Partial Rotator Cuff TearsFULLCAN-PRCTNCT07587931
Concentric vs Eccentric Full Can Exercise in Partial Rotator Cuff Tears
A study testing Concentric Full Can Exercise, Eccentric Full Can Exercise and Standard Physiotherapy Program in people with Partial Rotator Cuff Tears and Rotator Cuff Injuries, run by Firat University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
This study aims to compare the effects of concentric and eccentric full can exercises on supraspinatus muscle architecture in individuals with partial rotator cuff tears. Rotator cuff tears are a common cause of shoulder pain and functional limitation. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Partial Rotator Cuff Tears, Rotator Cuff Injuries, Shoulder Pain Syndrome
- What is being tested?
- Concentric Full Can Exercise, Eccentric Full Can Exercise and Standard Physiotherapy Program
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 60 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 20 Jul 2026to 20 Nov 2027
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Aged between 18 and 65 years
- Diagnosed with partial supraspinatus tendon tear confirmed by ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging
- Shoulder pain lasting at least 3 months
- Pain intensity ≥3 on the Visual Analog Scale (VAS)
- Willing to participate and provide informed consent
Who cannot join
- Full-thickness rotator cuff tear
- History of shoulder surgery
- Shoulder instability
- Neurological disorders
- Rheumatological diseases
- Corticosteroid injection within the last 3 months
- Inability to adhere to the exercise program
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Firat University
Elâzığ, MErkez, 23200
Muharrem Gökhan Beydağı, PhD, 05323581105, mgbeydagi@firat.edu.tr
Muhammet Şahin Elbastı, MD
About this study
Official title: Comparison of the Effects of Concentric and Eccentric Full Can Exercises on Supraspinatus Muscle Architecture in Individuals With Partial Rotator Cuff Tears
This study aims to compare the effects of concentric and eccentric full can exercises on supraspinatus muscle architecture in individuals with partial rotator cuff tears.
Rotator cuff tears are a common cause of shoulder pain and functional limitation. The supraspinatus muscle plays a key role in shoulder movement and stability, and its structure may be affected in individuals with partial tears.
Read more
Exercise-based rehabilitation is widely used in the conservative management of these conditions. The full can exercise is commonly prescribed to selectively activate the supraspinatus muscle. However, the effects of different contraction types, specifically concentric and eccentric exercises, on muscle structure and clinical outcomes are not fully understood.
In this study, participants will be randomly assigned to either a concentric or eccentric full can exercise group. Both groups will receive a standard physiotherapy program, including therapeutic ultrasound and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), in addition to the assigned exercise protocol.
The intervention will last for 6 weeks, with sessions performed three times per week. Outcomes will be assessed before and after the intervention.
The primary outcome is the change in supraspinatus muscle pennation angle measured by ultrasound imaging. Secondary outcomes include muscle architecture parameters, pain intensity, range of motion, muscle strength, functional status, and kinesiophobia.
The findings of this study may help improve exercise selection in the rehabilitation of individuals with rotator cuff tears.
Read the detailed description
Study Design and Setting This study is designed as a prospective, randomized, assessor-blinded, parallel-group clinical trial. The study will be conducted at Firat University Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, and Fethi Sekin City Hospital, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.
Participants A total of 60 individuals aged between 18 and 65 years with a diagnosis of partial supraspinatus tendon tear confirmed by ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging will be included. Participants will be randomly allocated into two groups (n=30 per group).
Randomization and Blinding Participants will be assigned to groups using a computer-generated randomization sequence. Allocation will be concealed using sealed, opaque envelopes. Outcome assessments will be performed by a blinded assessor.
Interventions
Both groups will receive a standard physiotherapy program including:
Therapeutic ultrasound Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) Standard shoulder rehabilitation exercises
The only difference between groups will be the contraction type of the full can exercise:
Concentric Group: Emphasis on the lifting phase (approximately 2 seconds), with minimal eccentric loading Eccentric Group: Emphasis on the lowering phase (approximately 4 seconds), with minimal concentric loading
All interventions will be applied 3 times per week for 6 weeks (total of 18 sessions).
Outcome Measures
Primary Outcome:
Supraspinatus muscle pennation angle measured by B-mode ultrasonography
Secondary Outcomes:
Muscle architecture parameters (fiber length, physiological cross-sectional area) Pain intensity (Visual Analog Scale) Range of motion (goniometric assessment) Muscle strength (hand-held dynamometry) Functional status (DASH, SPADI) Kinesiophobia (Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia)
Assessments will be performed at baseline (T0) and at the end of the 6-week intervention (T1).
Sample Size and Statistical Analysis Sample size calculation was based on the primary outcome (pennation angle change), assuming an effect size of 0.70, alpha of 0.05, and power of 80%. A minimum of 26 participants per group was required; therefore, 30 participants per group will be recruited to account for potential dropouts.
