GeriatricNCT07588685
Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Form of the Enjoyment of Physical Activity Scale-8 in Geriatrics With Minimal Cognitive Impairment
An observational study of Geriatric and Elderly, run by Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
The main objective of this study is to examine the validity and reliability of the Turkish form of the Enjoyment of Physical Activity Scale-8 (PACES-8) in individuals aged 65 and over with Minimal Cognitive Impairment (MCI). Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 65 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Geriatric, Elderly, Cognitive Abnormality
- What is being tested?
- Assessments
- How many people
- 100 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 15 May 2026to 1 Aug 2026
- How long will I take part?
- 1 Week
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 65 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Older adult
Study population: Geriatric individuals aged 65 and over who meet the inclusion criteria for the study.
Who may be able to join
- Being 65 years of age or older,
- Having a diagnosis of Minimal Cognitive Impairment (MCI),
- Having a Standardized Mini Mental Test (SMMT) score between 24 and 27 (mild cognitive impairment level),
- Being largely independent in daily living activities (absence of functional dependency),
- Being able to mobilize independently,
- Having the communication level to understand and answer the survey questions,
- Volunteering to participate in the study and providing written informed consent.
Who cannot join
- Diagnosis of dementia or advanced cognitive impairment,
- Acute medical conditions that prevent participation in physical activity,
- Severe vision or hearing loss,
- Presence of neurological or psychiatric disorders that prevent completion of questionnaire forms,
- Serious neurological event within the last 6 months (stroke, traumatic brain injury, etc.).
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Balıkesir University
Balıkesir
GULFİDAN TOKGÖZ, Lecturer, PhD (c), 0552 022 76 32, gulfidan.tokgoz@gmail.com
Bilal Katipoğlu
About this study
Official title: Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Form of the Enjoyment of Physical Activity Scale-8 (PACES-8) in Geriatric Individuals With Minimal Cognitive Impairment
The main objective of this study is to examine the validity and reliability of the Turkish form of the Enjoyment of Physical Activity Scale-8 (PACES-8) in individuals aged 65 and over with Minimal Cognitive Impairment (MCI).
Read the detailed description
While the psychometric properties of PACES-8 have been examined in various populations in the current literature, data on its validity and reliability in geriatric individuals with Minimal Cognitive Impairment (MCI) are limited. This gap highlights a significant research need to accurately analyze the motivational determinants of physical activity behavior in elderly individuals with cognitive fragility and to make intervention programs more effective. Therefore, evaluating the validity and reliability of PACES-8 in geriatric individuals with MCI will make a significant contribution to both clinical practice and research.
- Conditions
- Geriatric, Elderly, Cognitive Abnormality
- Being tested
- Assessments
- Keywords
- physical activity, enjoyment, cognitive impairment, elderly
- Medical subject headings
- Motor Activity, Cognitive Dysfunction
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
AssessmentsOther
Data will be collected after a controlled intervention representing participants' routine physical activity habits. Following the protocol implemented by Çınar-Medeni et al. (2025), participants will be asked to perform a 15-minute moderate-intensity walk (followed by a talk test). Immediately after the activity, the PACES-8 scale will be administered to measure participants' immediate enjoyment levels. To determine test-retest reliability, the PACES-8 scale will be re-administered to 20% of participants (approximately 20 people) 15 days after the initial measurement.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Geriartric Indivıduals with MCI | The study population will consist of individuals aged 65 and over who have been diagnosed with Minimal Cognitive Impairment. Receives: Other: Assessments |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale-8 (PACES-8):
This is an 8-item scale originally developed by Mullen et al. (2011) and validated in Turkish in adults by Çınar-Medeni et al. (2025). The scale uses a 7-point Likert-type format, with each item scored from 1 (did not enjoy it at all) to 7 (enjoyed it very much). The total score ranges from a minimum of 8 to a maximum of 56, with higher scores indicating greater enjoyment of physical activity.
Measured: 1 week
Secondary outcomes (1)
International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF):
This questionnaire will be used for criterion validity analysis. The IPAQ-SF assesses self-reported vigorous, moderate, and walking physical activity durations over the past 7 days (Öztürk, 2005). Total physical activity level is calculated in MET-minutes/week, with higher scores indicating greater levels of physical activity. The minimum possible score is 0 MET-minutes/week, and there is no fixed maximum, as scores are continuous and vary based on activity duration and intensity.
Measured: 1 week
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted15 May 2026
- Study start15 May 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion15 Jun 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion1 Aug 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (2)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for GeriatricStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Istanbul University - CerrahpasaThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Other
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
- Enrolment
- 100 participants (estimated)
- Target duration
- 1 Week
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Balikesir University
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Gulfidan Tokgoz, Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa
- Investigators
- Bilal Katipoğlu, Principal investigator, Yıldırım Beyazıt Universty
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07588685
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2026/42
- Status last verified
- May 2026
- First submitted
- 9 May 2026
- Last updated
- 18 May 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Mullen SP, Olson EA, Phillips SM, Szabo AN, Wojcicki TR, Mailey EL, Gothe NP, Fanning JT, Kramer AF, McAuley E. Measuring enjoyment of physical activity in older adults: invariance of the physical activity enjoyment scale (paces) across groups and time. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2011 Sep 27;8:103. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-8-103.
