NutritionSUPERNET 2NCT07593937
Taxation Online Experimental Supermarket
A study testing Taxation and Subsidies in people with Nutrition and Food Purchasing Intention, run by University of Paris 13 at 1 site in France.
Trial summary
Scientific context The increase in the consumption of unhealthy food coupled with a suboptimal consumption of healthier options have increased the risk of non-communicable diseases (NCD) worldwide. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Nutrition, Food Purchasing Intention
- What is being tested?
- Taxation and Subsidies
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 2,239 participants
- Where
- 1 siteFrance
- Study dates
- 15 Jun 2026to 1 Sep 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Adult subjects (>18 years old) included in the NutriNet-Santé cohort study from all income levels.
- For the subsidies + taxation arm: inclusion only of low income-participants (below the poverty threshold 1,288€ - 60% of the median standard of living of the population)
Who cannot join
- ⁃ Subjects never engaging in grocery shopping. Participants will be excluded for this based on self-reported grocery shopping frequency using a short questionnaire at the inception of the study.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
France1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Université Sorbonne Paris Nord
Bobigny, 93000
Chantal Julia, MD, PhD, 0148388953 ext. +33, c.julia@eren.smbh.univ-paris13.fr
About this study
Official title: Impact of Taxation and Subsidies on the Nutrition Quality of Purchases in an Online Experimental Supermarket, Overall and by Income Level: a Randomized Control Trial
Scientific context The increase in the consumption of unhealthy food coupled with a suboptimal consumption of healthier options have increased the risk of non-communicable diseases (NCD) worldwide. Among other public policies to address the rise in NCD -such as front of pack labelling, regulation of food and beverages in schools, marketing regulations targeted to children- taxation has been recognized as a cost-effective strategy to reduce consumption of taxed products. Although subsidies have been used to reduce food insecurity, with the rise in NCD associated with unhealthy diets, studies have explored the feasibility of combining subsidies to incentivize the consumption healthy food with taxes on unhealthy options. The impact of prices on dietary behaviour of consumers has been demonstrated in experimental designs as well as in economic analysis of observational data on purchases. Although some experimental studies have been used to study the impact of taxation and subsidies among specific populations in France, none has evaluated the impact in the general population.
Objective The aim of the study is to evaluate the impact of implementing taxes on unhealthy food and beverages and subsidies to healthy food, separately and combined, on the nutritional quality of purchases, overall and by income level, in an experimental online supermarket.
Read more
Intervention description: The intervention includes taxation of lower nutritional quality products (identified using the front-of-pack nutrition label Nutri-Score - classes D and E) and/or subsidies for products of higher nutritional quality (identified as raw products or Nutri-Score A and B).
Design The intervention will be a parallel arm randomized trial stratified by income against a control situation with no changes in prices and the presence of the Nutri-Score on-pack for all pre-packed products in all interventions (control, taxes and subsidies).
Expected public health impact: This study will allow to investigate the potential synergistic effect on the nutritional quality of food choices of combining taxation and income-based subsidies in a context of social inequalities in rising non-communicable disease associated with poor diets. Following a proportional universalism perspective, income-based subsidies can mitigate the regressivity of taxation according to income. As no countries have implemented this combination of fiscal policies to improve diets, the results of this study will contribute to the scientific knowledge on the topic and will provide preliminary results to decision makers.
- Conditions
- Nutrition, Food Purchasing Intention
- Being tested
- Taxation, Subsidies
- Keywords
- Food taxation, Food subsidies
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
TaxationBehavioural
Taxation of 8% of Nutri-Score D-labeled products Taxation of 16% of Nutri-Score E-labeled products
SubsidiesBehavioural
Subsidies in the form of a discount voucher of 15€/household member
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Control | No intervention | All eligible pre-packed products labeled with Nutri-Score |
| Taxation | Experimental | Taxation of food products: 8% for products labeled as D using the front-of-package label Nutri-Score; 16% for products labeled as D using the front-of-package label Nutri-Score.
