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Thoracic DiseasesAI-REPORTNCT07634861

Evaluating a Text-Prompt AI Assistant for Chest CT Scans (AI-REPORT Study)

A study testing AI-generated report for chest CT and Standard reporting procedure (no AI assistance) in people with Thoracic Diseases, run by Shanghai Zhongshan Hospital at 2 sites in China.

Recruiting

Looking for participants now. Contact the study team or a site below to ask about taking part.

Sites and contacts
Official record
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Trial summary

This study aims to find out if an artificial intelligence (AI) system can help experienced radiologists write chest CT scan reports more quickly without lowering the quality of the report. Chest CT scans are common, and writing reports for them is a major part of a radiologist's job. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
Conditions the study is for
Thoracic Diseases
What is being tested?
AI-generated report for chest CT and Standard reporting procedure (no AI assistance)
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
100 participants
Where
2 sitesChina
Study dates
20 Jun 2026to 15 Feb 2027
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
Not yet: the study is under way

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 years and older
  • All sexes
  • Healthy volunteers accepted
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • Active board certification and ongoing routine clinical practice as an attending radiologist
  • Independent institutional authority for chest CT image interpretation and final official diagnostic report issuance
  • A minimum of three years of post-certification clinical experience in specialized thoracic imaging
  • Legal and cognitive competence for study participation, with voluntary provision of written informed consent after full understanding of study purpose, procedures, risks and benefits

Who cannot join

  • Direct participation in the development, training or validation of the trial's evaluated AI system
  • Ongoing participation in concurrent studies with potential risks of interpretation bias, cognitive fatigue or study procedure interference (investigator-assessed)
  • Any actual or perceived conflict of interest related to the evaluated AI system or its developers that may compromise objectivity in image interpretation and diagnostic reporting

Trial locations and contacts

2 sites in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.

Xiaodan Ye, MD, PhD contact

+86-13761459998

yuanyxd@163.com

Weiqiu Jin, BEng, BA, MD contact

jinwqzsh@fudan.edu.cn

China2 sites, 2 recruiting
  • Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University

    Shanghai

    Xiaodan Ye, MD, PhD, +86-13761459998, yuanyxd@163.com

    Weiqiu Jin, BEng, BA, MD, jinwqzsh@fudan.edu.cn

    Recruiting
  • United Imaging Intelligence, Shanghai

    Shanghai

    Dijia Wu, PhD, 86-21-67076888, dijia.wu@uii-ai.com

    Jiayu Wang, MS, jiayu.wang@uii-ai.com

    Recruiting

Other trials in China

About this study

Official title: An Evaluation Study of a Text-Based Chest CT-Assisted Diagnostic System: A Two-stage, Multicenter, Multireader Multicase (MRMC), Self-Crossover Controlled Trial

This study aims to find out if an artificial intelligence (AI) system can help experienced radiologists write chest CT scan reports more quickly without lowering the quality of the report. Chest CT scans are common, and writing reports for them is a major part of a radiologist's job. In this trial, board-certified radiologists will interpret complex chest CT cases. For some cases, they will start with a complete draft report generated by the AI system, which they can review and edit as needed. For other cases, they will write the report from scratch without any AI help, following their usual routine. The main things we are measuring are: 1) how much time the AI draft saves, and 2) whether the final reports created with AI help are as good as or better than those written without it, as judged by other senior doctors who do not know which report came from which method. The hope is that this AI tool can make radiologists' work more efficient while maintaining high standards for patient care.

Read the detailed description

This study investigates whether an artificial intelligence (AI) system that drafts preliminary radiology reports can help experienced chest CT radiologists work faster while maintaining or improving report quality. The trial is conducted in two sequential phases. The first phase uses a set of complex, real-world historical cases. Radiologists interpret these cases both with and without the help of the AI-generated draft (AI-report) in a controlled, crossover study design. The second phase is a prospective, real-world deployment where the same AI-report system is integrated into the clinical workflow of participating radiologists as they interpret new, incoming chest CT scans in real time. We measure the time it takes to complete reports and, through blinded evaluations by other senior doctors, assess the quality of the final reports created with and without AI assistance. The goal is to determine if this AI tool can make radiologists' work more efficient and support high-quality patient care in actual practice.

  1. Detailed Description

1.1 Study Design

This is a two-phase, multicenter, multireader, multicase (MRMC) study designed to evaluate the real-world clinical utility of an AI report generation system (AI-report).

  1. Stage 1 (controlled crossover evaluation): This stage employs a retrospective, randomized, two-period crossover design. A curated set of complex historical chest CT cases, previously discussed in multidisciplinary team (MDT) meetings, is used. Each participating radiologist acts as their own control, interpreting the same cases both with and without the AI draft under controlled conditions.
  2. Stage 2 (prospective real-world deployment): This stage is a prospective, observational study. The validated AI-report system is deployed into the live clinical workflow of the participating radiologists. They use the system in real-time as they interpret new, consecutive chest CT scans from their clinical duties, allowing for evaluation in an authentic clinical environment.

1.2 Objectives

  1. Primary objectives: To evaluate the impact of the AI-report system on 1) radiologist efficiency (interpretation time) and 2) the clinical quality of finalized reports, assessed in both a controlled retrospective setting (Phase 1) and a prospective real-world setting (Phase 2).
  2. Secondary objectives: To assess the nature and clinical significance of edits made to AI drafts, and to evaluate system usability and integration into the routine reporting workflow.

1.3 Study Population

  1. Radiologist Readers: Board-certified radiologists with ≥ 3 years of independent thoracic imaging practice.
  2. Blinded Evaluators: Eleven senior clinicians from the original MDT panels that contributed the Phase 1 cases, responsible for blinded quality assessment.

