Parkinson´s DiseaseDEEP-PDNCT07611578
Dual Tasking Training to Enhance Self-Efficacy in Individuals With Parkinson's Disease
A study testing dual tasking training in people with Parkinson´s Disease, run by Alvaro Reyes at 1 site in Chile.
Trial summary
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and cognitive impairments that substantially reduce functional independence, social participation, and quality of life. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Parkinson´s Disease
- What is being tested?
- dual tasking training
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 112 participants
- Where
- 1 siteChile
- Study dates
- 5 Oct 2026to 31 Jan 2029
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
None listed.
Who cannot join
- The presence of any other concomitant neurological, musculoskeletal disease
- History of leg or brain trauma or surgery
- Vision or hearing problems that may affect the performance of cognitive tests
- Clinical diagnosis of major neurocognitive disorder
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Rodrigo Araneda Director of Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, PhD contact
Chile1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Facultad de Ciencias de la Rehabilitacion
Santiago, Las Condes
Alvaro Reyes Principal Investigator, PhD, +56226618607, alvaro.reyes@unab.cl
About this study
Official title: Enhancing Self-Efficacy in Individuals With Parkinson's Disease Through Dual Task Training: Effects of Task Modality, Attentional Prioritization, and Cognitive Status
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and cognitive impairments that substantially reduce functional independence, social participation, and quality of life. A key psychosocial factor affected by these impairments is self-efficacy, defined as an individual's belief in their ability to successfully perform tasks and achieve personal goals. In people with PD, reduced self-efficacy is closely associated with motor dysfunction, cognitive decline, fear of falling, depressive symptoms, and decreased motivation for physical and social activities. These factors interact in a bidirectional manner, creating a negative cycle in which poor confidence limits participation, further accelerating functional deterioration.
From a neurophysiological perspective, the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in PD disrupts the automatic control of movement. As a consequence, individuals with PD rely more heavily on cognitive and attentional resources to execute daily motor activities. This reliance becomes particularly problematic in dual-tasking situations, where two tasks must be performed simultaneously, such as a motor task combined with a cognitive task or two concurrent motor tasks. Because attentional capacity is limited, dividing attention across tasks frequently results in performance declines in one or both tasks, a phenomenon referred to as dual-task interference or dual-task cost. Low confidence when facing these situations may reinforce avoidance behaviors, thereby further diminishing physical activity and community engagement.
Read more
Dual-task training has been proposed as a rehabilitation strategy to improve functional performance, self-efficacy, and daily functioning in people with PD. However, important gaps remain in the evidence. It is currently unclear whether motor-cognitive or motor-motor dual-task training is more effective, particularly when considering the presence or absence of cognitive impairment. Additionally, the relative impact of secondary cognitive versus secondary motor tasks on primary motor task performance has not been well established. Another unresolved issue concerns attentional prioritization strategies during dual-task training. Fixed-priority strategies require individuals to attend equally to both tasks, whereas variable-priority strategies involve alternating attention between tasks. The optimal strategy for individuals with PD, especially those with cognitive deficits, remains unknown.
The proposed research aims to address these knowledge gaps by systematically evaluating the effects of different dual-task training modalities and attentional prioritization strategies on self-efficacy, functional performance, and quality of life in individuals with PD, both with and without cognitive impairment. An additional objective is to investigate whether improvements in dual-task performance are associated with reduced attentional demands, as reflected by decreased activity in the prefrontal cortex, which is considered a key neural marker of cognitive load during task performance.
The research program comprises two complementary studies. Study 1 is a randomized clinical trial with a factorial design stratified by cognitive status. Participants with PD will be randomly assigned to one of four intervention groups combining dual-task modality (motor-cognitive or motor-motor) with attentional strategy (fixed-priority or variable-priority). All participants will undergo baseline assessments conducted by an interdisciplinary team of researchers. Baseline assessments include sociodemographic (age, gender, educational level, occupation), physical (weight, height) and clinical (stage of the disease, motor subtype, medication and cognitive screening measured with the Montreal cognitive assessment). Participants will complete 24 individualised training sessions over an eight-week period. Outcome measures include self-efficacy, motor and cognitive performance, quality of life, dual-task cost, and prefrontal cortex activity. Study 2 uses a cross-sectional design that includes individuals with PD from study 1 and a matched group of healthy older adults. Using identical assessment procedures, this study compares dual-task interference and prefrontal cortex activity between people with PD and healthy controls, providing additional insight into disease-specific cognitive-motor interactions. Overall, this research seeks to inform evidence-based, personalized rehabilitation strategies by identifying the most effective dual-task training approaches for improving confidence, functional ability, and quality of life in individuals with PD.