Data will be analyzed using appropriate statistical methods including mixed-design ANOVA for group and time comparisons. Non-parametric tests will be used if assumptions are not met. Intention-to-treat analysis will be applied.
Ethical Considerations The study will be conducted in accordance with ethical principles for human research. Informed consent will be obtained from all participants prior to inclusion.
- Being tested
- Concentric Full Can Exercise, Eccentric Full Can Exercise, Standard Physiotherapy Program
- Keywords
- Supraspinatus Muscle, Full Can Exercise, Eccentric Exercise, Concentric Exercise, Shoulder Rehabilitation, Muscle Architecture
- Medical subject headings
- Rotator Cuff Injuries
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Concentric Full Can ExerciseOther
A strengthening exercise performed in the scapular plane with emphasis on the eccentric phase. The lowering phase is performed slowly in approximately 4 seconds against resistance, while the concentric phase is minimized. Exercises are performed 3 times per week for 6 weeks.
Eccentric Full Can ExerciseOther
A strengthening exercise performed in the scapular plane with emphasis on the eccentric phase. The lowering phase is performed slowly in approximately 4 seconds against resistance, while the concentric phase is minimized. Exercises are performed 3 times per week for 6 weeks.
Standard Physiotherapy ProgramOther
Includes therapeutic ultrasound, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), and standard shoulder rehabilitation exercises applied to all participants.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Concentric Exercise Group | Active comparator | Participants will receive a standard physiotherapy program including ultrasound, TENS, and shoulder rehabilitation exercises, combined with concentric full can exercises. The concentric phase (lifting) will be emphasized, while the eccentric phase will be minimally loaded. Receives: Other: Concentric Full Can Exercise; Other: Standard Physiotherapy Program |
| Eccentric Exercise Group | Active comparator | Participants will receive a standard physiotherapy program including ultrasound, TENS, and shoulder rehabilitation exercises, combined with eccentric full can exercises. The eccentric phase (lowering) will be emphasized, while the concentric phase will be minimally loaded. Receives: Other: Eccentric Full Can Exercise; Other: Standard Physiotherapy Program |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Change in Supraspinatus Muscle Pennation Angle
The pennation angle of the supraspinatus muscle will be measured using B-mode ultrasonography. Measurements will be obtained at baseline (T0) and after 6 weeks (T1). The change between time points will be analyzed.
Supraspinatus Muscle Pennation Angle:
- Assessed by B-mode ultrasonography.
- Pennation angle will be measured in degrees (°).
- Higher values indicate greater muscle architectural adaptation.
- Measured at baseline (T0) and after 6 weeks of intervention (T1).
Measured: Baseline and 6 weeks
Secondary outcomes (8)
Change in Supraspinatus Muscle Fiber Length
Measured using B-mode ultrasonography at baseline and after 6 weeks.
Supraspinatus Fascicle Length:
- Measured using B-mode ultrasonography in millimeters (mm).
- Greater fascicle length may indicate improved muscle architectural properties.
- Assessed at baseline and 6 weeks.
Measured: Baseline and 6 weeks
Change in Physiological Cross-Sectional Area of Supraspinatus
Measured via ultrasound imaging at baseline and after 6 weeks.
Physiological Cross-Sectional Area (PCSA):
- Measured using ultrasonography in cm².
- Higher values indicate greater muscle size.
- Assessed at baseline and 6 weeks.
Measured: Baseline and 6 weeks
Change in Pain Intensity (VAS)
Pain intensity will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (0-10 cm).
Visual Analog Scale for Pain:
- Pain intensity will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS).
- The scale ranges from 0 to 10.
- 0 indicates no pain and 10 indicates worst imaginable pain.
- Higher scores indicate worse pain severity.
- Assessed at baseline and 6 weeks.
Measured: Baseline and 6 weeks
Change in Shoulder Range of Motion
Measured using a goniometer for flexion, abduction, internal and external rotation.
Shoulder Range of Motion:
- Active shoulder flexion, abduction, internal rotation, and external rotation will be measured using a universal goniometer in degrees (°).
- Higher values indicate greater joint mobility.
- Assessed at baseline and 6 weeks.
Measured: Baseline and 6 weeks
Change in Shoulder Muscle Strength
Measured using a hand-held dynamometer during isometric contraction. Shoulder Muscle Strength
- Isometric muscle strength will be assessed using a handheld dynamometer.
- Measurements will be recorded in kilograms or Newtons.
- Higher values indicate greater muscle strength.
- Assessed at baseline and 6 weeks.
Measured: Baseline and 6 weeks
Change in Functional Status (DASH Scores)
Functional status will be assessed using DASH questionnaires. Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) Score
- Functional disability will be assessed using the DASH questionnaire.
