Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM)LACGDMNCT07624968
Protective Effect of Lactation Against Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Subsequent Pregnancies: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study
An observational study of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and Lactating Mother, run by Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascıoglu Education and Research Hospital Organization at 2 sites in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common metabolic disorder of pregnancy associated with increased maternal and fetal morbidity. Lactation has been suggested to improve maternal glucose metabolism, enhance insulin sensitivity, and reduce the risk of future glucose intolerance. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 50 years, women onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), Lactating Mother
- How many people
- 140 participants
- Where
- 2 sitesTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 15 Jan 2026to 31 Dec 2027
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 50 years
- Women only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Study population: Pregnant individuals aged 18-50 years who conceived during the lactation period and are receiving antenatal care at participating obstetrics and gynecology clinics. Participants must have singleton pregnancies and available routine glycemic and ultrasonographic follow-up data. The study population represents women undergoing standard prenatal care in a tertiary care and secondary care hospital setting.
Who may be able to join
- Pregnant individuals aged 18 to 50 years.
- Singleton pregnancy.
- Conception during the lactation period.
- Follow-up at Prof. Dr. Cemil Taşcıoğlu City Hospital or Esenyurt Necmi Kadıoğlu State Hospital.
- Availability of glycemic parameters including fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, glycosuria, and 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results.
- Availability of routine ultrasonographic measurements including fetal abdominal circumference percentile (AC), estimated fetal weight percentile (EFW), and amniotic fluid index (AFI).
Who cannot join
- Age below 18 years.
- Age above 50 years.
- Multiple pregnancy.
- Known chronic systemic disease or pre-existing diabetes mellitus.
- Missing clinical, laboratory, or ultrasonographic data.
Trial locations and contacts
2 sites in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Turkey (Türkiye)2 sites, 2 recruiting
- Recruiting
Prof. Dr. Cemil Taşcıoğlu City Hospital
Istanbul, 34384
Burak d AYDOGDU, MD, 90 5396182228, burakd.1992@hotmail.com
- Recruiting
Esenyurt Necmi Kadıoğlu State Hospital
Istanbul, 34517
Burak d AYDOGDU, MD, +90 5396182228, burakd.1992@hotmail.com
About this study
Official title: Protective Effect of Lactation Against Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Subsequent Pregnancy: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common metabolic disorder of pregnancy associated with increased maternal and fetal morbidity. Lactation has been suggested to improve maternal glucose metabolism, enhance insulin sensitivity, and reduce the risk of future glucose intolerance. However, evidence regarding the protective effect of lactation on the development of GDM in subsequent pregnancies remains limited.
This prospective observational cohort study aims to evaluate the association between lactation and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus and related pregnancy complications in women who conceive during the lactation period. Routine glycemic markers including fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, glycosuria, and 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results will be recorded. Ultrasonographic findings including fetal abdominal circumference percentile, estimated fetal weight percentile, and amniotic fluid index will also be assessed. The study will investigate whether lactation is associated with a reduced risk of GDM, fetal macrosomia, and polyhydramnios in subsequent pregnancies.
Read the detailed description
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common metabolic complications of pregnancy and is associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes, including fetal macrosomia, polyhydramnios, cesarean delivery, and future development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Early identification of women at increased risk of GDM is essential for optimizing antenatal care and improving pregnancy outcomes.
Lactation has been reported to exert beneficial metabolic effects through increased glucose utilization, improved insulin sensitivity, and facilitation of postpartum weight loss. Previous studies have suggested that breastfeeding may reduce the long-term risk of type 2 diabetes in women with a history of GDM. However, evidence regarding the protective effect of lactation on the occurrence of gestational diabetes mellitus in subsequent pregnancies remains limited.
The present prospective observational cohort study aims to evaluate the relationship between lactation and the development of gestational diabetes mellitus in women who become pregnant during the lactation period. Pregnant women aged 18-50 years with singleton pregnancies who attend the participating obstetrics and gynecology clinics will be enrolled. Routine laboratory parameters obtained during antenatal care, including fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, glycosuria, and 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results, will be recorded.
In addition, routine ultrasonographic measurements, including fetal abdominal circumference percentile (AC), estimated fetal weight percentile (EFW), and amniotic fluid index (AFI), will be collected during the second and third trimesters. Maternal demographic and obstetric characteristics, including age, gravidity, parity, abortion history, and educational status, will also be documented.
The primary objective of the study is to determine whether lactation is associated with a reduced risk of gestational diabetes mellitus. Secondary objectives include evaluating the association between lactation and pregnancy complications related to altered glucose metabolism, including fetal macrosomia and polyhydramnios. The findings of this study may contribute to a better understanding of the metabolic effects of lactation and provide evidence for strategies aimed at reducing the burden of gestational diabetes mellitus in future pregnancy.
- Keywords
- Gestational Diabetes Mellitus,Lactation,Breastfeeding,Glucose Metabolism,Maternal Health
- Medical subject headings
- Diabetes, Gestational
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Pregnant Women During Lactation Period | Singleton pregnant women aged 18-50 years who conceived during the lactation period and were followed at participating obstetrics and gynecology clinics. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Incidence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Occurrence of gestational diabetes mellitus diagnosed by the 75-g oral glucose tolerance test performed between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation.
Measured: 24-28 weeks of gestation
Secondary outcomes (1)
Fetal Macrosomia
Presence of fetal macrosomia assessed according to routine obstetric ultrasonographic evaluation and/or birth weight.