- Conditions
- Parkinson´s Disease
- Being tested
- dual tasking training
- Keywords
- dual tasking, motor cognitive training, cognitive function, self efficacy
- Medical subject headings
- Parkinson Disease
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
dual tasking trainingOther
Dual-tasking refers to the simultaneous performance of two tasks that compete for shared cognitive and/or motor resources. Typically, one task is motor (e.g., gait, balance, or upper-limb activity) and the other is cognitive (e.g., attention, executive function, or memory). The degree of performance decrement observed in one or both tasks commonly termed dual-task interference or dual-task cost is used as an index of cognitive motor integration and attentional resource allocation. Dual-task can be classified according to the nature of the paired task: Motor Cognitive Dual Tasks is the combination of a motor task with a cognitive task. Motor-Motor Dual Tasks is the concurrent execution of two motor tasks.Dual-task performance can be modulated by explicit or implicit prioritization strategies. Participants can be instructed to allocate attention equally to both tasks or to alternate prioritization between tasks, either across trials or within the same session
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| No cognitive impairment, motor cognitive training, fixed priority instructions | Experimental | In this group, participants with Parkinson's disease and no cognitive impairments will perform motor cognitive training and will be instructed to focus attention on both tasks (motor and cognitive) through the entire session. Receives: Other: dual tasking training |
| No cognitive impairment, motor cognitive training, variable priority instructions | Experimental | In this group, participants with Parkinson's disease and no cognitive impairments will perform motor cognitive training and will be instructed to focus attention on the motor tasks during half of the training session and on the secondary cognitive task during the second half of the training session. Receives: Other: dual tasking training |
| No cognitive impairment, motor dual task training, fixed priority instructions | Experimental | In this group, participants with Parkinson's disease and no cognitive impairments will perform motor dual task training (two motor tasks) and will be instructed to focus attention on both motor tasks through the entire session. Receives: Other: dual tasking training |
| No cognitive impairment, motor dual task training, variable priority instructions | Experimental | In this group, participants with Parkinson's disease and no cognitive impairments will perform motor dual task training (two motor tasks) and will be instructed to focus attention on the first motor task during half of the training session and on the secondary motor task during the second half of the training session. Receives: Other: dual tasking training |
| Cognitive impairment, motor cognitive training, fixed priority instructions | Experimental | In this group, participants with Parkinson's disease and cognitive impairments will perform motor cognitive training and will be instructed to focus attention on both tasks (motor and cognitive) through the entire session. Receives: Other: dual tasking training |
| Cognitive impairment, motor cognitive training, variable priority instructions | Experimental | In this group, participants with Parkinson's disease and cognitive impairments will perform motor cognitive training and will be instructed to focus attention on the first motor tasks during half of the training session and on the secondary cognitive task during the second half of the training session. Receives: Other: dual tasking training |
| Cognitive impairment, motor dual task training, fixed priority instructions | Experimental | In this group, participants with Parkinson's disease and cognitive impairments will perform motor dual task training (two motor tasks) and will be instructed to focus attention on both motor tasks through the entire session. Receives: Other: dual tasking training |
| Cognitive impairment, motor dual task training, variable priority instructions | Experimental | In this group, participants with Parkinson's disease and cognitive impairments will perform motor dual task training (two motor tasks) and will be instructed to focus attention on the first motor task during half of the training session and on the secondary motor task during the second half of the training session. Receives: Other: dual tasking training |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Self-efficacy (The Latin Spanish version of the Self-Efficacy to Manage Chronic Disease for the Chilean population )
Self-efficacy is the perceived ability to perform specific tasks to achieve concrete goals successfully. The Latin Spanish version of the Self-Efficacy to Manage Chronic Disease for the Chilean population (SEMCD-S) will be used for this outcome. In the SEMCD-S, participants rank each one of the 4 items from 0 to 10. Higher scores indicate higher self-efficacy.