All eligible pre-packed products labeled with the front-of-pack Nutri-Score Receives: Behavioral: Taxation |
| Taxation + subsidies | Experimental | Subsidies in the form of a discount voucher of 15€/week/household member Taxation of food products: 8% for Nutri-Score D-labeled products; 16% for Nutri-Score E-labeled products.
All eligible pre-packed products labeled with Nutri-Score Receives: Behavioral: Taxation; Behavioral: Subsidies |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
NS-2023 NPM score
Nutri-Score-2023 Nutrient Profile Model (NS-2023 NPM score) The NS-2023 NPM Score provides a global assessment of the nutritional quality of foods and beverages.
The NS-2023 NPM score for foods and beverages is computed considering nutrient content for 100g/100ml . It allocates positive points for content in energy (KJ;0-10 points), total sugar (g ;0-15 points), saturated fatty acids (g;0-10 points) and salt (g;0-20 points). Negative points are allocated to content in fruits, vegetables, and legumes (%;0-5 points), fibers (g;0-5 points) and proteins (g;0-7 points). Final NS-2023 NPM scores are based on a discrete continuous scale ranging theoretically from -17 (most healthy) to +55 (less healthy).
Overall NS-2023 NPM score of the shopping cart will be assessed using a weighted average (by Kcal) NS-2023 NPM score of the items in the shopping cart, for 100g.
Measured: Peri-procedure (end of shopping session)
Secondary outcomes (11)
Energy
weighted average of Energy content of the shopping cart (Kcal/100g)
Measured: Peri-procedure (end of shopping session)
Saturated fatty acids
weighted average of saturated fatty acids content of the shopping cart (g/100g)
Measured: Peri-procedure (end of shopping session)
Sugars
weighted average of sugars content of the shopping cart (g/100g)
Measured: Peri-procedure (end of shopping session)
Salt
weighted average of salt content of the shopping cart (g/100g)
Measured: Peri-procedure (end of shopping session)
Fibers
weighted average of Fibers content of the shopping cart (g/100g)
Measured: Peri-procedure (end of shopping session)
Proteins
weighted average of protein content of the shopping cart (g/100g)
Measured: Peri-procedure (end of shopping session)
Fruit and vegetables
weighted average of content of the shopping cart in fruit and vegetables (%)
Measured: Peri-procedure (end of shopping session)
Food categories
Variation of different categories of untaxed products when prices of taxed products increase Decomposition of the total effect on the primary outcome based on the variation of volumes from the different categories of products in the basket.
Measured: Peri-procedure (end of shopping session)
Purchase cost
Total price of products in the shopping cart (€) for each participant
Measured: Peri-procedure (end of shopping session)
Lespeyres price index
Price index evaluating the fiscal impact of the intervention. ((∑〖p_1 q_0 〗)/(∑p_0 q_0 ))x100, where p_1 is the price of food i in the interventions arm, p0 is the price of food i in the control arm. q_0 is the quantity purchased of food i.
Measured: Peri-procedural (end of shopping session)
Passche price index
Passche price index: changes in prices paid relative to new patterns of consumption.
Paasche price index formula: ((∑〖p_(i,1) q_(i,1) 〗)/(∑p_(i,0) q_(i,1) ))x100, where p_(i,1)is the price of food item i in the intervention arm, q_(i,1) is the quantity purchased of food item i in the intervention arm and p_(i,0) is the price of food i in the control arm.