Measured: From second trimester until delivery
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted3 Jun 2026
- Study start15 Jan 2026
- Primary completion31 Dec 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion31 Dec 2027 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM)Studies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Enrolment
- 140 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascıoglu Education and Research Hospital Organization
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Burak Deniz Aydoğdu, Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascıoglu Education and Research Hospital Organization
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07624968
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- LAC-GDM-2026-01
- Acronym
- LACGDM
- Status last verified
- May 2026
- First submitted
- 29 May 2026
- Last updated
- 3 Jun 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: Individual participant data (IPD) will not be shared because the study involves patient-level clinical data collected from routine medical records. Data sharing is not included in the current study protocol or ethics committee application, and participant confidentiality and institutional data protection policies will be maintained.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 3 Jun 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Protective Effect of Lactation Against Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Subsequent Pregnancy: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07624968
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- LACGDM / LAC-GDM-2026-01
- Keywords
- Gestational Diabetes Mellitus,Lactation,Breastfeeding,Glucose Metabolism,Maternal Health
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 140 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascıoglu Education and Research Hospital OrganizationUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 15 Jan 2026 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 31 Dec 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 31 Dec 2027 (estimated)
- First posted
- 3 Jun 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common metabolic disorder of pregnancy associated with increased maternal and fetal morbidity. Lactation has been suggested to improve maternal glucose metabolism, enhance insulin sensitivity, and reduce the risk of future glucose intolerance. However, evidence regarding the protective effect of lactation on the development of GDM in subsequent pregnancies remains limited.
This prospective observational cohort study aims to evaluate the association between lactation and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus and related pregnancy complications in women who conceive during the lactation period. Routine glycemic markers including fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, glycosuria, and 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results will be recorded. Ultrasonographic findings including fetal abdominal circumference percentile, estimated fetal weight percentile, and amniotic fluid index will also be assessed. The study will investigate whether lactation is associated with a reduced risk of GDM, fetal macrosomia, and polyhydramnios in subsequent pregnancies.
Detailed description
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common metabolic complications of pregnancy and is associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes, including fetal macrosomia, polyhydramnios, cesarean delivery, and future development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Early identification of women at increased risk of GDM is essential for optimizing antenatal care and improving pregnancy outcomes.
Lactation has been reported to exert beneficial metabolic effects through increased glucose utilization, improved insulin sensitivity, and facilitation of postpartum weight loss. Previous studies have suggested that breastfeeding may reduce the long-term risk of type 2 diabetes in women with a history of GDM. However, evidence regarding the protective effect of lactation on the occurrence of gestational diabetes mellitus in subsequent pregnancies remains limited.
The present prospective observational cohort study aims to evaluate the relationship between lactation and the development of gestational diabetes mellitus in women who become pregnant during the lactation period. Pregnant women aged 18-50 years with singleton pregnancies who attend the participating obstetrics and gynecology clinics will be enrolled. Routine laboratory parameters obtained during antenatal care, including fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, glycosuria, and 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results, will be recorded.
In addition, routine ultrasonographic measurements, including fetal abdominal circumference percentile (AC), estimated fetal weight percentile (EFW), and amniotic fluid index (AFI), will be collected during the second and third trimesters. Maternal demographic and obstetric characteristics, including age, gravidity, parity, abortion history, and educational status, will also be documented.
The primary objective of the study is to determine whether lactation is associated with a reduced risk of gestational diabetes mellitus. Secondary objectives include evaluating the association between lactation and pregnancy complications related to altered glucose metabolism, including fetal macrosomia and polyhydramnios. The findings of this study may contribute to a better understanding of the metabolic effects of lactation and provide evidence for strategies aimed at reducing the burden of gestational diabetes mellitus in future pregnancy.
Study design
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Pregnant Women During Lactation Period | – | –Singleton pregnant women aged 18-50 years who conceived during the lactation period and were followed at participating obstetrics and gynecology clinics. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 50 years
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
- Study population
- Pregnant individuals aged 18-50 years who conceived during the lactation period and are receiving antenatal care at participating obstetrics and gynecology clinics. Participants must have singleton pregnancies and available routine glycemic and ultrasonographic follow-up data. The study population represents women undergoing standard prenatal care in a tertiary care and secondary care hospital setting.
Key inclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Pregnant individuals aged 18 to 50 years.
- Singleton pregnancy.
- Conception during the lactation period.
- Follow-up at Prof. Dr. Cemil Taşcıoğlu City Hospital or Esenyurt Necmi Kadıoğlu State Hospital.
- Availability of glycemic parameters including fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, glycosuria, and 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results.
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Age below 18 years.
- Age above 50 years.
- Multiple pregnancy.
- Known chronic systemic disease or pre-existing diabetes mellitus.
- Missing clinical, laboratory, or ultrasonographic data.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Primary outcome
Incidence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Time frame: 24-28 weeks of gestation
Occurrence of gestational diabetes mellitus diagnosed by the 75-g oral glucose tolerance test performed between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation.
1 secondary outcome
Fetal Macrosomia
Time frame: From second trimester until delivery
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 3 Jun 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. Individual participant data (IPD) will not be shared because the study involves patient-level clinical data collected from routine medical records. Data sharing is not included in the current study protocol or ethics committee application, and participant confidentiality and institutional data protection policies will be maintained.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
2 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and Lactating Mother, run by Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascıoglu Education and Research Hospital Organization at 2 sites in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 6 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 3 Jun 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 2 sites in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Burak D AYDOGDU, MD, OB/GYN (+90 5396182228, burakd.1992@hotmail.com), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Incidence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (time frame: 24-28 weeks of gestation). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 3 Jun 2026.