Measured: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks
Self-efficacy (General Self-Efficacy Scale)
Self-efficacy is the perceived ability to perform specific tasks to achieve concrete goals successfully. The General Self-Efficacy scale (GSES) will be used for this outcome. In the GSES, participants rank each one of the 10 items from 0 to 7. Higher scores indicate higher self-efficacy.
Measured: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks
Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (revised version)
The sections II and III of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (revised version) will be used to analyse the effect of the intervention on activities of daily life and clinical motor aspects of the disease. The scale ranks from 0 to 199. Higher score indicates worse performance.
Measured: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks
Balance
Static and dinamic balance during functional activities will be measured using the Mini Best Test.The Mini BesTest has demonstrated to be valid and reliable clinical measure for assessing static and dinamic balance in individuals with Parkinson's disease. The test ranks from 0 to 28 points.Higher scores indicates better performance
Measured: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks
Gait (walking speed)
Spatiotemporal gait parameters under single and dual-task conditions will be measured using a pressure-sensitive mat. During the single-task condition, participants will be asked to walk at a self-selected walking speed covering 10 meters. Under dual-task condition, participants will be asked to perform the same as above while performing cognitive tasks. Walking speed (m/s) will be recorded for analysis
Measured: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks
Cognitive function
The Serial Threes Test (STT) and the visual Stroop task will be used to evaluate cognitive functions under single and dual-task conditions. The STT requires participants to make multiple subtractions of three from a whole three-digit number, e.g., 256, 253, 250, 247. Different three-digit numbers will be used for each trial to reduce the learning effect. The visual Stroop task will require participants to respond (click on a computer mouse) to congruent and incongruent stimuli presented on a screen. The words "left" or "right" will be displayed on a TV screen, and participant will be asked to ignore the spatial position on the screen and instead indicate its semantic content by click. The STT and the visual Stroop task will be used because they are demonstrated to be sensitive to detect changes as well as feasible, reliable, and valid during dual tasking in individuals with PD. Number of correct responses will be recorder for further analysis and calculate single and dual task cost.
Measured: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks
Brain activity of the Prefrontal cortex
The hemodynamic activity of the prefrontal and motor cortices will be measured using a functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy system under single and dual-task conditions. A head cap containing two light emitters and detectors (devices) will be placed on the scalp on the right and left side of the forehead of each participant. In the sagittal plane, both detectors will be placed at a distance of 15% of the length of the nasion-inion starting from the nasion. In the transverse plane each detector will be placed 7% of the head circumference starting from the midline. The devices will be protected against ambient light using a black cloth covering the entire forehead. Raw data will be converted to relative changes in oxygenated and deoxygenated haemoglobin concentrations using the modified Lambert-Beer law.
Measured: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks
Dual task cost
Dual-task cost values will be calculated to compare the performance on dual task modality using the following formula: dual task cost (%)=((dual task performance-single task performance)/single task performance)*100. Negative values indicate deteriorated performance in the dual task relative to the single task. Positive values indicates a relative improvement relative to the single task.
Measured: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks
Difficulties associated with Parkinson's disease
How often individuals with Parkinson's disease expereince difficulties will be measured using the Spanish version of the Parkinson's disease questionnaire (PDQ-39). This instrument includes 39 questions distributed in eight domains where 0% is no problem and 100% is maximum level of problem.This instrument has an official version for Chilean population.
Measured: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks
Secondary outcomes (2)
Gait (stride length)
Spatiotemporal gait parameters under single and dual-task conditions will be measured using a pressure-sensitive mat. During the single-task condition, participants will be asked to walk at a self-selected walking speed covering 10 meters. Under dual-task condition, participants will be asked to perform the same as above while performing cognitive tasks. Stride length (cm) will be recorded for analysis
Measured: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks
Gait (cadence)
Spatiotemporal gait parameters under single and dual-task conditions will be measured using a pressure-sensitive mat. During the single-task condition, participants will be asked to walk at a self-selected walking speed covering 10 meters. Under dual-task condition, participants will be asked to perform the same as above while performing cognitive tasks. Cadence (steps/min) will be recorded for analysis
Measured: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted28 May 2026
- Study start5 Oct 2026
- Primary completion31 Jan 2029 (estimated)
- Study completion31 Jan 2029 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Parkinson´s DiseaseStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Factorial
- Model description
- This study will employ a two by two nested factorial experimental design nested in a factor variable (no cognitive impairment versus mild cognitive impairment). Participants with Parkinson's disease will be allocated to each group using the block randomization method. Allocation concealment will be implemented using sequential sealed envelopes prepared by a research assistant independent from the research team.