- Scores range from 0 to 100.
- Higher scores indicate greater disability.
- Assessed at baseline and 6 weeks.
Measured: Baseline and 6 weeks
Change in Functional Status (SPADI Scores)
Functional status will be assessed using SPADI questionnaires.
Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI):
- Shoulder-related pain and disability will be assessed using SPADI.
- Scores range from 0 to 100.
- Higher scores indicate greater pain and disability.
- Assessed at baseline and 6 weeks.
Measured: Baseline and 6 weeks
Change in Kinesiophobia (Tampa Scale)
Measured using the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia.
Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia:
- Fear of movement will be assessed using the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia.
- Scores range from 17 to 68.
- Higher scores indicate greater kinesiophobia.
- Assessed at baseline and 6 weeks.
Measured: Baseline and 6 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted14 May 2026
- Study start20 Jul 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion20 Nov 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion20 Nov 2027 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Partial Rotator Cuff TearsStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Participants will be randomized into two parallel groups receiving either concentric or eccentric full can exercise in addition to a standard physiotherapy program.
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Firat University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Elazıg Fethi Sekin Sehir Hastanesi
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Muharrem Gökhan Beydağı, Firat University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07587931
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- FU_MGBeydagi_RC_B_2026/05
- Acronym
- FULLCAN-PRCT
- Status last verified
- Aug 2026
- First submitted
- 27 Apr 2026
- Last updated
- 11 Aug 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 11 Aug 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Comparison of the Effects of Concentric and Eccentric Full Can Exercises on Supraspinatus Muscle Architecture in Individuals With Partial Rotator Cuff Tears
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07587931
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- FULLCAN-PRCT / FU_MGBeydagi_RC_B_2026/05
- Keywords
- Supraspinatus Muscle, Full Can Exercise, Eccentric Exercise, Concentric Exercise, Shoulder Rehabilitation, Muscle Architecture
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Firat UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Elazıg Fethi Sekin Sehir Hastanesi
- Study start
- 20 Jul 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- 20 Nov 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 20 Nov 2027 (estimated)
- First posted
- 14 May 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study aims to compare the effects of concentric and eccentric full can exercises on supraspinatus muscle architecture in individuals with partial rotator cuff tears.
Rotator cuff tears are a common cause of shoulder pain and functional limitation. The supraspinatus muscle plays a key role in shoulder movement and stability, and its structure may be affected in individuals with partial tears.
Exercise-based rehabilitation is widely used in the conservative management of these conditions. The full can exercise is commonly prescribed to selectively activate the supraspinatus muscle. However, the effects of different contraction types, specifically concentric and eccentric exercises, on muscle structure and clinical outcomes are not fully understood.
In this study, participants will be randomly assigned to either a concentric or eccentric full can exercise group. Both groups will receive a standard physiotherapy program, including therapeutic ultrasound and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), in addition to the assigned exercise protocol.
The intervention will last for 6 weeks, with sessions performed three times per week. Outcomes will be assessed before and after the intervention.
The primary outcome is the change in supraspinatus muscle pennation angle measured by ultrasound imaging. Secondary outcomes include muscle architecture parameters, pain intensity, range of motion, muscle strength, functional status, and kinesiophobia.
The findings of this study may help improve exercise selection in the rehabilitation of individuals with rotator cuff tears.
Detailed description
Study Design and Setting This study is designed as a prospective, randomized, assessor-blinded, parallel-group clinical trial. The study will be conducted at Firat University Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, and Fethi Sekin City Hospital, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.
Participants A total of 60 individuals aged between 18 and 65 years with a diagnosis of partial supraspinatus tendon tear confirmed by ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging will be included. Participants will be randomly allocated into two groups (n=30 per group).
Randomization and Blinding Participants will be assigned to groups using a computer-generated randomization sequence. Allocation will be concealed using sealed, opaque envelopes. Outcome assessments will be performed by a blinded assessor.
Interventions
Both groups will receive a standard physiotherapy program including:
Therapeutic ultrasound Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) Standard shoulder rehabilitation exercises
The only difference between groups will be the contraction type of the full can exercise:
Concentric Group: Emphasis on the lifting phase (approximately 2 seconds), with minimal eccentric loading Eccentric Group: Emphasis on the lowering phase (approximately 4 seconds), with minimal concentric loading
All interventions will be applied 3 times per week for 6 weeks (total of 18 sessions).
Outcome Measures
Primary Outcome:
Supraspinatus muscle pennation angle measured by B-mode ultrasonography
Secondary Outcomes:
Muscle architecture parameters (fiber length, physiological cross-sectional area) Pain intensity (Visual Analog Scale) Range of motion (goniometric assessment) Muscle strength (hand-held dynamometry) Functional status (DASH, SPADI) Kinesiophobia (Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia)
Assessments will be performed at baseline (T0) and at the end of the 6-week intervention (T1).