Measured: Peri-procedure (end of shopping session)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted18 May 2026
- Study start15 Jun 2026
- Primary completion1 Sep 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion1 Sep 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for NutritionStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Parallel arm randomized trial stratified by income : * Low-income participants (\<poverty line) : three-arm parallel arms - control, taxation and taxation+subsidies * high-income participants (\>= poverty line) : two-arm parallel arms - control, taxation
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Investigator, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 2,239 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Paris 13
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Paris School of Economics
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Chantal Julia, University of Paris 13
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07593937
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- INSERM 25-1264
- Acronym
- SUPERNET 2
- Status last verified
- Jun 2026
- First submitted
- 10 Apr 2026
- Last updated
- 30 Jun 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: Researchers from public institutions can submit a collaboration request including information on the institution and a brief description of the project to collaboration@etude-nutrinet-sante.fr. All requests will be reviewed by the steering committee of the NutriNet-Santé study. If the collaboration is accepted, a data access agreement will be necessary and appropriate authorizations from the competent administrative authorities may be needed. In accordance with existing regulations, no personal data will be accessible.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 30 Jun 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Impact of Taxation and Subsidies on the Nutrition Quality of Purchases in an Online Experimental Supermarket, Overall and by Income Level: a Randomized Control Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07593937
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- SUPERNET 2 / INSERM 25-1264
- Conditions
- Nutrition, Food Purchasing Intention
- Keywords
- Food taxation, Food subsidies
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 2,239 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- University of Paris 13University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Paris School of Economics
- Study start
- 15 Jun 2026 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Sep 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 1 Sep 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 18 May 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Scientific context The increase in the consumption of unhealthy food coupled with a suboptimal consumption of healthier options have increased the risk of non-communicable diseases (NCD) worldwide. Among other public policies to address the rise in NCD -such as front of pack labelling, regulation of food and beverages in schools, marketing regulations targeted to children- taxation has been recognized as a cost-effective strategy to reduce consumption of taxed products. Although subsidies have been used to reduce food insecurity, with the rise in NCD associated with unhealthy diets, studies have explored the feasibility of combining subsidies to incentivize the consumption healthy food with taxes on unhealthy options. The impact of prices on dietary behaviour of consumers has been demonstrated in experimental designs as well as in economic analysis of observational data on purchases. Although some experimental studies have been used to study the impact of taxation and subsidies among specific populations in France, none has evaluated the impact in the general population.
Objective The aim of the study is to evaluate the impact of implementing taxes on unhealthy food and beverages and subsidies to healthy food, separately and combined, on the nutritional quality of purchases, overall and by income level, in an experimental online supermarket.
Intervention description: The intervention includes taxation of lower nutritional quality products (identified using the front-of-pack nutrition label Nutri-Score - classes D and E) and/or subsidies for products of higher nutritional quality (identified as raw products or Nutri-Score A and B).
Design The intervention will be a parallel arm randomized trial stratified by income against a control situation with no changes in prices and the presence of the Nutri-Score on-pack for all pre-packed products in all interventions (control, taxes and subsidies).
Expected public health impact: This study will allow to investigate the potential synergistic effect on the nutritional quality of food choices of combining taxation and income-based subsidies in a context of social inequalities in rising non-communicable disease associated with poor diets. Following a proportional universalism perspective, income-based subsidies can mitigate the regressivity of taxation according to income. As no countries have implemented this combination of fiscal policies to improve diets, the results of this study will contribute to the scientific knowledge on the topic and will provide preliminary results to decision makers.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (investigator, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 3
- Model description
- Parallel arm randomized trial stratified by income : * Low-income participants (<poverty line) : three-arm parallel arms - control, taxation and taxation+subsidies * high-income participants (>= poverty line) : two-arm parallel arms - control, taxation
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Control | No intervention | –All eligible pre-packed products labeled with Nutri-Score |
| Taxation | Experimental | Behavioral: TaxationTaxation of food products: 8% for products labeled as D using the front-of-package label Nutri-Score; 16% for products labeled as D using the front-of-package label Nutri-Score. All eligible pre-packed products labeled with the front-of-pack Nutri-Score |
| Taxation + subsidies | Experimental | Behavioral: Taxation, Behavioral: SubsidiesSubsidies in the form of a discount voucher of 15€/week/household member Taxation of food products: 8% for Nutri-Score D-labeled products; 16% for Nutri-Score E-labeled products. All eligible pre-packed products labeled with Nutri-Score |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Adult subjects (>18 years old) included in the NutriNet-Santé cohort study from all income levels.