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Investigator, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 112 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Alvaro Reyes
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor-investigator, Alvaro Reyes, Universidad Nacional Andres Bello
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07611578
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 1260985
- Acronym
- DEEP-PD
- Status last verified
- Oct 2026
- First submitted
- 7 May 2026
- Last updated
- 30 Oct 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 30 Oct 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Enhancing Self-Efficacy in Individuals With Parkinson's Disease Through Dual Task Training: Effects of Task Modality, Attentional Prioritization, and Cognitive Status
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07611578
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- DEEP-PD / 1260985
- Conditions
- Parkinson´s Disease
- Keywords
- dual tasking, motor cognitive training, cognitive function, self efficacy
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 112 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Alvaro ReyesUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 5 Oct 2026 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 31 Jan 2029 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 31 Jan 2029 (estimated)
- First posted
- 28 May 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and cognitive impairments that substantially reduce functional independence, social participation, and quality of life. A key psychosocial factor affected by these impairments is self-efficacy, defined as an individual's belief in their ability to successfully perform tasks and achieve personal goals. In people with PD, reduced self-efficacy is closely associated with motor dysfunction, cognitive decline, fear of falling, depressive symptoms, and decreased motivation for physical and social activities. These factors interact in a bidirectional manner, creating a negative cycle in which poor confidence limits participation, further accelerating functional deterioration.
From a neurophysiological perspective, the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in PD disrupts the automatic control of movement. As a consequence, individuals with PD rely more heavily on cognitive and attentional resources to execute daily motor activities. This reliance becomes particularly problematic in dual-tasking situations, where two tasks must be performed simultaneously, such as a motor task combined with a cognitive task or two concurrent motor tasks. Because attentional capacity is limited, dividing attention across tasks frequently results in performance declines in one or both tasks, a phenomenon referred to as dual-task interference or dual-task cost. Low confidence when facing these situations may reinforce avoidance behaviors, thereby further diminishing physical activity and community engagement.
Dual-task training has been proposed as a rehabilitation strategy to improve functional performance, self-efficacy, and daily functioning in people with PD. However, important gaps remain in the evidence. It is currently unclear whether motor-cognitive or motor-motor dual-task training is more effective, particularly when considering the presence or absence of cognitive impairment. Additionally, the relative impact of secondary cognitive versus secondary motor tasks on primary motor task performance has not been well established. Another unresolved issue concerns attentional prioritization strategies during dual-task training. Fixed-priority strategies require individuals to attend equally to both tasks, whereas variable-priority strategies involve alternating attention between tasks. The optimal strategy for individuals with PD, especially those with cognitive deficits, remains unknown.
The proposed research aims to address these knowledge gaps by systematically evaluating the effects of different dual-task training modalities and attentional prioritization strategies on self-efficacy, functional performance, and quality of life in individuals with PD, both with and without cognitive impairment. An additional objective is to investigate whether improvements in dual-task performance are associated with reduced attentional demands, as reflected by decreased activity in the prefrontal cortex, which is considered a key neural marker of cognitive load during task performance.