Sample Size and Statistical Analysis Sample size calculation was based on the primary outcome (pennation angle change), assuming an effect size of 0.70, alpha of 0.05, and power of 80%. A minimum of 26 participants per group was required; therefore, 30 participants per group will be recruited to account for potential dropouts.
Data will be analyzed using appropriate statistical methods including mixed-design ANOVA for group and time comparisons. Non-parametric tests will be used if assumptions are not met. Intention-to-treat analysis will be applied.
Ethical Considerations The study will be conducted in accordance with ethical principles for human research. Informed consent will be obtained from all participants prior to inclusion.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Participants will be randomized into two parallel groups receiving either concentric or eccentric full can exercise in addition to a standard physiotherapy program.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Concentric Exercise Group | Active comparator | Other: Concentric Full Can Exercise, Other: Standard Physiotherapy ProgramParticipants will receive a standard physiotherapy program including ultrasound, TENS, and shoulder rehabilitation exercises, combined with concentric full can exercises. The concentric phase (lifting) will be emphasized, while the eccentric phase will be minimally loaded. |
| Eccentric Exercise Group | Active comparator | Other: Eccentric Full Can Exercise, Other: Standard Physiotherapy ProgramParticipants will receive a standard physiotherapy program including ultrasound, TENS, and shoulder rehabilitation exercises, combined with eccentric full can exercises. The eccentric phase (lowering) will be emphasized, while the concentric phase will be minimally loaded. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 65 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Aged between 18 and 65 years
- Diagnosed with partial supraspinatus tendon tear confirmed by ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging
- Shoulder pain lasting at least 3 months
- Pain intensity ≥3 on the Visual Analog Scale (VAS)
- Willing to participate and provide informed consent
Key exclusion criteria (7 listed)
- Full-thickness rotator cuff tear
- History of shoulder surgery
- Shoulder instability
- Neurological disorders
- Rheumatological diseases
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Concentric Full Can ExerciseA strengthening exercise performed in the scapular plane with emphasis on the eccentric phase. The lowering phase is performed slowly in approximately 4 seconds against resistance, while the concentric phase is minimized. Exercises are performed 3 times per week for 6 weeks. | Other | Concentric Exercise Group |
| Eccentric Full Can ExerciseA strengthening exercise performed in the scapular plane with emphasis on the eccentric phase. The lowering phase is performed slowly in approximately 4 seconds against resistance, while the concentric phase is minimized. Exercises are performed 3 times per week for 6 weeks. | Other | Eccentric Exercise Group |
| Standard Physiotherapy ProgramIncludes therapeutic ultrasound, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), and standard shoulder rehabilitation exercises applied to all participants. | Other | Concentric Exercise Group, Eccentric Exercise Group |
Primary outcome
Change in Supraspinatus Muscle Pennation Angle
Time frame: Baseline and 6 weeks
The pennation angle of the supraspinatus muscle will be measured using B-mode ultrasonography. Measurements will be obtained at baseline (T0) and after 6 weeks (T1). The change between time points will be analyzed. Supraspinatus Muscle Pennation Angle: * Assessed by B-mode ultrasonography. * Pennation angle will be measured in degrees (°). * Higher values indicate greater muscle architectural adaptation. * Measured at baseline (T0) and after 6 weeks of intervention (T1).
8 secondary outcomes
Change in Supraspinatus Muscle Fiber Length
Time frame: Baseline and 6 weeks
Change in Physiological Cross-Sectional Area of Supraspinatus
Time frame: Baseline and 6 weeks
Change in Pain Intensity (VAS)
Time frame: Baseline and 6 weeks
Change in Shoulder Range of Motion
Time frame: Baseline and 6 weeks
Change in Shoulder Muscle Strength
Time frame: Baseline and 6 weeks
Change in Functional Status (DASH Scores)
Time frame: Baseline and 6 weeks
Change in Functional Status (SPADI Scores)
Time frame: Baseline and 6 weeks
Change in Kinesiophobia (Tampa Scale)
Time frame: Baseline and 6 weeks
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 11 Aug 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Concentric Full Can Exercise, Eccentric Full Can Exercise and Standard Physiotherapy Program in people with Partial Rotator Cuff Tears and Rotator Cuff Injuries, run by Firat University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 7 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 11 Aug 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Muharrem Gökhan Beydağı, PhD (+905323581105, mgbeydagi@firat.edu.tr), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Change in Supraspinatus Muscle Pennation Angle (time frame: Baseline and 6 weeks). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 11 Aug 2026.