- For the subsidies + taxation arm: inclusion only of low income-participants (below the poverty threshold 1,288€ - 60% of the median standard of living of the population)
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- ⁃ Subjects never engaging in grocery shopping. Participants will be excluded for this based on self-reported grocery shopping frequency using a short questionnaire at the inception of the study.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| TaxationTaxation of 8% of Nutri-Score D-labeled products Taxation of 16% of Nutri-Score E-labeled products | Behavioural | Taxation, Taxation + subsidies |
| SubsidiesSubsidies in the form of a discount voucher of 15€/household member | Behavioural | Taxation + subsidies |
Primary outcome
NS-2023 NPM score
Time frame: Peri-procedure (end of shopping session)
Nutri-Score-2023 Nutrient Profile Model (NS-2023 NPM score) The NS-2023 NPM Score provides a global assessment of the nutritional quality of foods and beverages. The NS-2023 NPM score for foods and beverages is computed considering nutrient content for 100g/100ml . It allocates positive points for content in energy (KJ;0-10 points), total sugar (g ;0-15 points), saturated fatty acids (g;0-10 points) and salt (g;0-20 points). Negative points are allocated to content in fruits, vegetables, and legumes (%;0-5 points), fibers (g;0-5 points) and proteins (g;0-7 points). Final NS-2023 NPM scores are based on a discrete continuous scale ranging theoretically from -17 (most healthy) to +55 (less healthy). Overall NS-2023 NPM score of the shopping cart will be assessed using a weighted average (by Kcal) NS-2023 NPM score of the items in the shopping cart, for 100g.
11 secondary outcomes
Energy
Time frame: Peri-procedure (end of shopping session)
Saturated fatty acids
Time frame: Peri-procedure (end of shopping session)
Sugars
Time frame: Peri-procedure (end of shopping session)
Salt
Time frame: Peri-procedure (end of shopping session)
Fibers
Time frame: Peri-procedure (end of shopping session)
Proteins
Time frame: Peri-procedure (end of shopping session)
Fruit and vegetables
Time frame: Peri-procedure (end of shopping session)
Food categories
Time frame: Peri-procedure (end of shopping session)
Purchase cost
Time frame: Peri-procedure (end of shopping session)
Lespeyres price index
Time frame: Peri-procedural (end of shopping session)
Passche price index
Time frame: Peri-procedure (end of shopping session)
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 30 Jun 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. Researchers from public institutions can submit a collaboration request including information on the institution and a brief description of the project to collaboration@etude-nutrinet-sante.fr. All requests will be reviewed by the steering committee of the NutriNet-Santé study. If the collaboration is accepted, a data access agreement will be necessary and appropriate authorizations from the competent administrative authorities may be needed. In accordance with existing regulations, no personal data will be accessible.
Related trials for Nutrition
Active, not recruitingPhase 2
Effects of Brain Stimulation on Food Intake and Behavioral Weight Loss Treatment
Electric Stimulation Therapy, Obesity
Active, not recruiting
Adipocyte-Derived Extracellular Vesicles, Weight Loss, and Endothelial Function
Obesity, Weight Loss
Not yet recruitingPhase 2
Trial of the Combination of Alpha-Lipoic Acid and Mirabegron in Women and in Men With Obesity
Insulin Resistance, Obesity
Not yet recruitingObservational study
A Natural History of Genetic and Environmental Predictors of Pubertal Timing Among Youth With Obesity
Obesity
Not yet recruitingPhase 2
A Study to Evaluate Efficacy and Safety of BGM1812 Injection in Overweight or Obese Participants Without Diabetes
Overweight or Obese Participants Without Diabetes
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Taxation and Subsidies in people with Nutrition and Food Purchasing Intention, run by University of Paris 13 at 1 site in France.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 30 Jun 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in France. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Chantal Julia, MD, PhD (01 48 38 89 53 ext. +33, c.julia@eren.smbh.univ-paris13.fr), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
NS-2023 NPM score (time frame: Peri-procedure (end of shopping session)). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 30 Jun 2026.