1.4 Intervention

The intervention is the provision of a fully AI-generated draft radiology report (AI-report). In Phase 1, this is provided within a controlled reading platform for historical cases. In Phase 2, the system is integrated into the clinical Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS)/Radiology Information System (RIS) to generate drafts for prospective, real-time cases.

  1. Study Procedures

Phase 1 (Retrospective Crossover): The 400 historical MDT cases are used. The study involves two reading rounds with a washout period. In each round, radiologists interpret a set of cases, with the AI condition (draft provided or not) randomized and crossed over between rounds. Interpretation time is recorded, and all finalized reports are collected for blinded pairwise comparison by the evaluator panel.

Phase 2 (Prospective Deployment): Following Phase 1, the AI-report system is activated in the clinical environment for participating radiologists. During a defined prospective observation period, the system generates drafts for eligible new chest CT scans. Radiologists use these drafts in their daily work. Reporting time and the AI drafts alongside the finalized human-edited reports are collected for analysis. Report quality in this phase is assessed longitudinally and through sampling.

  1. Outcome Measures

3.1 Primary Outcomes:

Efficiency: Change in median interpretation time per case with vs. without AI-report assistance (Phase 1) and the distribution of reporting times during real-world use (Phase 2).

Quality: Superiority score from blinded paired comparisons of AI-assisted vs. unassisted reports (Phase 1). Qualitative and quantitative assessment of report adequacy in the prospective cohort (Phase 2).

3.2 Secondary Outcomes:

Clinical significance of radiologist modifications to AI drafts (5-point scale).

System usability and workflow integration scores from post-study surveys.

  1. Statistical Analysis

Analysis will account for the MRMC design in Phase 1 using hierarchical models. Phase 2 data will be analyzed using descriptive statistics and statistical process control methods where appropriate. The two phases will be analyzed separately to provide insights into efficacy (Phase 1) and effectiveness (Phase 2).

Being tested
AI-generated report for chest CT, Standard reporting procedure (no AI assistance)
Medical subject headings
Thoracic Diseases

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • AI-generated report for chest CTDevice

    A clinical decision support software generates a preliminary report draft for chest CT examinations. Board-certified radiologists then finalize the AI draft.

  • Standard reporting procedure (no AI assistance)Procedure or surgery

    Standard chest CT reporting procedure without AI assistance. Board-certified radiologists independently interpret chest CT examinations and generate final reports following standard clinical workflow without preliminary AI-generated drafts.

Study groups in NCT07634861
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
AI-Assisted Reporting ArmExperimentalThis arm involves board-certified radiologists interpreting chest CT cases using the AI system, which generates a preliminary report draft. In Phase 1 (retrospective crossover), each radiologist interprets the same set of historical cases twice: once with the AI-generated draft and once without, with order randomized and a washout period. In Phase 2 (prospective real-world deployment), radiologists use AI drafts for consecutive new chest CT scans in routine practice. The intervention is the provision of the AI-generated report draft; no other changes to standard workflow are introduced.
Receives: Device: AI-generated report for chest CT
Standard ReportingActive comparatorThis arm involves board-certified radiologists interpreting chest CT cases without AI assistance, following standard workflow procedures. In Phase 1 (retrospective crossover), radiologists interpret the same set of historical cases without the AI-generated draft (order randomized with a washout period). In Phase 2 (prospective real-world deployment), this arm represents routine clinical practice where no AI drafts are provided for new chest CT scans. The control condition is standard reporting without AI assistance.
Receives: Procedure: Standard reporting procedure (no AI assistance)

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Subjective report quality evaluation based on diagnostic requirements and clinical relevance

    Quality is blindly assessed by independent clinicians using pairwise comparisons among three report types: AI-generated raw reports, human-only reports, and human-AI collaborative reports. Superior reports score 1 point, ties score 0.5.

    Measured: CT reports will be distributed for external clinician scoring once all required data are available (typically ≤ 2 weeks post Primary Completion Date); the final aggregated analysis will be completed within 4 weeks post Primary Completion Date.

  2. Significance of radiologist modifications to AI-generated reports

    Using a 5-point ordinal scale, independent external clinicians rate the clinical significance of edits made to AI reports. Level 1 denotes minimal changes; Level 5 indicates critical corrections preventing inappropriate/delayed management. Intermediate levels (2-4) represent minor adjustments, beneficial optimizations, and significant refinements impacting diagnostic clarity or treatment selection.

    Measured: CT reports will be distributed for external clinician scoring once all required data are available (typically ≤ 2 weeks post Primary Completion Date); the final aggregated analysis will be completed within 4 weeks post Primary Completion Date.

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted9 Jun 2026
  2. Study start20 Jun 2026 (estimated)
  3. Primary completion31 Dec 2026 (estimated)
  4. Study completion15 Feb 2027 (estimated)

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Diagnosis
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Crossover
Masking
None (open label)
Enrolment
100 participants (estimated)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT07634861
Sponsor's protocol ID
B2025-151
Acronym
AI-REPORT
Status last verified
Jun 2026
First submitted
27 May 2026
Last updated
9 Jun 2026
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
No

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing AI-generated report for chest CT and Standard reporting procedure (no AI assistance) in people with Thoracic Diseases, run by Shanghai Zhongshan Hospital at 2 sites in China.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 9 Jun 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 2 sites in China. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

Contact Xiaodan Ye, MD, PhD (+86-13761459998, yuanyxd@163.com), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Subjective report quality evaluation based on diagnostic requirements and clinical relevance (time frame: CT reports will be distributed for external clinician scoring once all required data are available (typically ≤ 2 weeks post Primary Completion Date); the final aggregated analysis will be completed within 4 weeks post Primary Completion Date.). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 9 Jun 2026.

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