PubMed 21951520Chen C, Weyland S, Fritsch J, Woll A, Niessner C, Burchartz A, Schmidt SCE, Jekauc D. A Short Version of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale: Development and Psychometric Properties. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Oct 20;18(21):11035. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182111035.
PubMed 34769552
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 18 May 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Form of the Enjoyment of Physical Activity Scale-8 (PACES-8) in Geriatric Individuals With Minimal Cognitive Impairment
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07588685
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 2026/42
- Conditions
- Geriatric, Elderly, Cognitive Abnormality
- Keywords
- physical activity, enjoyment, cognitive impairment, elderly
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Not yet recruiting
- Enrolment
- 100 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Istanbul University - CerrahpasaUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Balikesir University
- Study start
- 15 May 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- 15 Jun 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 1 Aug 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 15 May 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The main objective of this study is to examine the validity and reliability of the Turkish form of the Enjoyment of Physical Activity Scale-8 (PACES-8) in individuals aged 65 and over with Minimal Cognitive Impairment (MCI).
Detailed description
While the psychometric properties of PACES-8 have been examined in various populations in the current literature, data on its validity and reliability in geriatric individuals with Minimal Cognitive Impairment (MCI) are limited. This gap highlights a significant research need to accurately analyze the motivational determinants of physical activity behavior in elderly individuals with cognitive fragility and to make intervention programs more effective. Therefore, evaluating the validity and reliability of PACES-8 in geriatric individuals with MCI will make a significant contribution to both clinical practice and research.
Study design
- Observational model
- Other
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
- Target follow-up
- 1 Week
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Geriartric Indivıduals with MCI | – | Other: AssessmentsThe study population will consist of individuals aged 65 and over who have been diagnosed with Minimal Cognitive Impairment. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 65 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Older adult
- Study population
- Geriatric individuals aged 65 and over who meet the inclusion criteria for the study.
Key inclusion criteria (7 listed)
- Being 65 years of age or older,
- Having a diagnosis of Minimal Cognitive Impairment (MCI),
- Having a Standardized Mini Mental Test (SMMT) score between 24 and 27 (mild cognitive impairment level),
- Being largely independent in daily living activities (absence of functional dependency),
- Being able to mobilize independently,
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Diagnosis of dementia or advanced cognitive impairment,
- Acute medical conditions that prevent participation in physical activity,
- Severe vision or hearing loss,
- Presence of neurological or psychiatric disorders that prevent completion of questionnaire forms,
- Serious neurological event within the last 6 months (stroke, traumatic brain injury, etc.).
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| AssessmentsData will be collected after a controlled intervention representing participants' routine physical activity habits. Following the protocol implemented by Çınar-Medeni et al. (2025), participants will be asked to perform a 15-minute moderate-intensity walk (followed by a talk test). Immediately after the activity, the PACES-8 scale will be administered to measure participants' immediate enjoyment levels. To determine test-retest reliability, the PACES-8 scale will be re-administered to 20% of participants (approximately 20 people) 15 days after the initial measurement. | Other | Geriartric Indivıduals with MCI |
Primary outcome
Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale-8 (PACES-8):
Time frame: 1 week
This is an 8-item scale originally developed by Mullen et al. (2011) and validated in Turkish in adults by Çınar-Medeni et al. (2025). The scale uses a 7-point Likert-type format, with each item scored from 1 (did not enjoy it at all) to 7 (enjoyed it very much). The total score ranges from a minimum of 8 to a maximum of 56, with higher scores indicating greater enjoyment of physical activity.
1 secondary outcome
International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF):
Time frame: 1 week
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 18 May 2026.
- Results publication: PubMed 21951520Mullen SP, Olson EA, Phillips SM, Szabo AN, Wojcicki TR, Mailey EL, Gothe NP, Fanning JT, Kramer AF, McAuley E. Measuring enjoyment of physical activity in older adults: invariance of the physical activity enjoyment scale (paces) across groups and time. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2011 Sep 27;8:103. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-8-103.
- Results publication: PubMed 34769552Chen C, Weyland S, Fritsch J, Woll A, Niessner C, Burchartz A, Schmidt SCE, Jekauc D. A Short Version of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale: Development and Psychometric Properties. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Oct 20;18(21):11035. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182111035.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Bilal Katipoğlu principal investigator
Yıldırım Beyazıt Universty
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Geriatric and Elderly, run by Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 7 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: opening soon, as of the sponsor's last update on 18 May 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact GULFİDAN TOKGÖZ, Lecturer, PhD (c) (0552 022 76 32, gulfidan.tokgoz@gmail.com), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale-8 (PACES-8): (time frame: 1 week). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07588685, which also lists 2 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 18 May 2026.