CancerNCT07598851
Virtual Reality Education for Radiation Therapy Patients
A study testing Conventional Nurse-Led Patient Education and 360-Degree Virtual Reality Patient Education in people with Cancer and Radiation Therapy, run by Asia University at 1 site in Taiwan.
Trial summary
Radiation therapy is an important treatment for cancer, but patients receiving radiation therapy for the first time may experience anxiety because they are unfamiliar with the treatment process, equipment, and possible side effects. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Any age
- Conditions the study is for
- Cancer, Radiation Therapy, Patient Education
- What is being tested?
- Conventional Nurse-Led Patient Education and 360-Degree Virtual Reality Patient Education
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 84 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTaiwan
- Study dates
- 6 Nov 2024to 5 Aug 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages Any age
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Participants aged 20 years or older
- Patients with cancer who received radiation therapy for the first time
- Received radiation therapy for treatment sites located below the head and neck, without restriction regarding cancer stage
Who cannot join
- Visual or hearing impairment that prevented comprehension of educational information
- Abnormal skin conditions of the head or face that caused difficulty with equipment use
- Inability to tolerate VR equipment
- Head and neck cancer
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Virtual Reality Patient Education Before Radiation Therapy: Effects on Knowledge, Anxiety, and Depression in First-Time Patients
Radiation therapy is an important treatment for cancer, but patients receiving radiation therapy for the first time may experience anxiety because they are unfamiliar with the treatment process, equipment, and possible side effects. This study evaluated whether a 360-degree virtual reality patient education program could improve radiation therapy knowledge and reduce anxiety and depression among first-time radiation therapy patients. Participants received either virtual reality education or conventional nurse-led education. Knowledge, anxiety, and depression were assessed before and after the educational intervention.
- Conditions
- Cancer, Radiation Therapy, Patient Education
- Being tested
- Conventional Nurse-Led Patient Education, 360-Degree Virtual Reality Patient Education
- Keywords
- Patient Education, Virtual Reality, Anxiety, Depression
- Medical subject headings
- Neoplasms, Anxiety Disorders, Depression
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Conventional Nurse-Led Patient EducationBehavioural
Participants received standard face-to-face patient education delivered by nurses before radiation therapy. The education included explanations of radiation therapy procedures, treatment preparation, treatment environment, and side-effect management.
360-Degree Virtual Reality Patient EducationBehavioural
Participants received a 360-degree virtual reality patient education module before radiation therapy. The module introduced the radiation therapy environment, treatment procedures, preparation, and side-effect management using a head-mounted display.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| 360-Degree Virtual Reality Education Group | Experimental | Participants received a 360-degree virtual reality patient education module before radiation therapy. The module introduced the radiation therapy environment, treatment procedures, preparation, and side-effect management using a head-mounted display. Receives: Behavioral: 360-Degree Virtual Reality Patient Education |
| Conventional Nurse-Led Education Group | Active comparator | Participants received standard face-to-face patient education delivered by nurses before radiation therapy. The education included explanations of radiation therapy procedures, treatment preparation, treatment environment, and side-effect management. Receives: Behavioral: Conventional Nurse-Led Patient Education |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Change in Radiation Therapy Knowledge Score
Radiation therapy knowledge was assessed using a structured knowledge questionnaire. Higher scores indicate greater knowledge of radiation therapy procedures, treatment preparation, and side-effect management. Total scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating greater radiation therapy knowledge.
Measured: Baseline and immediately following CT simulation
Secondary outcomes (2)
Change in Anxiety Score Assessed by HADS-A
Anxiety was assessed using the anxiety subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Total scores range from 0 to 21, with higher scores indicating higher levels of anxiety.
Measured: Baseline, immediately following CT simulation, and immediately following the fifth radiation therapy session
Change in Depression Score Assessed by HADS-D
Depression was assessed using the depression subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Total scores range from 0 to 21, with higher scores indicating higher levels of depression.
Measured: Baseline, immediately following CT simulation, and immediately following the fifth radiation therapy session
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted20 May 2026
- Study start6 Nov 2024
- Primary completion5 Aug 2025
- Study completion5 Aug 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for CancerStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- This was a quasi-experimental, non-randomized, two-group parallel study. Participants were assigned to either a 360-degree virtual reality patient education group or a conventional nurse-led education group.
