote healing. It works by enhancing mitochondrial function, increasing energy (ATP) production, and reducing inflammation. This therapy is commonly used for pain relief, tissue repair, and improving recovery in various clinical conditions. | Radiation | photobiomodulation |
Primary outcome
VAS
Time frame: 3rd Day
The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) is a simple and widely used tool to measure a person's pain intensity. It typically consists of a 10 cm straight line, where: One end represents "no pain" (0) The other end represents "worst possible pain" (10) The patient is asked to mark a point on the line that best represents their level of pain. The distance from the "no pain" end to the marked point is then measured and recorded as the pain score. VAS is easy to use, quick, and effective for tracking changes in pain over time in both clinical and research settings.
Measuring Tape
Time frame: 3rd Day
A measuring tape in physiotherapy is a simple, flexible tool used to assess body dimensions such as limb length, girth, and joint swelling. It helps therapists monitor changes over time, evaluate muscle atrophy or edema, and track patient progress during rehabilitation.
Goniometer
Time frame: 3rd Day
A goniometer is a scientific instrument used to measure angles. It is commonly used in fields like geometry, engineering, and healthcare. In medicine-especially in physical therapy and orthopedics-it helps measure the range of motion of joints in the human body. A typical goniometer consists of a protractor-like scale with two arms that can be aligned along the body part or object to determine the angle accurately.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 30 Sep 2026.
- Background: PubMed 31540851Laccourreye O, Maisonneuve H. French scientific medical journals confronted by developments in medical writing and the transformation of the medical press. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis. 2019 Nov;136(6):475-480. doi: 10.1016/j.anorl.2019.09.002. Epub 2019 Sep 17.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Zaira Zeeshan, MS principal investigator
Riphah International University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing photobiomodulation in people with Hemarthrosis, Knee and Hemophilia, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 30 Sep 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
VAS (time frame: 3rd Day). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07579585, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 30 Sep 2026.