The research program comprises two complementary studies. Study 1 is a randomized clinical trial with a factorial design stratified by cognitive status. Participants with PD will be randomly assigned to one of four intervention groups combining dual-task modality (motor-cognitive or motor-motor) with attentional strategy (fixed-priority or variable-priority). All participants will undergo baseline assessments conducted by an interdisciplinary team of researchers. Baseline assessments include sociodemographic (age, gender, educational level, occupation), physical (weight, height) and clinical (stage of the disease, motor subtype, medication and cognitive screening measured with the Montreal cognitive assessment). Participants will complete 24 individualised training sessions over an eight-week period. Outcome measures include self-efficacy, motor and cognitive performance, quality of life, dual-task cost, and prefrontal cortex activity. Study 2 uses a cross-sectional design that includes individuals with PD from study 1 and a matched group of healthy older adults. Using identical assessment procedures, this study compares dual-task interference and prefrontal cortex activity between people with PD and healthy controls, providing additional insight into disease-specific cognitive-motor interactions. Overall, this research seeks to inform evidence-based, personalized rehabilitation strategies by identifying the most effective dual-task training approaches for improving confidence, functional ability, and quality of life in individuals with PD.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Factorial
- Masking
- Double blind (investigator, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 8
- Model description
- This study will employ a two by two nested factorial experimental design nested in a factor variable (no cognitive impairment versus mild cognitive impairment). Participants with Parkinson's disease will be allocated to each group using the block randomization method. Allocation concealment will be implemented using sequential sealed envelopes prepared by a research assistant independent from the research team.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| No cognitive impairment, motor cognitive training, fixed priority instructions | Experimental | Other: dual tasking trainingIn this group, participants with Parkinson's disease and no cognitive impairments will perform motor cognitive training and will be instructed to focus attention on both tasks (motor and cognitive) through the entire session. |
| No cognitive impairment, motor cognitive training, variable priority instructions | Experimental | Other: dual tasking trainingIn this group, participants with Parkinson's disease and no cognitive impairments will perform motor cognitive training and will be instructed to focus attention on the motor tasks during half of the training session and on the secondary cognitive task during the second half of the training session. |
| No cognitive impairment, motor dual task training, fixed priority instructions | Experimental | Other: dual tasking trainingIn this group, participants with Parkinson's disease and no cognitive impairments will perform motor dual task training (two motor tasks) and will be instructed to focus attention on both motor tasks through the entire session. |
| No cognitive impairment, motor dual task training, variable priority instructions | Experimental | Other: dual tasking trainingIn this group, participants with Parkinson's disease and no cognitive impairments will perform motor dual task training (two motor tasks) and will be instructed to focus attention on the first motor task during half of the training session and on the secondary motor task during the second half of the training session. |
| Cognitive impairment, motor cognitive training, fixed priority instructions | Experimental | Other: dual tasking trainingIn this group, participants with Parkinson's disease and cognitive impairments will perform motor cognitive training and will be instructed to focus attention on both tasks (motor and cognitive) through the entire session. |
| Cognitive impairment, motor cognitive training, variable priority instructions | Experimental | Other: dual tasking trainingIn this group, participants with Parkinson's disease and cognitive impairments will perform motor cognitive training and will be instructed to focus attention on the first motor tasks during half of the training session and on the secondary cognitive task during the second half of the training session. |
| Cognitive impairment, motor dual task training, fixed priority instructions | Experimental | Other: dual tasking trainingIn this group, participants with Parkinson's disease and cognitive impairments will perform motor dual task training (two motor tasks) and will be instructed to focus attention on both motor tasks through the entire session. |
| Cognitive impairment, motor dual task training, variable priority instructions | Experimental | Other: dual tasking trainingIn this group, participants with Parkinson's disease and cognitive impairments will perform motor dual task training (two motor tasks) and will be instructed to focus attention on the first motor task during half of the training session and on the secondary motor task during the second half of the training session. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (0 listed)
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- The presence of any other concomitant neurological, musculoskeletal disease
- History of leg or brain trauma or surgery
- Vision or hearing problems that may affect the performance of cognitive tests
- Clinical diagnosis of major neurocognitive disorder
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| dual tasking trainingDual-tasking refers to the simultaneous performance of two tasks that compete for shared cognitive and/or motor resources. Typically, one task is motor (e.g., gait, balance, or upper-limb activity) and the other is cognitive (e.g., attention, executive function, or memory). The degree of performance decrement observed in one or both tasks commonly termed dual-task interference or dual-task cost is used as an index of cognitive motor integration and attentional resource allocation. Dual-task can be classified according to the nature of the paired task: Motor Cognitive Dual Tasks is the combination of a motor task with a cognitive task. Motor-Motor Dual Tasks is the concurrent execution of two motor tasks.Dual-task performance can be modulated by explicit or implicit prioritization strategies. Participants can be instructed to allocate attention equally to both tasks or to alternate prioritization between tasks, either across trials or within the same session | Other | Cognitive impairment, motor cognitive training, fixed priority instructions, Cognitive impairment, motor cognitive training, variable priority instructions, Cognitive impairment, motor dual task training, fixed priority instructions, Cognitive impairment, motor dual task training, variable priority instructions, No cognitive impairment, motor cognitive training, fixed priority instructions, No cognitive impairment, motor cognitive training, variable priority instructions, No cognitive impairment, motor dual task training, fixed priority instructions, No cognitive impairment, motor dual task training, variable priority instructions |
Primary outcome
Self-efficacy (The Latin Spanish version of the Self-Efficacy to Manage Chronic Disease for the Chilean population )
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks
Self-efficacy is the perceived ability to perform specific tasks to achieve concrete goals successfully. The Latin Spanish version of the Self-Efficacy to Manage Chronic Disease for the Chilean population (SEMCD-S) will be used for this outcome. In the SEMCD-S, participants rank each one of the 4 items from 0 to 10. Higher scores indicate higher self-efficacy.