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 84 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Asia University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Cheng Chia Yang, Asia University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07598851
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 202400088B0
- Status last verified
- May 2026
- First submitted
- 11 May 2026
- Last updated
- 20 May 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: Individual participant data will not be shared because the study involves patient-level clinical and psychological data, and data sharing was not included in the informed consent.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 20 May 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Virtual Reality Patient Education Before Radiation Therapy: Effects on Knowledge, Anxiety, and Depression in First-Time Patients
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07598851
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 202400088B0
- Conditions
- Cancer, Radiation Therapy, Patient Education
- Keywords
- Patient Education, Virtual Reality, Anxiety, Depression
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 84 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Asia UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 6 Nov 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 5 Aug 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 5 Aug 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 20 May 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Radiation therapy is an important treatment for cancer, but patients receiving radiation therapy for the first time may experience anxiety because they are unfamiliar with the treatment process, equipment, and possible side effects. This study evaluated whether a 360-degree virtual reality patient education program could improve radiation therapy knowledge and reduce anxiety and depression among first-time radiation therapy patients. Participants received either virtual reality education or conventional nurse-led education. Knowledge, anxiety, and depression were assessed before and after the educational intervention.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- This was a quasi-experimental, non-randomized, two-group parallel study. Participants were assigned to either a 360-degree virtual reality patient education group or a conventional nurse-led education group.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| 360-Degree Virtual Reality Education Group | Experimental | Behavioral: 360-Degree Virtual Reality Patient EducationParticipants received a 360-degree virtual reality patient education module before radiation therapy. The module introduced the radiation therapy environment, treatment procedures, preparation, and side-effect management using a head-mounted display. |
| Conventional Nurse-Led Education Group | Active comparator | Behavioral: Conventional Nurse-Led Patient EducationParticipants received standard face-to-face patient education delivered by nurses before radiation therapy. The education included explanations of radiation therapy procedures, treatment preparation, treatment environment, and side-effect management. |
Who may qualify
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Participants aged 20 years or older
- Patients with cancer who received radiation therapy for the first time
- Received radiation therapy for treatment sites located below the head and neck, without restriction regarding cancer stage
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Visual or hearing impairment that prevented comprehension of educational information
- Abnormal skin conditions of the head or face that caused difficulty with equipment use
- Inability to tolerate VR equipment
- Head and neck cancer
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Conventional Nurse-Led Patient EducationParticipants received standard face-to-face patient education delivered by nurses before radiation therapy. The education included explanations of radiation therapy procedures, treatment preparation, treatment environment, and side-effect management. | Behavioural | Conventional Nurse-Led Education Group |
| 360-Degree Virtual Reality Patient EducationParticipants received a 360-degree virtual reality patient education module before radiation therapy. The module introduced the radiation therapy environment, treatment procedures, preparation, and side-effect management using a head-mounted display. | Behavioural | 360-Degree Virtual Reality Education Group |
Primary outcome
Change in Radiation Therapy Knowledge Score
Time frame: Baseline and immediately following CT simulation
Radiation therapy knowledge was assessed using a structured knowledge questionnaire. Higher scores indicate greater knowledge of radiation therapy procedures, treatment preparation, and side-effect management. Total scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating greater radiation therapy knowledge.
2 secondary outcomes
Change in Anxiety Score Assessed by HADS-A
Time frame: Baseline, immediately following CT simulation, and immediately following the fifth radiation therapy session
Change in Depression Score Assessed by HADS-D
Time frame: Baseline, immediately following CT simulation, and immediately following the fifth radiation therapy session
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 20 May 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. Individual participant data will not be shared because the study involves patient-level clinical and psychological data, and data sharing was not included in the informed consent.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Conventional Nurse-Led Patient Education and 360-Degree Virtual Reality Patient Education in people with Cancer and Radiation Therapy, run by Asia University at 1 site in Taiwan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 20 May 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Taiwan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Change in Radiation Therapy Knowledge Score (time frame: Baseline and immediately following CT simulation). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 20 May 2026.