Self-efficacy (General Self-Efficacy Scale)
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks
Self-efficacy is the perceived ability to perform specific tasks to achieve concrete goals successfully. The General Self-Efficacy scale (GSES) will be used for this outcome. In the GSES, participants rank each one of the 10 items from 0 to 7. Higher scores indicate higher self-efficacy.
Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (revised version)
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks
The sections II and III of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (revised version) will be used to analyse the effect of the intervention on activities of daily life and clinical motor aspects of the disease. The scale ranks from 0 to 199. Higher score indicates worse performance.
Balance
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks
Static and dinamic balance during functional activities will be measured using the Mini Best Test.The Mini BesTest has demonstrated to be valid and reliable clinical measure for assessing static and dinamic balance in individuals with Parkinson's disease. The test ranks from 0 to 28 points.Higher scores indicates better performance
Gait (walking speed)
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks
Spatiotemporal gait parameters under single and dual-task conditions will be measured using a pressure-sensitive mat. During the single-task condition, participants will be asked to walk at a self-selected walking speed covering 10 meters. Under dual-task condition, participants will be asked to perform the same as above while performing cognitive tasks. Walking speed (m/s) will be recorded for analysis
Cognitive function
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks
The Serial Threes Test (STT) and the visual Stroop task will be used to evaluate cognitive functions under single and dual-task conditions. The STT requires participants to make multiple subtractions of three from a whole three-digit number, e.g., 256, 253, 250, 247. Different three-digit numbers will be used for each trial to reduce the learning effect. The visual Stroop task will require participants to respond (click on a computer mouse) to congruent and incongruent stimuli presented on a screen. The words "left" or "right" will be displayed on a TV screen, and participant will be asked to ignore the spatial position on the screen and instead indicate its semantic content by click. The STT and the visual Stroop task will be used because they are demonstrated to be sensitive to detect changes as well as feasible, reliable, and valid during dual tasking in individuals with PD. Number of correct responses will be recorder for further analysis and calculate single and dual task cost.
Brain activity of the Prefrontal cortex
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks
The hemodynamic activity of the prefrontal and motor cortices will be measured using a functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy system under single and dual-task conditions. A head cap containing two light emitters and detectors (devices) will be placed on the scalp on the right and left side of the forehead of each participant. In the sagittal plane, both detectors will be placed at a distance of 15% of the length of the nasion-inion starting from the nasion. In the transverse plane each detector will be placed 7% of the head circumference starting from the midline. The devices will be protected against ambient light using a black cloth covering the entire forehead. Raw data will be converted to relative changes in oxygenated and deoxygenated haemoglobin concentrations using the modified Lambert-Beer law.
Dual task cost
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks
Dual-task cost values will be calculated to compare the performance on dual task modality using the following formula: dual task cost (%)=((dual task performance-single task performance)/single task performance)*100. Negative values indicate deteriorated performance in the dual task relative to the single task. Positive values indicates a relative improvement relative to the single task.
Difficulties associated with Parkinson's disease
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks
How often individuals with Parkinson's disease expereince difficulties will be measured using the Spanish version of the Parkinson's disease questionnaire (PDQ-39). This instrument includes 39 questions distributed in eight domains where 0% is no problem and 100% is maximum level of problem.This instrument has an official version for Chilean population.
2 secondary outcomes
Gait (stride length)
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks
Gait (cadence)
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 30 Oct 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Rodrigo Araneda Director of Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, PhD contact
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing dual tasking training in people with Parkinson´s Disease, run by Alvaro Reyes at 1 site in Chile.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 0 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 30 Oct 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Chile. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Rodrigo Araneda Director of Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, PhD (+56226618608 ext. 8607, rodrigo.araneda@unab.cl), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Self-efficacy (The Latin Spanish version of the Self-Efficacy to Manage Chronic Disease for the Chilean population ) (time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks). The study lists 9 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 30 Oct 2026.